Stokes波高阶谐波系数递推的数值计算*

本文用W.H.Hui提出的方法,在半物理平面内重新表述了Stokes波的数学模型和边界条件,提出了两种更有效的数值计算方法来获得Stokes波高阶谐波系数,并可递推至无穷.通过小参数转换,重新得到了Cokelet(1977)的波速和半波高的摄动展开式.     

Subconscious Effect on Pedestrian Counter Flow

We propose an extended lattice gas model with different maximum velocities to simulate pedestrian counter flow by considering the subconscious behaviour of walkers. Four types of walkers including faster right walkers, slower right walkers, faster left walkers and slower left walkers are involved in the simulation. The simulation results show that our model can capture some essential features of pedestrian counter flows, such as the lane formation, segregation effect and phase separation at higher densities. We also find that the subconscious effect can reduce the occurrence of jam cluster evidently compared with the ease of un-subeonscious effect. At large maximum velocity, the critical density corresponding to the maximum flow rate of the fundamental diagram is in good agreement with the empirical results.     

极低频电磁场的生物学效应

随着电工技术的发展,用电设施日益增多,相关的极低频电磁场对环境和人类健康的影响问题也越来越受到重视。所谓“极低频”,一般是指300 Hz 及以下的频率。我们日常使用的交流电的频率是50 Hz,也被称为工业频率(简称工频),是最典型的极低频。目前高压输电线路和轨道交通所产生的极低频电磁场对健康影响的问题受到广泛关注,甚至引起一些民事纠纷,严重干扰了一些关系到国计民生的重大项目的顺利实施。导致这种局面的根本原因是,虽然极低频电磁场对健康的影响问题已研究多年,但现有研究成果还无法给出明确清晰的答案。另外,随着特高压直流输电技术的发展和应用以及磁悬浮轨道交通技术的发展,交直流混合的电磁场环境会逐渐增多,也使得极低频电磁场对健康影响的问题更加复杂。     

Phase transition on speed limit traffic with slope

Through introducing a generalized optimal speed function to consider spatial position, slope grade and variable safe headway, the effect of slope in a single-lane highway on the traffic flow is investigated with the extended optimal speed model. The theoretical analysis and simulation results show that the flux of the whole road with the upgrade （or downgrade） increases linearly with density, saturates at a critical density, then maintains this saturated value in a certain density range and finally decreases with density. The value of saturated flux is equal to the maximum flux of the upgrade （or downgrade） without considering the slight influence of the driver＇s sensitivity. And the fundamental diagrams also depend on sensitivity, slope grade and slope length. The spatiotemporal pattern gives the segregation of different traffic phases caused by the rarefaction wave and the shock wave under a certain initial vehicle number. A comparison between the upgrade and the downgrade indicates that the value of saturated flux of the downgrade is larger than that of the upgrade under the same condition. This result is in accordance with the real traffic.     

可见光驱动表面富含氧空位Nb2O5催化醇氧化反应

醇氧化合成相应的羰基化合物在有机化学基础研究及工业应用中占有非常重要的地位.通过表面富含氧空位Nb₂O₅光催化剂的开发,发展了一种醇氧化为羰基化合物的绿色高效合成方法.该催化体系具有反应条件温和,底物适用性强和官能团兼容性广的特点.此外,该催化剂表现出优良的性能稳定性,循环使用多次后,保持催化活性不变.     

LiAlO2衬底上ZnO薄膜的溶胶-凝胶法制备和表征

采用溶胶凝胶法在LiAlO2(302)衬底上制备了ZnO薄膜.用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电镜(SEM)对样品的结构和形貌进行了表征.XRD结果表明,随着热处理温度的升高(350℃、450℃、550℃、600℃、800℃),所得到的薄膜分别为单相ZnAl2O4(350℃),ZnAl2O4和ZnO的混合相(450℃)以及单相的ZnO(550℃、600℃、800℃),并且ZnO薄膜c轴择优取向的生长趋势随温度升高相应明显.SEM图像显示,随着热处理温度的升高,ZnO薄膜的粒径相应变大.     

基于质心点优化的鱼眼摄像机标定

针对圆形标志点标定鱼眼镜头模型参量准确度不高的问题,提出一种基于质心点优化的鱼眼相机标定方法.首先在已有的鱼眼镜头成像模型的基础上,获取模型内外参量的初值,并利用两步求解法求取畸变参量的初值;然后通过模型求取标志圆的投影椭圆,对该投影椭圆和图像上的椭圆分别求质心,进而建立目标函数并优化模型各参量,最后实现鱼眼镜头的精确标定.模拟实验和真实图像实验结果均表明:本文提出的方法能够明显提高鱼眼镜头的标定准确度,为鱼眼视觉相关问题的研究提供了可靠的参量依据.