闪烁光纤特性测试

介绍了一套进行单根塑料闪烁光纤测量的实验装置,给出由这套装置获得闪烁光纤的光产额、衰减长度、时间分辨和位置分辨的实验方法和测量结果,并对两种不同厂家的光纤进行了比较.     

Performances of RETGEM with resistive electrodes made of kapton foils

THGEM with resistive Kapton electrodes (RETGEM) has been developed to make the THGEM more tolerant to discharges. At higher gains with resistive electrodes, serious discharges may travel to the streamer mode, in contrast to violent sparks in conventional GEMs. These streamers are mild and less dangerous to the detector and the front-end electronics. RETGEM looks very promising, and its basic properties are being studied. Recently we developed and tested the THGEM with electrodes using 20 um thick resistive kapton foils. The new RETGEM performs at a lower discharge current, has a lower discharge probability, and has a good energy resolution of 27% and a high effective gas gain and long-term stability.     

Comparative studies of silicon photomultipliers and traditional vacuum photomultiplier tubes

Silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) are a new generation of semiconductor-based photon counting devices with the merits of low weight, low power consumption and low voltage operation, promising to meet the needs of space particle physics experiments. In this paper, comparative studies of SiPMs and traditional vacuum photomultiplier tubes (PMTs) have been performed regarding the basic properties of dark currents, dark counts and excess noise factors. The intrinsic optical crosstalk effect of SiPMs was evaluated.     

一种基于2, 2'-二吡啶胺功能化的新型空间位阻型9, 9'-二芳基芴的设计、合成及其光电性质研究

用2-溴吡啶通过乌尔曼反应修饰9-(4-苯胺基)-9-苯基芴合成了一种具有大体积空间位阻的双极性分子(PFPhDPy),这种化合物因其大的空间位阻、芴优异的双极型传输特性、共轭阻断结构以及吸电子的吡啶官能团而有望获得良好的热稳定性、稳定的无定形态、高的三线态能级和良好的双极性特征.热重分析曲线表明其失重5%的分解温度为336℃.差示扫描量热曲线显示将该化合物加热到190℃既没有熔化现象也没有结晶现象,意味着该化合物具有高的形貌稳定性.通过密度泛函理论计算,该化合物的最高占有轨道(HOMO)和最低未占有轨道(LUMO)完全分离,说明该化合物具有双极性特征,通过磷光光谱得到三线态能级为3.0 eV.紫外光谱显示该化合物不依赖于溶剂效应的三个特征吸收峰分别为276、298和308 nm.荧光光谱在二氯甲烷、乙酸乙酯、乙醇和乙腈溶剂中随着溶剂的极性增加光谱发生蓝移,其最大发射峰从390 nm转变为363 nm.另外,该化合物的结构分别通过基质辅助激光解析电离飞行时间质谱(MALDI-TOF MS)、氢核磁共振(¹H NMR)和碳核磁共振(¹³C NMR)谱进行了结构表征.     

机器人与其连带安全装置系统的可靠性与可控性研究

本文主要研究由机器人与其安全装置组成的系统. 利用泛函分析方法将原系统的偏微分方程组转化成Banach空间中抽象的Cauchy问题.通过代数理论和$C_0$半群理论得到系统的瞬态可靠度和稳态可用度,利用转换变量证明了系统的可靠性和零状态可控性.最后利用Maple软件模拟出系统瞬态可靠度和稳态可用度图形.     

低温燃烧合成法制备纳米氧化镧

以六水硝酸镧、一水柠檬酸为原料,利用低温燃烧合成法制备了纳米La2O3粉体.利用XRD、TG-DTA和TEM等测试方法对干凝胶热分解过程及最终形成的纳米La2O3粉体进行了表征,并研究了前驱体溶液的pH值、物质的量配比、煅烧温度、煅烧时间对粉体粒径和形貌的影响.实验结果表明,在溶液的pH=2,La(NO3)3·6H2O:C6H8O7·H2O=6:7,煅烧温度在700~900 ℃,煅烧时间为1.5 h时,可获得粒径均匀的纳米La2O3粉体,且所得产物的粒径范围为50~100 nm.     

叶轮与叶片扩压器相干非定常流动的数值模拟

本文采用了不对粘性项作任何近似的时间倾斜算子,来处理转子和静子栅距不相等时的周期性边界条件施加时所出现的问题。对某一离心压缩机进行了非定常的数值模拟,并把其结果同实验测量数据和商用软件的结果进行了比较。结果表明两种非定常计算方法比定常计算结果更接近于实验测量值,定常的计算结果在某些测量平面上不能充足地预测出流场结构,本文所发展的时间倾斜算子的计算程序在总体上同实验测量结果吻合最好,应用其能很好地预测离心压缩机级的非定常流动。     

进口导叶／叶轮／扩压器非定常相干的数值与实验研究

在不同进口导叶预旋角度下,采用非定常的方法对进口导叶/叶轮/扩压器三部件之间非定常相干进行了数值与实验研究,探讨了三部件之间动静相干的机理.结果表明,在进口导叶/叶轮/扩压器三部件相干时,最大的脉动压力出现在叶轮和扩压器之间的动静交界面上.当进口导叶预旋角度存在时,叶轮与扩压器之间无叶区内的非定常流动以叶轮叶片通过频率和1/2叶片通过频率为基频;而当扩压器进口安装角增大时,径向间隙内的流动则主要以1/2叶片通过频率为基频.在不同的配置下,湍流强度和非定常度均有朝向轮盘增加的趋势.在进口导叶正预旋60°同扩压器进口安装角为17°时的配置有增大湍流强度和非定常度的趋势.     

PEP聚醚型非离子表面活性剂复配体系的研究

主要讨论了聚氧丙烯－聚氧乙烯－聚氧丙烯（PEP）嵌段共聚醚型非离子表面活性剂分别与十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS0、十六烷基三甲基溴化铵（C16TAB）复配体系的水溶液的表面张力随浓度的变化及其盐效应的影响,计算了二元复配体系水溶液的表面吸附层分子相互作用参数（βσ）及胶束中分子相互作用参数（βm）的值,比较了复配体系的协同效应,并对结果作了理论解释。     

Performance of MPPC at low temperature

The performance of a MultiPixel Photon Counter (MPPC) from room to liquid nitrogen temperatures were studied. The gain, the noise rate and bias voltage of the MPPC as a function of temperature were obtained. The experimental results show that the MPPC can work at low temperatures. At nearly liquid nitrogen temperatures, the gain of the MPPC drops obviously to 35% and the bias voltage drops about 9 V compared with that at room temperature. The thermal noise rate from 10⁶ Hz/mm at room temperature drops abruptly to 0 Hz/mm at -100 ℃. The optimized operation point can be acquired by the experiment.