追求科学真理、献身祖国科学事业的光辉一生——纪念张文裕先生诞辰一百周年

<正>2010年1月9日是张文裕先生百年诞辰的日子,为了缅怀这位可敬的长辈和良师,缅怀这位为了人类的科学事业和我国高能物理事业的发展做出过杰出贡献的科学家,我们写这     

洁净核能源技术和D-Li强中子源的应用设想

在讨论国际科学界普遍关注的加速器驱动核动力装置技术,及其在未来洁净核能源开发和利用核嬗变方法处理核废料等方面的应用意义和可行性的同时,从我国的实际出发,提出了立足国内,利用中能（４０ＭｅＶ）、强流（２×１２５ｍＡ）质子加速器作Ｄ－Ｌｉ超强中子源,开展零功率加速器驱动核裂变装置技术的原理性研究和核嬗变、聚变材料、抗核加固及核物理研究,以及生产放射性同位素的初步设想. The accelerator driven nuclear power technology, as one of the most important scientific projects in the world, is evaluated. Some of its applications on transmuting nuclear waste, producing fission energy and doing scientific researches are also discussed. A proposal of using high intensity D Li fast neutron source as driven source of a zero power accelerator driven fission facility is outlined for the principle research and multi application purposes based on the present scientific...     

各向异性作用下合金定向凝固界面稳定性的渐近分析

采用渐近分析方法对考虑了界面能各向异性的单相二元合金平界面定向凝固过程进行了线性稳定性分析，得到了特定条件下的零级、一级渐近解，并通过对长波段渐近解的讨论得出了适用于整个波段的色散关系.分析表明零级渐近解等效于成分过冷理论，而一级渐近解则与M-S稳定性理论一致.在稳定状态控制参数(抽拉速度和温度梯度)的选择图中，界面能各向异性增大了不稳定区域，且在高速和高温度梯度时的影响更强.     

二苯基二氯硅烷与双酚-A的缩聚反应动力学

研究了二苯基二氯硅烷与双酚-A在等克分子比条件下的缩聚反应动力学。采用熔融缩聚时反应速率规律性复杂,结果无法处理;而用萘、二苯醚、苯乙酮等溶剂稀释至一定程度后,前期反应动力学呈现二级反应规律。当温度相同时,溶剂极性越大,反应速率越快;在一定温度范围内反应速率常数的对数与绝对温度的倒数标绘呈线性关系,获得在萘、二苯醚、苯乙酮中缩聚反应的活化能分别为:17.1千卡/克分子,24.8千卡/克分子,10.3千卡/克分子。Lewis碱及其盐对此反应有显著的催化效应。验证了缩聚反应过程中体系极性改变时,反应速率即发生对应的变化,阐明了熔融缩聚反应速率不稳定的原因。提出了反应系按S_N2机理进行。     

Transition to Film Boiling in Microgravity： Influence of Subcooling

The transition process to film pool boiling in microgravity is studied experimentally aboard the Chinese recoverable satellite S J-8. A quasi-steady heating method is adopted, in which the heating voltage is controlled to increase exponentially with time. Small, primary bubbles are formed and slid on the surface, which coalesce with each other to form a large coalesced bubble. Two ways are observed for the transition from nucleate to film boiling at different subcoolings. At high subcooling, the coalesced bubble with a smooth surface grows slowly. It is then difficult for the coalesced bubble to cover the whole heater surface, resulting in a special region of transition boiling in which nucleate boiling and local dry areas can coexist. In contrast, strong oscillation of the coalesced bubble surface at low subcooling may cause rewetting of local dry areas and activation of more nucleate sites, resulting in an abrupt transition to film boiling.     

超深亚微米互补金属氧化物半导体器件的剂量率效应

对0.18 μm互补金属氧化物半导体(CMOS)工艺的N型金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(NMOSFET)及静态随机存储器(SRAM)开展了不同剂量率下的电离总剂量辐照试验研究. 结果表明: 在相同累积剂量, SRAM的低剂量率辐照损伤要略大于高剂量率辐照的损伤, 并且低剂量率辐照损伤要远大于高剂量率辐照加与低剂量率辐照时间相同的室温退火后的损伤. 虽然NMOSFET 低剂量率辐照损伤略小于高剂量率辐照损伤, 但室温退火后, 高剂量率辐照损伤同样要远小于低剂量率辐照损伤. 研究结果表明0.18 μm CMOS工艺器件的辐射损伤不是时间相关效应. 利用数值模拟的方法提出了解释CMOS器件剂量率效应的理论模型.     

1:1分步亚微米光刻镜头

本文介绍一个数值孔径0.4、视场10×10mm~2可用于1:1分步投影光刻机的镜头的光学设计及其模型实验结果.光学设计在Wynne-Dyson的1:1折反式系统的基础上,对该系统作了某些改变.实验结果表明,该镜头具有亚微米的光刻分辨率.     

高光谱成像的煤与矸石分类

煤与矸石分选是煤矿生产的必要工序,现有的人工分选与机械分选,存在效率低,易造成资源浪费以及环境污染等问题.鉴于可见/近红外高光谱成像具有分析速度快、样品无需预处理、无污染等诸多优势,旨在探讨基于可见/近红外高光谱成像对黑色背景下块状煤与矸石准确分类的可行性,并基于特征波长筛选算法简化模型,为构建多光谱煤与矸石分选系统提...     

分节式电容液面计

本文介绍一种采用分节式电容作为传感器的液氮、液氦两用的电容液面计.该仪器经过多次试验表明:具有灵敏度高、重复性好等优点.使用该仪器可观测到液面1mm以下的变化.     

Optical properties of InGaAsBi/GaAs strained quantum wells studied by temperature-dependent photoluminescence

The effect of bismuth on the optical properties of InGaAsBi/GaAs quantum well structures is investigated using the temperature-dependent photoluminescence from 12 K to 450 K.The incorporation of bismuth in the InGaAsBi quantum well is confirmed and found to result in a red shift of photoluminescence wavelength of 27.3 meV at 300 K.The photoluminescence intensity is significantly enhanced by about 50 times at 12 K with respect to that of the InGaAs quantum well due to the surfactant effect of bismuth.The temperature-dependent integrated photoluminescence intensities of the two samples reveal different behaviors related to various non-radiative recombination processes.The incorporation of bismuth also induces alloy non-uniformity in the quantum well,leading to an increased photoluminescence linewidth.