The Low Energy Limit of String Theory and its Compactifications with Background Fluxes

String theory is consistently defined in ten dimensions. In order to extract any information about four-dimensional physics, we need to understand the properties of the six-dimensional compact manifold orthogonal to our four-dimensional universe. A possibility that is being very much explored lately is to look at manifolds on which background fluxes are turned on. In this article, we present an introduction to string theory, focusing on its massless sector. We then review traditional compactifications to four–dimensions, and finally motivate and describe the so-called flux compactifications. We interpret the allowed six-dimensional manifolds from the point of view of generalized complex geometry.     

Physical Analysis of a Possibility to Reach the 1.30-μm Emission from the GaAs-Based VCSELs with the InGaAs/GaAs Quantum-Well Active Regions and the Intentionally Detuned Optical Cavities

Physical aspects of an operation of the GaAs-based InGaAs/GaAs quantum-well (QW) VCSELs with the intentionally detuned optical cavities have been considered in the present paper using the comprehensive three-dimensional self-consistent optical–electrical–thermal-gain simulation. In GaAs-based structures, very good DBR resonator mirrors and a very efficient methods to confine radially both the current spreading and the electromagnetic field with the aid of oxide apertures may be applied. It has been found using the above simulation that even currently available immature technology enables manufacturing the above devices emitting radiation of wavelengths over 1.20 μm. In particular, while the room-temperature 1.30-μm lasing emission is still beyond possibilities of the InGaAs/GaAs QW VCSELs, these structures may offer analogous 1.25-μm emission, especially for the high-power and/or high-temperature operation.     

A Geometrical Model for Tortuosity of Tortuous Streamlines in Porous Media with Cylindrical Particles

We present a three-dimensional geometry model for tortuosity of streamlines in porous media with randomly placed cylindrical particles. The proposed model is expressed as functions of porosity and geometrical parameters with no empirical constant. This might be helpful for understanding the physical mechanism for tortuosity of streamlines in three-dimensional porous media. The model predictions are found to be in good agreement with the experimental data available.     

给定压力下纯铁材料的冲击相变与层裂特性研究

采用VISAR测量样品自由面速度剖面和回收样品观测分析联合技术,开展等厚对称碰撞实验,结合文献中的实验结果,研究了冲击加载压力大于纯铁材料冲击相变阈值约2~5 GPa和大于冲击相变阈值约10 GPa两种压力状态下纯铁材料的加卸载历程及各相区的变化,并从应力波相互作用的角度,指出了冲击加载压力略大于纯铁材料相变阈值约2 GPa时,等厚对称碰撞样品反常二次层裂与冲击相变及逆相变的关联机制。     

基于全内反射光子晶体多模波导偏振无关型光分束器

研究了全内反射在光子晶体多模波导中的作用,利用常规的耦合模理论对对称入射时的多模干涉行为和自映射现象进行了讨论和分析.研究表明,输入光场依然能沿着多模导光区高效的传输,这种结构中的光场传输是由全内反射和布喇格反射的联合作用而决定的.设计了一种全内反射偏振无关型光分束器,这种分束器在集成光学中具有重大的潜在应用价值.     

Noise Effects on Temperature Encoding of Neuronal Spike Trains in a Cold Receptor

We examine how noise interacts with encoding mechanisms of neuronal stimulus in a cold receptor. From ISI series and bifurcation diagrams it is shown that there are considerable differences in interval distributions and impulse patterns caused by purely deterministic simulations and noisy simulations. The ISI-distance can be used as an effective and powerful way to measure the noise effects on spike trains of the cold receptor quantitatively. It is also found that spike trains observed in cold receptors can be more strongly affected by noise for low temperatures than for high temperatures in some aspects; meanwhile, the spike train has greater variability with increasing noise intensity.     

High Power THz Undulator Radiation from Linear Accelerator

A 30-MeV femto-second electron linac is built at the Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, which can produce high power, coherent THz undulator radiation. We report the experimental facility and measurement of the power, frequency spectrum. First experiments show the averaged power at THz to be about 20mW.     

Reverse reconciliation for continuous variable quantum key distribution

An efficient and practical post-processing technique based on reverse reconciliation for continuous variable quantum key distribution is proposed and simulated with low-density parity check (LDPC) codes. MultiLevel Coding/ MultiStage Decoding, which fully utilizes optimization technique such as vector quantization and iterative decoding and the optimal channel coding most close to the Shannon limit, was used to realize efficient reverse reconciliation algorithm. Simulation results showed that the proposed m...     

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以碰撞为能量交换机制,按局部热力学平衡近似处理低气压等离子体,并考虑辉光放电二极之间的电位分布,得到了电子密度与气体压力的关系和电子温度与电场强度的关系。提出了一种利用压强、电压和电流就获得电子温度和密度的诊断方法。用Langmuir探针方法验证了获得的结果。     

基于FPGA的OV7620视频信息获取系统

为了满足实时、快速地获取并处理视频信息,提出以Altera公司Cyclone系列的EP1C12Q240C8为核心芯片构造硬件开发平台,使用Verilog HDL语言对CMOS图像传感器OV7620的驱动时序进行硬件描述。系统采用SCCB编程模式,建立FPGA芯片与CMOS图像传感器之间的通信,实现信号的控制与获取。为了实现在不同环境和需求下的操作要求,设定了CMOS图像传感器内部的相应寄存器和控制器。实验结果表明,该系统通过灵活控制CMOS图像传感器OV7620,为实现视频监控、工业现场监控等应用提供了稳定可靠的原始信息来源。