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81.
1-Hydroxy-3-phospholene oxides (1 and 3) and phenyl-H-phosphinic acid (6) are converted to the corresponding phosphinic esters (2, 4, and 7, respectively) by reaction with simple alcohols on microwave irradiation. Under traditional heating conditions, the esterification does not take place, as in the cases of 1 and 3, or is highly incomplete, as in the case of 6. Steric hindrance in diphenylphosphinic acid prevents efficient microwave-assisted esterification. 相似文献
82.
Zsuzsa Srkny Fernando Rocha Ana M. Damas Sandra Macedo‐Ribeiro Pedro M. Martins 《化学:亚洲杂志》2019,14(4):500-508
Insoluble aggregates staining positive to amyloid dyes are known histological hallmarks of different neurodegenerative disorders and of type II diabetes. Soluble oligomers are smaller assemblies whose formation prior to or concomitant with amyloid deposition has been associated to the processes of disease propagation and cell death. While the pathogenic mechanisms are complex and differ from disease to disease, both types of aggregates are important biological targets subject to intense investigation in academia and industry. Here we review recent advances in the fundamental understanding of protein aggregation that can be used on the development of anti‐amyloid and anti‐oligomerization drugs. Specifically, we pinpoint the chemical kinetic aspects that should be attended during the development of high‐throughput screening assays and in the hit validation phase. The strategies here devised are expected to establish a connection between basic research and pharmaceutical innovation. 相似文献
83.
The spectral and temporal behaviour of back-and forward-scattered laser light on laser produced spark are investigated. Short backscattered pulses from the plasma fronts appears just after the breakdown. Self-focusing caused by nonlinear heating begins when the plasma filament is already formed. 相似文献
84.
The Stark constant of methanol vibrational transitions (ν, n, τ, K, J): (0, 1, 2, 5, 9) and (0, 0, 1, 8, 16) → (1, 0, 1, 8, 16) is measured using the derivative optoacoustic Lamb dip spectroscopy method. 相似文献
85.
B. SzajÀNi P. SÜdi Gabriella KlamÀr Zsuzsa M. JÀszay I. PetnehÀzy L. TŐke 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》1991,30(2):225-231
A series of water-soluble disubstituted carbodiimides of different structure was tested for enzyme immobilization. In the experiments, a polyacrylamide-type bead polymer possessing carboxylic functional groups was used as support. The enzymes immobilized were aminoacylase (N-acylamino acid amidohydrolase; EC 3.5.1.14), arginase (L-arginine amidinohydrolase; EC 3.5.3.1), cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (alpha-1,4-glucan 4-glycosyltransferase, cyclizing; EC 3.2.1.19), glucoamylase (1,4-alpha-D-glucan glycohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.3), and carboxypeptidase B (peptidyl-L-lysine [L-arginine] hydrolase; EC 3.4.17.2). It was found that the degree of immobilization strongly depended on the structure of carbodiimide used. 相似文献
86.
Abstract— The role of chloride in photosynthetic oxygen evolution was investigated by means of thermoluminescence measurements. It was found that chloride depletion in isolated chloroplasts almost completely abolished the B1 thermoluminescence band (S3 QB − recombination) but diminished only slightly the amplitude of the B2 band (S2 QB − recombination). The B2 band could be excited to full intensity by the first flash of a flash series and subsequent flashes caused no further change in the amplitude of the band. These observations suggest a block in the S2 →S3 transition of the water-splitting system in chloride-depleted chloroplasts. Readdition of chloride provided evidence that the inhibitory effect of chloride removal is reversible. 相似文献
87.
Volpon L Tsan P Majer Z Vass E Hollósi M Noguéra V Lancelin JM Besson F 《Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy》2007,67(5):1374-1381
Iturins are a group of antifungal produced by Bacillus subtilis. All are cyclic lipopeptides with seven alpha-amino acids of configuration LDDLLDL and one beta-amino fatty acid. The bacillomycin L is a member of this family and its NMR structure was previously resolved using the sequence Asp-Tyr-Asn-Ser-Gln-Ser-Thr. In this work, we carefully examined the NMR spectra of this compound and detected an error in the sequence. In fact, Asp1 and Gln5 need to be changed into Asn1 and Glu5, which therefore makes it identical to bacillomycin Lc. As a consequence, it now appears that all iturinic peptides with antibiotic activity share the common beta-amino fatty acid 8-L-Asn1-D-Tyr2-D-Asn3 sequence. To better understand the conformational influence of the acidic residue L-Asp1, present, for example in the inactive iturin C, the NMR structure of the synthetic analogue SCP [cyclo (L-Asp1-D-Tyr2-D-Asn3-L-Ser4-L-Gln5-D-Ser6-L-Thr7-beta-Ala8)] was determined and compared with bacillomycin Lc recalculated with the corrected sequence. In both cases, the conformers obtained were separated into two families of similar energy which essentially differ in the number and type of turns. A detailed analysis of both cyclopeptide structures is presented here. In addition, CD and FTIR spectra were performed and confirmed the conformational differences observed by NMR between both cyclopeptides. 相似文献
88.
89.
From nutritional points of view, carotenoids, capsaicinoids, and tocopherols are valuable constituents in pungent peppers. A rapid and reliable high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the simultaneous determination of phytonutrients in spice red peppers and chili products was developed and validated. The method included simultaneous detection by fluorescence and diode-array detectors. The major capsaicinoids, two tocopherols and 43 carotenoid components, were simultaneously separated, detected, and identified in the appointed pepper powder (containing Capsicum annuum and Capsicum frutescens) for method validation. The separation was performed on a Nucleosil C18 reverse phase column and optimized gradient elution. Resolution ranged between 0.96 and 1.46 with the highest values corresponding to γ-tocopherol and α-tocopherol. The limits of detection and quantification of target compounds ranged between 18.77 and 148.08 ng mL?1. Recoveries were between 89.83–100.26 and 79.72–88.86% when standard materials were spiked at low and high amounts, respectively. The most sufficient extraction of the different phytonutrients was achieved by mixture of methanol and acetone, although it was only slightly better than the mixture of methanol and acetonitrile. These results suggest that the developed method could be used for rapid, one-step determination of a wide range of phytonutrients in chili and pepper powders. 相似文献
90.
Jozsef Bako Marta Szepesi Adrienn J. Veres Csaba Cserhati Zsuzsa M. Borbely Csaba Hegedus Janos Borbely 《Colloid and polymer science》2008,286(3):357-363
Nanocomposite biocompatible hydrogels (NCHG) were synthesised as model systems for in situ cured potentially local drug delivery
devices for curing periodontal infections. The composite consists of the following components: nanoparticles (NPs), matrix
gel, and chlorhexidine (CHX) as antibacterial drug. The NPs were obtained by free radical initiated copolymerization of the
monomers, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and polyethyleneglycol dimethacrylate (PEGDMA), in aqueous solution. The same
monomers were used to prepare crosslinked matrices by photopolymerization. NCHGs were obtained by mixing NPs, monomers, and
drug in an aqueous solution then crosslinked by photopolymerization. Mechanical properties, swelling behavior, and the kinetics
of drug release have been investigated. It was found that compression strength values increased with increasing ratio of the
crosslinker PEGDMA. Incorporation of NPs into the matrix resulted similar compression strength as the matrix hydrogel. The
hydrated NCHGs swelled more slowly but admitted more water. The drug was incorporated in NPs by swelling in CHX aqueous solution
or added to the solution of monomer mixture followed by photopolymerization. Studies of release kinetics revealed that on
average 60% of the loaded drug was released. The most rapid release was observed over a 24 h period for matrix gels with low
crosslinking density. For NCHGs, the release period exceeded 48 h. An unexpected result was observed for NCHGs without drug
in the NPs. In this case, increasing release was observed for the first 24 h. Thereafter, however, the apparent quantity of
detectable drug decreased dramatically. 相似文献