Cysteine carboxyl O-methylation of human placental 23 kDa protein

C-Terminal carboxyl methylation of a human placental 23 kDa protein catalyzed by membrane-associated methyltransferase has been investigated. The 23 kDa protein substrate methylated was partially purified by DEAE-Sephacel, hydroxyapatite and Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatographies. The substrate protein was eluted on Sephadex G-100 gel filtration chromatography as a protein of about 29 kDa. In the absence of Mg2+, the methylation was stimulated by guanine nucleotides (GTP, GDP and GTPgammaS), but in the presence of Mg2+, only GTPgammaS stimulated the methylation which was similar to the effect on the G25K/rhoGDI complex. AFC, an inhibitor of C-terminal carboxyl methylation, inhibited the methylation of human placental 23 kDa protein. These results suggests that the substrate is a small G protein different from the G25K and is methylated on C-terminal isoprenylated cysteine residue. This was also confirmed by vapor phase analysis. The methylated substrate protein was redistributed to membrane after in vitro methylation, suggesting that the methylation of this protein is important for the redistribution of the 23 kDa small G protein for its putative role in intracellular signaling.     

基于环己酮氧化脱氢构建碳-碳与碳-杂键

环己酮是一种廉价易得的大宗有机化工产品,被广泛用作有机合成反应的原料和中间体。脱氢芳构化是合成功能化芳烃的有效途径,使用环己酮作为反应底物,经过亲核加成、脱水和催化脱氢可以将非芳香的有机分子转化为芳香化合物。与传统的芳基化反应相比,该策略避免了苛刻的反应条件和含卤化合物的生产,克服了化学和区域选择性难以控制的难题,为功能化芳烃的合成提供了一条温和、环保的途径。本文就近年来以环己酮为原料,进行氧化脱氢、直接构建碳-碳和碳-杂键,及通过碳-杂键的形成合成杂环化合物的研究现状进行介绍。     

基于透明质酸的缺氧响应型胶束的制备及性能研究

以透明质酸（HA）及硝基咪唑（NI）衍生物为原料,通过酰胺反应合成了一种两亲性接枝聚合物（HA-NI）.该聚合物具有缺氧响应性和肿瘤靶向性.利用傅里叶红外光谱（FT-IR）和核磁共振（NMR）对接枝聚合物的结构进行了表征,同时基于¹H NMR计算出接枝聚合物中NI的取代度.HA-NI在水中自组装形成胶束,利用动态光散射仪（DLS）表征胶束大小并对胶束的稳定性进行了研究,利用原子力显微镜（AFM）和透射电镜（TEM）观察胶束形貌.载药胶束的载药率（DL）和包封率（EE）通过紫外-可见吸收光谱（UV）测试并计算得到.胶束的缺氧响应性利用DLS、AFM、TEM、UV等探究.实验证明,该聚合物胶束具有缺氧响应性并对药物表现出良好的控制释放能力,在常氧环境下,胶束稳定存在;而在缺氧环境下,胶束散开,药物快速且完全地释放.     

Potassium tert-butoxide-mediated generation of arynes from o-bromoacetophenone derivatives

o-bromoacetophenone derivatives as new versatile aryne precursors are induced to selectively eliminate the C_ArBr and C_ArC_(Ac) bonds in the help of t-BuOK. Furthermore, the active aryne intermediates are successfully applied in a substantial set of reactions including N-arylation and copper-catalyzed coupling with various terminal alkynes. It is important to note that the generation of benzyne intermediate is demonstrated through cycloadditon reaction experiment with furan.     

Synthesis of new di-anchoring organic sensitizer based on quinoxaline acceptor for dye-sensitized solar cells

New quinoxaline-based organic sensitizer bearing di-anchoring group for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) was synthesized from diethyl 4,5-diaminophthaltate, in which was prepared under mild condition by using Takehito’s method. The synthesized sensitizer was compared with mono-anchoring sensitizer through absorption spectra, emission spectra, J-V curve, and IPCE spectra, indicating the di-anchoring group leads to a noticeable improvement of J_sc value owing to more efficient intramolecular charge transfer and channel number increment.     

ZnIn2S4 flowerlike microspheres embedded with carbon quantum dots for efficient photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI)

Development of efficient heterostructured photocatalysts that respond to visible light remains a considerable challenge. We herein show the synthesis of ZnIn₂S₄/carbon quantum dot hybrid photocatalysts with flowerlike microspheres via a facile solvothermal method. The ZnIn₂S₄/carbon quantum dot flowerlike microspheres display enhanced photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical activity compared with that of pure ZnIn₂S₄. With a content of only 0.5 wt % carbon quantum dots, 93% of Cr(VI) is reduced under visible-light irradiation at 40 min. As a co-catalyst, the carbon quantum dots improve the light absorption and lengthen the lifetime of charge carriers, consequently enhancing the photocatalytic and photoelectrochemical activity.     

Computational insight into asymmetric uranyl‐salophen coordinated with α, β‐unsaturated aldehydes and ketones

The study of the catalytic activity and activation mechanism of asymmetric uranyl‐salophens with α, β‐unsaturated aldehydes or α, β‐unsaturated ketones, is a research hotspot. In this paper, the complexes of the uranyl–salophen(U‐S) modified by unilateral benzene, coordinated with cyclohexenone, cyclopentenone and acrolein, were investigated using density functional theory calculations at the level of B3LYP/6‐311G(d, p) basis set. The results showed that the uranyl‐salophen(U‐S) weakened the large π bond between C = C and C = O of the α, β‐unsaturated aldehydes and ketones, making the unsaturated aldehydes and ketones activated. In addition, the molecular‐recognition selectivity of the asymmetrical uranyl‐salophen for cyclohexenone and cyclopentenone were much higher than for acrolein.     

Diastereo‐ and Enantioselective Palladium‐Catalyzed Dearomative [3+2] Cycloaddition of 3‐Nitroindoles

Diastereo‐ and enantioselective cycloaddition of 3‐nitroindoles with vinyl aziridine was realized under Pd‐catalysis using commercially available Walphos as the ligand, affording pyrroloindolines in high yields with high diastereo‐ and enantioselectivities. The reaction can be scaled up to a gram scale and the reaction products are easily converted to amino pyrroloindoline and other pyrroloindoline derivatives.     

Comparison of the Reactivities and Selectivities of Group 9 [Cp*MIII] Catalysts in C−H Functionalization Reactions

Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*)‐based Group 9 metal (Co, Rh, or Ir) catalysts have emerged as powerful tools for C?H functionalization reactions. Whilst a diverse range of organic transformations have been developed by using [Cp*M^III] catalysts, they have often exhibited orthogonal reactivities and varied selectivities that depended on the choice of the central metal atom. An understanding of the physicochemical properties of the metals, as well as of their reaction mechanisms, has led to significant expansion of the synthetic scope of C?H functionalization reactions. This Focus Review summarizes and discusses the comparative catalytic reactivities and selectivities of the [Cp*M^III] catalysts, with an emphasis on metal‐dependent pathway‐switching by considering the mechanistic rationale.     

A Multi‐Stimuli‐Responsive Oxazine Molecular Switch: A Strategy for the Design of Electrochromic Materials

A multi‐state and multi‐stimuli‐responsive oxazine molecular switch that combines an electro‐base property and sensitive base/acid‐responsive properties was designed and synthesized. The multi‐state structures of the molecular switch, with different colors, were predicted by comparing the optical properties with reference molecules and confirmed by using NMR spectroscopy. The color‐switching mechanism under stimulation with acids and bases was investigated by using DFT calculations. Three single states can be obtained and the switching is unidirectional under acid and base stimulation. The electrochromic phenomenon of the molecular switch, which combines its electro‐base and base‐sensitive properties, was demonstrated. An electrochromic device that exhibited good electrochromic properties with excellent reversibility (2000 cycles) and high coloration efficiency (804 cm² C^?1) was successfully constructed.