A preliminary investigation on the topology of Chinese and climate networks

Complex networks have been studied across many fields of science in recent years. In this paper, we give a brief introduction of networks, then follow the original works by Tsonis et al (2004, 2006) starting with data of the surface temperature from 160 Chinese weather observations to investigate the topology of Chinese climate networks. Results show that the Chinese climate network exhibits a characteristic of regular, almost fully connected networks, which means that most nodes in this case have the same number of links, and so-called super nodes with a very large number of links do not exist there. In other words, though former results show that nodes in the extratropical region provide a property of scale-free networks, they still have other different local fine structures inside. We also detect the community of the Chinese climate network by using a Bayesian technique; the effective number of communities of the Chinese climate network is about four in this network. More importantly, this technique approaches results in divisions which have connections with physics and dynamics; the division into communities may highlight the aspects of the dynamics of climate variability.     

532-nm picosecond pulse generated in a passively mode-locked Nd:YVO_4 laser

A diode-pumped continuous-wave （CW） mode-locked Nd：YVO4/KTP green laser with semiconductor saturable absorber mirror （SESAM） is demonstrated. The maximum output power of CW mode-locked green laser is obtained to be 552 mW at the incident pump power of 7.25 W, corresponding to an opticai-optical conversion efficiency of about 7.6%. The 532-nm CW mode-locked pulse duration is estimated to be about 8.4 ps with the repetition rate of 87 MHz.     

Laser diode end-pumped Yb:YAG/LBO green laser

With a type-I critical phase-matching LBO crystal, an intracavity frequency doubled solid-stated Yb:YAG green laser is reported. Using a plano-concave resonator, with pump power of 1.37 W, 24.5 mW TEM₀₀ continuous wave laser at 525 nm was obtained. The optical conversion efficiency is 1.8%. By adjusting the placed angle of LBO, several lasers wavelength from 525.0 to 537.8 nm could be extracted. The maximum output power at 537.8 nm is 3.1 mW.     

6.17-W continuous wave operation of a 2132-nm c-cut Tm,Ho:YAP pumped by a laser diode of 794.3 nm

Continuous wave (CW) operation of a c-cut Tm (5 at %), Ho (0.3 at %):YAP laser at 2132 nm wavelength were reported in this paper. In the temperature of 77 K, the Tm,Ho:YAP crystal was double end-pumped by a 21.4 W fiber-coupled laser diode (LD) at the center wavelength of 794.3 nm. Different resonator lengths and output couplers for the total pump power were tried. The resonator length was 205 mm, and the maximum CW output power of 6.17 W was acquired, corresponding to an optical-optical conversion efficiency of 28.8% and a slope efficiency of 35.6%.     

Facile method for CLSM imaging unfunctionalized Au nanoparticles through fluorescent channels

The microscopic visualization of metal nanoparticles has become a useful tool for the investigation of their applications in cell labeling and the study of their bio-effects. In the current study, we have developed a facile method with confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) to observe unfunctionalized Au nanoparticles through fluorescent channels. The sharp reflected signal and photostable property of the metal nanoparticles makes the present method very ideal for fluorescent co-localization, real-time imaging, and further quantitative analysis. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. Lan Yuan and Wei Wei contributed equally to this study.     

Performance of dispersed Rayleigh interferometer on the active cophasing and alignment testbed

We report the laboratory experiment on a segmented mirror testbed that shows the use of a dispersed Rayleigh interferometer to phase segmented mirrors.Segment alignment of tip-tilt is fulfilled by overlapping diffraction pattern centroids of the three individual segments on the focal plane.A spherical interferometer is introduced to evaluate the performance of piston, tip-tilt sensing, and control closed-loop, and finally a total residual root-mean-square (RMS) surface error of about 45 nm is achieved, in which a typical error of about 20 nm is contributed by piston.These results demonstrate that the dispersed Rayleigh interferometer can successfully sense the piston of segmented mirrors and be used in phasing segmented telescopes under extensive studies.     

Thermal entanglement in a mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ model under a nonuniform external magnetic field

The thermal entanglement in (1/2,1) mixed-spin Heisenberg XXZ model is investigated under an external nonuniform magnetic field. In the uniform magnetic field system, the critical magnetic field B _c and critical temperature T _c are increased by increasing the anisotropic parameter k. The degree of magnetic field b plays an important role in improving the critical temperature and enlarging the region of entanglement in the nonuniform magnetic field system.     

A stable BaCeO3-based proton conductor for solid oxide fuel cells

In order to improve the chemical stability of BaCeO₃, Ti⁴⁺ was introduced into B site of BaCeO₃ to modify the chemical stability. XRD test demonstrates that \textBaC\texte_0.6\textT\texti_0.2\textY_0.2\textO_{3 - d} {\text{BaC}}{{\text{e}}_{0.6}}{\text{T}}{{\text{i}}_{0.2}}{{\text{Y}}_{0.2}}{{\text{O}}_{3 - \delta }} (BCTY) keeps its original pervoskite-type structure at a high doping level of 20%. After exposure in 94% N₂ + 3% CO₂ + 3% H₂O at 700 °C for 10 h, BCTY exhibited adequate chemical stability while decomposition was found in \textBaC\texte_0.8\textY_0.2\textO_{3 - d} {\text{BaC}}{{\text{e}}_{0.8}}{{\text{Y}}_{0.2}}{{\text{O}}_{3 - \delta }} (BCY). Accordingly, the conductivity of BCTY reaches 0.0072 S/cm at 700 °C in humidified hydrogen which is a little lower than BCY (0.0085). Besides, BCTY displayed better sintering characteristics than BCY at high temperatures and the relative density reaches 96.4% and 94.8%, respectively. The two samples also exhibited similar thermal expansion behavior from 30 to 1,000 °C. A fuel cell with BCTY as electrolyte exhibited 244 mW/cm² at 700 °C and the stable short-term performance further proved the stability of BCTY.     

He-BH碰撞体系微分截面的理论计算

用公认精确的密耦近似方法计算了入射能量从25至150 meV时,He原子与基态BH分子碰撞的弹性微分截面、非弹性微分截面和总微分截面,进一步讨论了微分截面的变化趋势及特征.计算结果表明：He-BH碰撞体系的总微分截面具有原子与双原子分子散射的一般规律和特征;随着入射能量的增加,低转动激发态-态微分截面在大角区的散射振荡现象会更加明显. 关键词： He-BH复合物 相互作用势 密耦近似 微分截面     

多光束激光外差高精度测量玻璃厚度的方法

利用基于激光外差测量技术和激光多普勒技术的非接触式多光束激光外差测量方法,得到了光电探测器输出电流的谐波表达式.讨论了该测量方法用于玻璃厚度超精密测量的可行性及理论依据,并利用Matlab软件对不同情况进行了仿真实验.结果表明：该方法在不同入射角时测量平板玻璃厚度最大的误差为0.3%,明显比其他测量方法精度高. 关键词： 外差探测 多光束激光外差 激光多普勒技术 非接触式测量