Synthesis of N-(2-pyridyl)cyanoacetamides and 4-amino-2H-pyrido-[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones from ethyl cyanoacetate and 2-aminopyridine

The reaction of 2-aminopyridine and 2-aminopicolines with ethyl cyanoacetate under high pressures results in the formation of 4-amino-4H-pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones. Depending on the structure of the initial pyridine base, heating of a mixture of the above reagents under low vacuum gives either the same products or their isomeric N-(2-pyridyl)cyanoacetamids. The mutual transformations of the synthesized isomers were studied; it was found that cyanoacetamides are readily cyclized by the action of an alcoholic solution of HCl into pyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-ones, while the latter, during sublimation or heating in DMSO, undergo opening of the pyrimidine ring.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 2107–2113; September, 1990.     

OPTIMUM DESIGN OF ADHESIVE BONDING OFRESIN-BASE COMPOSITES

I.IntroductionThemajorityofproductsofthefiberreinforcedcompositemateria1sareinthin-walIstructure.Themeritsofcompositesmaybefullyplayedbytheadhesivebonding.Theadhesivebondinghasfollowingadvantages:a.thejointofthesameordifferentkindsofmaterialsmayberealized…     

Ultimate strength of postbuckling for simply supported rectangular composite thin plates under compression

1.IntroductionAsiswellthnown,thepostbucklingmetalplatescanbesuccessivelysubjectedtotheload.Forsomemetalplates,theultimatestrengthcanreachthirtytimesofthebucklingstressll].Inordertostudythebearingcapacityofthecompositeplatesthroughtestsandtheoreticalanalysis,f'ttiluretestsofthe283specimensofGFRPthinrectangularplatesundercompres.sionarecarriedout.ItisprovedthattheGFRPplatesinpostbucklingstillhavehigherbearingcapacity,forthetestedspecimensshowedultimatestrengthwhichisfourtotwenty-livetiniesth…     

The Mantel-Haenszel estimator adapted for complex survey designs is not dually consistent

We show via simulation and counterexamples that the Mantel-Haenszel estimator of a common odds ratio, adapted for complex survey designs using survey weights, is inconsistent for sparse-data limiting models. We also propose an alternative estimator that is consistent for sparse-data limiting models satisfying a positivity condition, but not for large-strata limiting models.     

Synthesis of 1-aryl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-9H-pyrido[3,4-b]indoles (1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-β-carbolines) under high pressures

The reactions of aromatic aldehydes with tryptamine (1) in solvents of different polarity were studied. The yields of carbolines in the chosen media decrease with an increase in the donating properties of the aryl substituent, but they markedly increase at a high pressure (5 kbar), especially for compounds with electron-donating aryl groups. The phase transition of dioxane at 5 kbar also sharply increases the yields of the target products.     

Effect of High Pressure on the Kinetics and Mechanism of Thermolysis of Organic Peroxides in Solution

This review analyzes published data and experimental results obtained by the authors concerning the effect of high pressure on the chemical kinetics of thermal decomposition of the main types of organic and organosilicon peroxides in solution. The volume effect of activation was found to depend on the mechanism of peroxide decomposition and on the properties of solvents.