High-voltage capillary zone electrophoresis of red blood cells

The high-voltage wide-bore capillary zone electrophoresis of red blood cells was investigated. The reproducibility of the retention time (electrophoretic mobility) is excellent and the differentiation among various species is good. The peaks in the electropherogram describe the distribution of the size and/or surface charge of the cells and are therefore broad. The relationship between the peak height and the number of cells injected is good, with linear correlation coefficients better than 0.98. Details of the preparation of cell suspensions and support electrolytes are given, which is essential for obtaining reproducible results. The inner surface of FEP capillary tubing is degraded by the application of high voltage and a pause is necessary between successive experiments if good and reproducible peak shapes are to be obtained. The length of the pause increases with the number of experiments made, and finally the tubing becomes useless. Inspection of the inner surface by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed the breakdown of CHF bonds, but the actual mechanism is not known.     

Porous nanocomposites of zirconium dioxide and silicate

Highly porous nanocomposites of zirconium dioxide and silicate are synthesised in an aqueous system from an inorganic salt of zirconium; the nanacomposites, with tailorable pore structures, exhibit superior performance as catalyst supports.     

DFT study on the geometric, electronic structure and Raman spectra of 5,15-diphenylporphine

The ground state geometric, electronic structure and Raman spectra of 5,15-diphenylporphine (H(2)DPP) have been studied using B3LYP/6-31G(d) method and compared with that of well-studied free base porphine (H(2)P) and meso-tetraphenylporphine (H(2)TPP). Calculation shows that 5,15-substitution causes remarkable in-plane distortion, whereas the resulting out-of-plane distortion is negligible. The calculated electronic structure of H(2)DPP is consistent with the absorption spectra compared with H(2)P and H(2)TPP. The calculated vibrational frequencies of H(2)DPP scaled with a single factor of 0.971 agree well with experimental data (the rms error is 8.0 cm(-1)). The assignment of experimental Raman bands of H(2)DPP was discussed on the basis of theoretical calculation and the comparison with that of H(2)P and H(2)TPP. The splitting of some vibrational modes involving the motion of C(m) atom, such as nu(1), nu(8), and nu(10), was observed and was attributed to the diversification of the environment around C(m) atoms. As the shift of absorption peaks, the shift of some structure-sensitive Raman bands of H(2)DPP form that of H(2)TPP and H(2)P was attributed to the in-plane nuclear reorganization (IPNR) induced by phenyl-substitution, though the contribution of nonplanarity mechanism could not be excluded completely.     

Evolution of the interface and metal film morphology in the vapor deposition of Ti on hexadecanethiolate hydrocarbon monolayers on Au

The combination of in situ X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, infrared reflection spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy, and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry are used to probe the nature of the evolving interface chemistry and metal morphology arising from Ti vapor deposition onto the surface of a CH(3)(CH(2))(15)S/Au{111} self-assembled monolayer (SAM) at ambient temperature. The results show that for a deposition rate of approximately 0.15 Ti atom.nm(-2).s(-1) a highly nonuniform Ti overlayer is produced via a process in which a large fraction of impinging Ti atoms do not stick to the bare SAM surface. The adsorbed atoms form isolated Ti clusters and react with CH(3) groups to form carbide products at the cluster-SAM interfaces. Further growth of Ti clusters appears to be concentrated at these scattered reaction centers. The SAM molecules in the local vicinity are subsequently degraded to inorganic products, progressing deeper into the monolayer as the deposition proceeds to give an inorganic/organic nanocomposite. A continuous overlayer does not form until metal coverage approaches approximately 50 Ti atoms per SAM molecule. These data indicate that for applications such as molecular device contacts the use of Ti may be highly problematic, suffering from both a highly nonuniform contact area and the presence of extensive inorganic products such as nonstoichiometric carbides and hydrides.     

SiH2Cl2: ab initio anharmonic force field, dipole moments, and infrared vibrational transitions

The vibrational spectra of SiH2Cl2 have been recorded in the 1000-13,000 cm(-1) region, utilizing the Fourier-transform spectroscopy and Fourier-transform intracavity laser absorption spectroscopy. Totally 61 band centers and intensities are derived from the infrared spectra. An ab initio quartic force field is obtained by applying the second-order Moller-Plesset perturbation theory and correlation-consistent polarized valence triplet-zeta basis sets [J. Chem. Phys. 90, 1007 (1989); 98, 1358 (1993)]. Most observed bands are assigned by the vibration analysis based on the second-order perturbation theory. Reduced-dimensional ab initio dipole moment functions (two dimensional and three dimensional) have also been calculated to investigate the absolute band intensities of the SiH2 chromophore. The calculated values agree reasonably with the observed ones.     

Theoretical studies on vibrational spectra of some halides of Group IIB elements

The vibrational spectra of Group IIB elements halides MX2 and their dimers M2X4 (M=Zn(II), Cd(II) and Hg(II); X=F, Cl, Br and I) have been systematically investigated by ab initio RHF and B3LYP methods with LanL2MB, LanL2DZ and SDD basis sets. The optimized geometries, calculated vibrational frequencies are evaluated via comparison with the experimental data. The vibrational frequencies, calculated by these methods with different basis sets, are compared to each other too. The best results can be obtained by RHF/SDD method, with this method, the deviations for MX2 and Hg2X4 are <7%. Some vibrational frequencies of M2X4 that have not been experimentally reported are also predicted.     

Multiplicative posets

A functionf from the posetP to the posetQ is a strict morphism if for allx, y P withx we havef(x). If there is such a strict morphism fromP toQ we writeP Q, otherwise we writeP Q. We say a posetM is multiplicative if for any posetsP, Q withP M andQ M we haveP ×Q M. (Here (p ₁,q ₁)<(p ₂,q ₂) if and only ifp ₁<p ₂ andq ₁<q ₂.) This paper proves that well-founded trees with height are multiplicative posets.This research was supported in part by NSERC Grant #69-1325.     

A note on Littlewood-Paley inequality for arbitrary intervals in\mathbb{R}^{n*}

Using the extension of Journé's covering lemma to higher dimensional spaces due to J. Pipher and our observation, we present a simple proof of the boundedness of the Littlewood-Paley operator Δ in for 2≤p<∞ and n≥3. The project Supported by NSFC.