An enantioselective Michael addition of malonate to nitroalkenes catalyzed by low loading demethylquinine salts in water

An enantioselective Michael addition of malonate to nitroalkenes is efficiently catalyzed by low loading demethylquinine salts in water; the yield range from 49% to 93% and the ee up to 90%.     

A NOTE ON FULLER'S THEOREM

In 1972, Fuller proved that a complete additive subeategory _RC of R-Mod isequivalent to amodule category ⊿-Mod if and only if _RC=Gen(_RU)for some quasiprogenerator _RU and ⊿≌End _RU canonically. In this note the author gives a characterization of _RC which makes _RU a projective R-module in the case when R is a right perfect ring with identity, and shows that R-Mod is the unique complete additive subcategory of R-Mod which is equivalent to R-Mod for a left Artinian ring R.     

Characterization of heat-assisted magnetic probe recording on CoNi/Pt multilayers

A method of heat-assisted magnetic recording (HAMR) potentially suitable for probe-based storage systems is characterized. In this work, field emission current from a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip is used as the heating source. Pulse voltages of 2–7 V were applied to a CoNi/Pt multilayered film fabricated on either bare silicon or oxidized silicon substrates. Different types of Ir/Pt and W STM tips were used in the experiment. The results show that thermally recorded magnetic marks are formed with a nearly uniform mark size of 170 nm on the film fabricated on bare silicon substrate when the pulse voltage is above a threshold voltage. The mark size becomes 260 nm when they are written on the identical film fabricated on an oxidized silicon substrate. The threshold voltage depends on the material work function of the tip, with W having a threshold voltage about 1 V lower than Pt. A synthesized model, which contains the calculation of the emission current, the simulation of heat transfer during heating, and the study of magnetic domain formation, was introduced to explain experimental results. The simulation agrees well with the experiments.     

第Ⅰ种强度不对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场N次方Y压缩—第一正交相位分量的压缩情况

根据量子力学中的线性叠加原理,构造了由三个强度不等的多模相干态光场|{Z_j^(A)}>_q、|{Z_j^(B)}>_q和|{Z_j^(C)}>_q的线性叠加所组成的第Ⅰ种强度不对称三态叠加多模叠加态光场|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q.利用多模压缩态理论,研究了态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的第一正交方分量(即磁场分量)的广义非线性等幂次N次方Y压缩特性.结果发现:①在上述各多模相干态光场中各模的强度和各模的初始相位各不相等的情况下,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的第一正交分量-磁场分量在一定的条件下,总可呈现出周期性变化的、任意等幂次的N次方Y压缩效应;②当上述各多模相干态光场的强度和各模的初始相位相等时,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q的磁场分量的N次方Y压缩现象消失,态|ψ_l^(ABC)>_q可恒处于等幂次N-Y最小测不准态.     

闪光Ⅰ号应用于X射线爆轰照相——研究金属射流的穿甲效应

闪光X射线照相技术是研究动载荷及其效应的重要测试手段,特别适用于研究物质在爆炸作用下的瞬变过程,本文介绍了闪光Ⅰ号加速器应用于X射线爆轰照相的基本状况,以及用于观察金属射流穿过高密度物质钨靶的实验技术。     

Frequent oscillation in a nonlinear partial difference equation

This paper is concerned with a class of nonlinear delay partial difference equations with variable coefficients, which may change sign. By making use of frequency measures, some new oscillatory criteria are established. This is the first time oscillation of these partial difference equations is discussed by employing frequency measures.      

在对称群Sm中解循环方程组

本文研究了在对称群S_m中解循环方程组:x_mX_(m+1)…x_(ω+k-1)σ_m,其中σ_m∈S_m,ω=1,2,…,s,确定了这个循环方程组有解的充分必要条件和解的个数,而且给出了求解过程。     

ROOM TEMPERATURE LIGHT-THERMO-DETECTOR MADE OF HIGH-Tc SUPERCONDUCTOR

Based on the anisotropic Seebeck tensor coefficients, a light-thermo-radiation detector made of high-T_c superconductor (YBa₂Cu₃O_7-δ) was fabricated, which can function at room temperature. The induced voltaic signals at various modulation frequencies for radiation from He-Ne laser and from a 500 K black body were measured. The noise ratio for detecting He-Ne laser radiation and the D^* for black body were evaluated. Compared with bolometer made of high-T_c superconductor which functions at liquid nitrogen, and with pyroelectric detector, it was found that the advantages of this new device are that the device can work at room temperature with very low noise and very fast response. Although having a lower D^* value than that of bolometer for the present device construction, we point out the possibility and the direction for improving the D^* value, hence the promising prospect of this kind of device.     

苯对N,N-二甲基甲酰胺化合物1H NMR的影响研究

本文研究了N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)在四氯化碳和苯混合溶剂中的¹H NMR。观察到N,N-二甲基甲酰胺(DMF)分子中两个甲基和混合溶剂中苯的共振吸收峰的化学位移随苯的摩尔分数增加而逐渐移向高场,而且两个甲基共振吸收峰向高场移动的程度不同,α甲基较β甲基为甚。DMF分子中两个甲基和混合溶剂中苯的化学位移可以用线性方程表示(δ=A+Bx),这里x是混合溶剂中苯的摩尔分数。相关系数R接近于-1。     

取代基效应(SCS)与乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物的序列结构Ⅲ.定量分析

本文在分析乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物序列结构时,把代表共单体反接单元的亚甲基(CH₂)βγ和γδ分别归属给了二元组VV和三元组EEV。与此同时,CH₂-δδ和δδ⁺归属给了二元组EE。表征乙烯长序列的CH₂-δ⁺δ⁺分属二元组EE和三元组EEE,对应峰强度在EE和EEE之间的分配是处理序列分布的关键。在本文中运用序列结构的Bovey关系和Randall统计进行演算,求得了修正值△的数学表达式,严格解和近似解。在规则链条件下得到的近似解与G.J.Ray的结果完全相同。当共单体含量较少时,谱峰强度Iδ⁺δ⁺的分配接近相等。在二元组和三元组的水平上,乙烯-α-稀烃共聚物的¹³C NMR谱中共有十三个峰,属于CH₂的有十个,属于CH的有三个。利用这些谱峰的强度数据可以建立一套计算公式,由此提供共聚物序列结构的全部信息。因此这是一个研究乙烯-α-烯烃共聚物序列结构的普适方法。