Analytical Detectors Based on Microplasma Spectrometry

Miniaturizing all dimensions of apparatus, such as electronics and computers, is the current trend followed by scientists in various fields. The idea of Lab-on-a-Chip has significantly expanded and found its broad applications in analytical chemistry. Microplasmas can act as a sample excitation source and are the miniaturized versions of full-sized plasmas. These can be created in various forms, such as direct current, microwave induced, capacitively coupled and inductively coupled plasmas. Scaling down the size would reduce the amount of gases, liquids and consumables required, as well as the sample analysis time, which in turn would decrease the operating costs. Therefore, several research groups are involved in the development of microplasmas for utilisation in analytical instruments.     

纸张上光油关键物质的成分分析

利用色相色谱／质谱联用技术，傅立叶红外及裂解－气相色谱／质谱联用技术，对印刷用上光油的关键成分进行了分析，共鉴定出７种挥发性组分，２种高分子聚合物。     

均相催化剂催化合成碳酸亚丙酯

分别就单组为催化剂和双组分催化剂对二氧化碳与环氧丙烷合成碳酸亚丙酯的催化活性进行了研究。实验结果表明，在单组分催化体系中，相转移催化剂，如十六烷基三甲基漠化按、四丁基演化铵对上述酯化反应具有较高的催化活性此外，盐酸羟胺、三苯基磷也有一定的催化活性；在双组分催化体系中，KI／PEG（聚乙二醇）体系具有很高的催化活性，能在较短时间内、较低的压力下高产率地得到碳酸亚丙酯，而某些金属盐、有机碱、季接盐的适当红合，也能有效地催化该反应。     

稀土萘乙酸邻菲绕啉三元配合物的合成和表征

合成了6种稀土(RE)-萘乙酸(NAA)-邻菲绕啉(Phen)固体配合物,其通式为RE(NAA)_3·Phen(RE=Y,La,Nd,Sm,Eu,Er)。通过元素分析,摩尔电导,IR,UV-Vis,H-NMR,XPS和TG-DTA分析,研究了配合物组成、性质及稀土离子与配体间的成键特性。     

Interference by neutron induced second order nuclear reaction in activation analysis of platinum group elements after a nickel sulphide fire assay preconcentration

In determining the trace platinum group elements and gold in rocks and ores by the neutron activation analysis after a nickel sulphide fire assay preconcentration, there are interferences due to nuclides produced from second order nuclear reactions. This paper presents the degree of interference calculated over the ranges of long irradiation times and of reactor neutron flux from 1·10¹³ to 1·10¹⁵ n·cm^–2·s^–1. According to the results of these calculations, every one of the second order interfering reactions on the PGE+Au, except the¹⁹⁷Au(n, )¹⁹⁸Au(n, )¹⁹⁹Au reaction, can be neglected under the long irradiation time or high reactor neutron flux. Special attention is given to the interference from gold in the determining platinum.