A Minor New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Delphinium Souliei Franch

Inourpreviouspapers1-3,wehavereportedtheisolationandelucidationofaseriesofnewditerpenoidalkaloidsfromtheaerialpartofDelphiniumsoulieiFranch.Inthisstudy,phytochemcalinvestigationsontheconstituentsoftherootsofthisplanthaveledtotheisolationofaminornewditerpenoidalkaloidsoulidine.A Minor New Diterpenoid Alkaloids from the Roots of Delphinium Souliei Franch1. K. Zhang, L. He, X. Pan, YZ. Chen Planta Med, 1998, 64(6), 580. 2. L. He, Y J. Pan, X. Pan, B. G. Li, Y Z. Chen Chin. Chem.…     

脂肪族酰胺二元醇的合成与表征

以ＤＬ－乳酸、ε己内酯及乙二胺和己二胺为原料合成了四种结构的脂肪族酰胺二元醇，并用ＩＲ，＾１ＨＮＭＲ，ＤＳＣ对酰胺二元醇的结构进行了表征。     

Effects of double substitution on the thermodynamic stabilities of nitrogen radicals

Ｓｔｕｄｉｅｓｏｎｋｉｎｅｔｉｃｓｏｆｒａｄｉｃａｌｒｅａｃｔｉｏｎｓ[1]ａｎｄｏｎＣＨｂｏｎｄｄｉｓｓｏｃｉａｔｉｏｎｅｎｅｒｇｉｅｓ(ＢＤＥ)[2]ｈａｖｅｓｈｏｗｎｔｈａｔｃａｒｂｏｎｒａｄｉｃａｌｓａｒｅｓｔａｂｉｌｉｚｅｄｂｙｅｉｔｈｅｒａｎｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｄｏｎａｔｉｎｇｇｒｏｕｐ(ＥＤＧ)ｏｒａｎｅｌｅｃｔｒｏｎｗｉｔｈｄｒａｗｉｎｇｇｒｏｕｐ(ＥＷＧ),ａｎｄｔｈａｔｉｆａｃａｒｂｏｎｒａｄｉｃａｌｉｓｓｕｂｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｄｗｉｔｈｂｏｔｈａｎＥＤＧａｎｄａｎＥＷＧａｔｔｈｅｓａｍｅｃｅｎ…     

O-H and O-D stretching vibrations in isotopically dilute HDO molecules in some solid hydrates

Vibrational frequencies v_OH and v_OD have been measured for isotopically-dilute HDO molecules in eleven solid hydrates at 90 K. The results have been used to prepare a plot of the ratio v_OH/v_OD versus v_OH. The ratios fall on a smooth curve and decrease with decreasing frequencies v_OH. The anharmonicity constants ω_ex_e have been estimated. They were found to increase with decreasing v_OH.     

P, p, T Surfaces of real gases and the Riemann-Hugoniot catastrophe

Analysing experimentally determined P, ?, T data of N₂, ethylene, propene, CO₂ and Xe by a new mathematical technique, we present evidence that their isothermal pressure-density dependence exhibits behaviour characteristic of a Riemann-Hugoniot catastrophe, in analogy to a van der Waals gas for above and sub critical isotherms.     

Four levels of pattern recognition

Problems of pattern recognition in chemistry and other subjects can be divided conveniently into four different types depending on the level of scope of the problem.(1) Classification into one of a number of defined classes. As an example blood samples taken from persons known to be either controls or welders are considered. The problem is whether trace element concentrations in these samples contain information on whether or not a person is a welder.(2) Level 1 plus the possibility that an object is an outlier, i.e. does not belong to any of the defined classes. As an example, the üse of ¹³C-n.m.r. data to decide whether 2-substituted norbornanes have the exo or endo structure is discussed. (2A) Level 2, asymmetric. This situation occurs when one class does not have a systematic structure, but another class is homogeneous and can be described by a level 2 model. This occurs in the classification of materials or compounds as good or bad, active or inactive, and in binary classifications. As an example the use of trace element data to classify steel samples as having good or poor properties of strength is discussed.(3) Level 2 plus the ability to relate the variables measured to external properties of continuous character. As an example, the classification of a series of chemical compounds as β -receptor blockers, β -receptor stimulants, or neither, on the basis of their structural variables is discussed. In addition, relations between these structural variables and the measured biological activity are sought within each of the two classes.(4) Level 3 with the difference that several external property variables in the objects are measured. It may be desirable to use variables of the objects both for classification and for relations to several property variables: such examples are numerous in analytical chemistry.     

Activation-analysis investigation of the behaviour of biological trace elements during wound healing: The roles of calcium and iron

Summary Instrumental neutron-activation analysis was used for the determination of Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mo, Ag, Sb, and Hg. Blood and tissue samples of 70 mg each were analysed and, from these, changes in the concentrations of calcium, iron, and zinc in affected tissue were established. In this article the results of the behaviour of calcium and iron are reported. The calcium concentration of the fracture haematoma blood (FHB) is about 20 times higher than that of arterial or venous blood (rabbits). The level and the change with time of the calcium concentration in FHB-deposits (rabbits) can be explained by the participation of calcium in the haemolysis of the erythrocytes of the FHB which has been injected for the formation of the deposits. The behaviour of the iron in the FHB-deposits is in agreement with this explanation. The change in calcium concentration in the crust of punch-hole wounds in the skin (rats) can be attributed to the mobilization of calcium for fibrin formation. As a reason for the level and the change with time of the iron concentration in the tissue in the area of fascia and muscle incision wounds (rabbits) the participation of iron in the formation of collagen is discussed. From comparison of the behavoiur of the iron in the FHB-deposits with that in the area of incision wounds it follows that iron enrichments in the area of a complication-free wound are not predominantly caused by a wound haematoma.

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Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen erfolgten mit Hilfe der instrumentellen Neutronenaktivierungsanalyse. Das Verfahren war für die Erfassung der Gehalte an Ca, Cr, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, Mo, Ag, Sb und Hg ausgelegt. Es wurden Blut bzw. Gewebeproben von jeweils etwa 70 mg analysiert und dabei Änderungen der Calcium-, Eisen- und Zinkgehalte des betroffenen Gewebes festgestellt. In diesem Artikel wird über das Verhalten des Calciums und Eisens berichtet. Der Calciumgehalt des Frakturhämatombluts (FHB) ist etwa 20mal höher als der von arteriellem oder venösem Blut (Kaninchen). Höhe und zeitlicher Verlauf der Calciumgehalte von FHB-Depots (Kaninchen) lassen sich mit der Beteiligung des Calciums an der Hämolyse der Erythrozyten des FHB erklären, das zur Bildung der Depots injiziert wurde. Das Verhalten des Eisens in den FHB-Depots stimmt mit dieser Erklärung überein. Der Verlauf der Calciumgehalte des Schorfes von Hautstanzwunden (Ratten) kann auf die Mobilisierung von Calcium für die Fibrinbildung zurückgeführt werden. Als Ursache für Höhe und zeitlichen Verlauf der Eisengehalte des Gewebes im Bereich von Faszie- und Muskelschnittwunden (Kaninchen) wird die Beteiligung des Eisens an der Kollagenbildung diskutiert. Aus dem Vergleich des Verhaltens des Eisens in FHB-Depots und im Bereich von Schnittwunden folgt, daß die Eisenanreicherungen im Bereich einer komplikationslosen Schnittwunde nicht vorwiegend durch ein Wundhämatom bedingt sind.

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Auszug aus der Dissertation des Herrn Danilo Boani, Technische Universität München. This work was supported by the Bundesministerium für Forschung und Technologie and the Fonds der Chemischen Industrie, and the paper was presented at the International Symposium on Microchemical Techniques, Davos, May 1977.     

磷钼钒杂多酸在苯直接羟化反应中的催化作用——O2活化机理的探讨

磷钼钒杂多酸在有供电子体存在下具有活化氧和使苯直接羟化的催化性能。以抗坏血酸和亚硫酸钠为还原剂的实验表明不同的还原体系吸氧动力学和羟化活性不同。根据氧化还原滴定、循环伏安法、电解还原羟化反应以及光谱实验等测定结果, 对这两个不同体系提出了各自可能的氧的活化机理。认为在以抗坏血酸为还原剂的情况下, 杂多酸阴离子通过三电子传递过程直接络合氧, 氧与阴离子形成中间络合物为控制步骤。在以亚硫酸钠为还原剂的情况下, 供电子体可能先与阴离子络合活化, 直接参与氧的活化过程, 供电子体与阴离子的还原络合为控制步骤。     

Hydrogen bond studies: Part 118. A deuteron magnetic resonance study of BeSO4· 4D2O and Li2SO4· D2O

The electric field gradient (EFG) tensors at the deuterons in the water molecules in BeSO₄ · 4D₂O at 25°C are reported. The quadrupole coupling constants (e²Q/h) and asymmetry parameters (η) for the two independent deuterons are 181.1(4) and 194.8(3) kHz, and 0.226(4) and 0.123(3), respectively. The EFG tensor corresponding to the smallest e²qQ/h is considerably distorted by the beryllium ion, which causes a high η value as well as a deviation of the y-principal axis by 21.8(6)° from the normal to the water molecule plane. A redetermination of the EFG tensors at the deuterons in the water molecule in Li₂SO₄ · D₂O at 25°C and ?110°C is also reported. The e²Q/h and η values for the two deuterons are 236.6(1.2) and 239.8(1.1) kHz, and 0.091(8) and 0.126(7), respectively, at ?110°C. The corresponding e²qQ/h and η values for the averaged EFG tensor at 25°C are 125.8(1.1) kHz and 0.813(13), respectively. The results are in good agreement with those from the pioneer work by Ketudat and Pound, 20 years ago on the same compound.