First-principles study of martensitic phase transformation of TiRh alloy

Geometric structures and atomic positions were studied with plane wave pseudo-potential method based on density functional theory for cubic, tetragonal, and monoclinic phases of TiRh alloy. Their phonon dispersion curves were obtained with frozen phonon method at harmonic approximation using density-functional perturbation theory. Our calculations revealed that both B2 and L1₀ phases are thermodynamically unstable. Jahn-Teller effect triggers the occurrence of Bain transformation from cubic to tetragonal phase, and then soft-mode phonon further leads to the transition from tetragonal to monoclinic phase on cooling. The monoclinic phase was predicted to be P2/m space group through atomic vibrational movement along [001] direction of virtual frequency modes of L1₀ phase. The temperature from B2 to L1₀ and then to P2/m were predicted to be about T=1100.53 K and T=324.48 K through free energy calculations with the electronic plus vibrational energy of formation, respectively, which is in good agreement with experimental observations.     

两级中冷回热再热布雷顿热电联产装置的性能

应用有限时间热力学理论和方法建立了恒温热源不可逆两级中冷回热再热布雷顿热电联产装置模型,基于分析的观点,导出了装置无量纲输出率和效率的解析式。在给定总压比的情形下,通过数值计算分别研究了输出率和效率与两个中冷压比和两个再热压比的关系,当总压比变化时,发现输出率和效率对总压比存在最大值,并分别求出了两个相应的最佳的中冷压比和再热压比。分析了回热度、中冷度、再热度、压气机和涡轮机效率、压降损失等特征参数对装置性能的影响。最后发现分别存在最佳的用户侧温度使输出率和效率取得双重最大值。     

Structure and Dynamics of Ethanol Adsorbed on a Mica Surface

The structural and dynamic properties of nanoscale ethanol film on a mica surface are investigated via molecular dynamics simulations.We observe a dense,almost flat ethanol bilayer formed in the vicinity of the mica surface,with the hydrophobic alkyl groups pointing outward from the surface.Remarkably,such ethanol bilayer is laterally well-ordered with patterned adsorption sites.Each ethanol molecule in the first layer donates one hydrogen bond to the surface basal oxygen atoms and accepts one hydrogen bond from that in the second layer.The ethanol molecules within the bilayer exhibit constrained lateral mobility and delayed dynamics as compared with bulk ethanol,whereas those on top of the bilayer have bulk-like characteristics.     

Reconstruction of physics objects at the Circular Electron Positron Collider with Arbor

After the Higgs discovery, precise measurements of the Higgs properties and the electroweak observables become vital for the experimental particle physics. A powerful Higgs/Z factory, the Circular Electron Positron Collider (CEPC) is proposed. The Particle Flow oriented detector design is proposed to the CEPC and a Particle Flow algorithm, Arbor is optimized accordingly. We summarize the physics object reconstruction performance of the Particle Flow oriented detector design with Arbor algorithm and conclude that this combination fulfills the physics requirement of CEPC.     

NEPCⅡ新电子枪热结构分析与测试

北京正负电子对撞机重大改造工程(BEPCⅡ)要求其直线注入器提供更高的能量和流强, 为此必须设计大电流和小发射度的新电子枪, 以提高正电子的产额. 利用ANSYS对BEPCⅡ新电子枪的温度场分布及结构的热变形进行了模拟分析. 对于电子枪复杂的内部结构形态以及能量转换方式, 分析了传导传热方式对温度场的影响. 在此基础上进行了温度场与结构变形的耦合分析, 利用EGUN对电子枪形变前后束流光学特性进行模拟分析, 并对模拟结果与试验 测试结果进行了分析比较.     

原子光谱和X射线衍射研究禄丰恐龙化石与围岩特征

迄今为止,禄丰老长箐是世界挖掘恐龙化石较多、涵盖时间最长(含有早、中两个侏罗纪的化石)的地区。老长箐恐龙化石的发掘,为古生物研究提供了得天独厚的实验基地。文章首次对该地区3个不同层位的恐龙化石及其围岩的成分和结构做了初步分析。首先采用原子发射光谱分析,发现化石及土样中的含钙量均较高(＞5%);但硅元素的含量则差别较大,在化石中的含硅量较低(3%～8%),围岩中的含硅量较高(＞10%);化石中的含磷量也较高。X射线能谱的进一步分析发现,化石中的主要化学成分是CaCO₃(66%), 其次是SiO₂(17%);围岩中的主要成分是SiO₂(＞80%),其次是CaCO₃(12%)。此外还发现,化石和围岩的最大区别是,化石中含有氟磷酸钙,而围岩中没有该成分。这一点可以作为鉴别伪化石的一个重要特征。文章为化石的鉴别、为人类研究禄丰老长箐恐龙的生态和演化提供了一定的实验依据。     

临边成像光谱仪的发展现状与进展

介绍了临边观测模式的探测原理及其特点,给出了美国、欧洲等发达国家关于临边成像光谱仪的研究状况,并列出了各临边成像光谱仪的核心设计方案及具体的技术指标。最后,介绍了国内唯一一例临边成像光谱仪的开展情况,包括设计方案到技术指标。通过对比分析国内外临边成像光谱仪的研究进展,为我国进一步提高临边成像光谱仪的性能及技术指标提供了理论基础。     

Temperature dependence of interband transition energy in InGaAsN strain-compensated quantum-well and ridge-waveguide lasers fabricated with pulsed anodic oxidation

Ridge-waveguide InGaAsN triple-quantum-well strain-compensated lasers grown by metal organic chemical vapor deposition were fabricated with pulsed anodic oxidation. The laser’s output power reached 145 mW in continuous-wave mode at room temperature for a 4-?m -stripe-width laser. Continuous-wave single longitudinal mode operation was maintained at a high injection current level with a wavelength of 1287.3 nm at room temperature. Single longitudinal mode operation at 1317.2 nm was achieved at twice the threshold current at 100 °C. The band gap of InGaAsN in the quantum wells at different temperatures was calculated and compared to the measured temperature-dependent laser wavelength.     

Study of three rotating radio transients with FAST

Rotating radio transients(RRATs) are peculiar astronomical objects whose emission mechanism remains under investigation.In this paper, we present observations of three RRATs, J1538+2345, J1854+0306 and J1913+1330, carried out with the Fivehundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope(FAST). Specifically, we analyze the mean pulse profiles and temporal flux density evolutions of the RRATs. Owing to the high sensitivity of FAST, the derived burst rates of the three RRATs are higher than those in previous reports. RRAT J1854+0306 exhibited a time-dynamic mean pulse profile, whereas RRAT J1913+1330 showed distinct radiation and nulling segments on its pulse intensity trains. The mean pulse profile variation with frequency is also studied for RRAT J1538+2345 and RRAT J1913+1330, and the profiles at different frequencies could be well fitted with a cone-core model and a conal-beam model, respectively.     

基于M-Z干涉的光纤围栏系统实验研究

对基于M-Z干涉技术的光纤围栏系统进行了实验研究.讨论并分析了M-Z干涉技术在光纤围栏系统中的应用原理.利用M-Z干涉技术和互相关技术,在总计60 km的光纤上进行了单点和两点扰动的原理性实验.在采样速率为20 MHz时,理论上最高可达10 m的定位准确度.