Separation of spin angular momentum in space-variant linearly polarized beam

We show that the spin angular momentum (SAM) flux in a space-variant linearly polarized beam can be separated in the focal plane. Such a beam carries only orbital angular momentum (OAM) and develops a net SAM flux upon focusing. The radial splitting of the SAM flux density is mediated by the phase vortex (or OAM) and can be controlled by the topological charge of the phase vortex. Optical trapping experiments verify the separation of the SAM flux density. The proposed approach enriches the manipulation of the angular momentum of light fields and inspires more designs of focus engineering, which would benefit optical micromanipulation of microscopic particles.     

Preparation and photocatalytic activity of magnetic samarium-doped mesoporous titanium dioxide at the decomposition of methylene blue under visible light

Preparation of samarium-doped mesoporous titanium dioxide (Sm/MTiO₂) coated magnetite (Fe₃O₄) photocatalysts (Sm/MTiO₂/Fe₃O₄) and their activities under visible light were reported. The catalysts with Sm/MTiO₂ shell and a Fe₃O₄ core were prepared by coating photoactive Sm/MTiO₂ onto a magnetic Fe₃O₄ core through the hydrolysis of tetrabutyltitanate (Ti(OBu)₄, TBT) with precursors of Sm(NO₃)₃ and TBT in the presence of Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. The morphological, structural and optical properties of the prepared samples were characterized by BET surface area, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-vis absorption spectroscopy. The effect of Sm ion content on the photocatalytic activity was studied. The photocatalytic activities of obtained photocatalysts under visible light were estimated by measuring the decomposition rate of methylene blue (MB, 50 mg/L) in an aqueous solution. The results showed that the prepared photocatalyst was activated by visible light and used as effective catalyst in photooxidation reactions. In addition, the possibility of cyclic usage of the prepared photocatalyst was also confirmed. Moreover, Sm/MTiO₂ was tightly bound to Fe₃O₄ and could be easily recovered from the medium by a simple magnetic process. It can therefore be potentially applied for the treatment of water contaminated by organic pollutants.     

Photocatalytic Activity of Fe and Ce Co‐doped Mesoporous TiO2 Catalyst under UV and Visible Light

The catalysts of un‐doped, single‐doped and co‐doped mesoporous titanium dioxide (MTiO₂) were prepared by a template method with tetrabutyltitanate (Ti(OC₄H₉)₄) as a Ti source material and Pluronic P123 as a template. The photo‐absorbance of the obtained catalysts was measured by UV‐vis absorption spectroscopy, and the photocatalytic activities of the prepared samples under UV and visible light were estimated by measuring the degradation rate of methyl orange (MO) (50 mg/L) in an aqueous solution. It was shown that the co‐doped MTiO₂ could be activated by visible light and could thus be used as an effective catalyst in photo‐oxidation reactions. The effect of Fe and Ce co‐dopants on the material properties was investigated by X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and N₂ adsorption‐desorption isotherm measurement. The characterizations indicated that the photocatalysts possessed a homogeneous pore diameter of ca. 10 nm with high surface area of ca. 150 m²/g. The photocatalytic activity of MTiO₂ co‐doped with Fe and Ce was markedly improved due to the synergistic actions of the two dopants.     

染料茜素红电解过程分析

用覆盖ＳｎＯ２／Ｓｂ２Ｏ３活怀层的钛作阳极,对染料茜素红水溶液进行电降解,测定了不同ｐＨ值下、不同电解时间的紫外可见吸收光谱,并用主成分分析、潜交量投影、遗传算法以及渐进因子分析先进化学计量学方法解析得到中间型体的动力学曲线和纯光谱,最后对茜素红水溶液电降解的机理做了初步探索。     

酸度分布-吸收光谱法用于灰色体系中食用色素的定量分析

利用合成色素随ｐＨ变化的人分布分数曲线和吸收光谱构成两维波谱信息,建立了灰色体系中色素的定量分析方法。约束背景双线性分解法（ＣＢＢＬ）结合数值遗传算法（ＮＧＡ）用于两维矩阵的数据处理。推导了型体总数与两维矩阵的有效秩之间的关系。吸光度矩阵的主成分数根据残余矩阵的残差平方和噪声水平相比较 确定,对标准样品及模拟灰色体系样品的研究表明该法确定的主成分数与理论值一致。对胭脂红、日落黄和柠檬黄的模拟灰色休     

金华市城市污水处理厂污泥成分及农用价值分析

为确定金华市城市污水处理厂污泥资源化利用途径,对金华市某污水处理厂的脱水污泥进行了采样和成分分析.结果表明,所有污泥为中性,pH 6.89,含水率较高75%;污泥中有机质、氮、磷、钾含量丰富;污泥中重金属的含量较低,均符合国家农用污泥中污染物控制标准.以此为基础对污泥的农用价值及其应用前景作了分析和展望.     

基于单(6-巯基-6-去氧)-β-环糊精修饰金电极对L-半胱氨酸的快速灵敏检测

将单(6-巯基-6-去氧)-β-环糊精(HS-β-CD)通过金硫键自组装在金电极(GE)表面,构建了一种简单、快速、灵敏的超分子识别L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)的电位型电化学传感器。通过循环伏安法和交流阻抗法研究了膜表面的电化学行为;通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)表征了电极表面的膜组装效果,其作用机制是固定在金电极表面的HS-β-CD空穴可通过分子间作用力吸附结合带负电的L-Cys,使电极表面的膜电位发生改变,导致对L-Cys的超分子选择性识别作用,从而实现对L-Cys的定量分析。在优化的实验条件下,该电极在pH=6. 0的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中对L-Cys有良好的电位响应性能,线性范围为1. 0×10^-7～1. 0×10^-4mol/L,斜率为(-65. 29±1. 0) mV/pc(25℃),检测下限达到6. 0×10^-8mol/L;电极响应速度快、稳定性和重现性好、抗干扰能力强。将该电极用于实际猪血清和猪尿液样品中L-Cys含量的测定,回收率为95. 0%～104. 7%,表明该新型电极在生命科学等...     

Radical copolymerization of maleimide with ethyl α‐ethylacrylate and α‐ethylacrylic acid via RAFT

The copolymerization of maleimide (MI) with α‐ethylacrylic acid (EAA) and with ethyl α‐ethylacrylate (EEA) in the presence of 2‐phenylprop‐2‐yl dithiobenzoate (PPDB) was investigated. The copolymerization of MI and EAA was difficult to conduct with the reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) mechanism because reinitiation of expelled radicals by fragmentation chain transfer was inhibited by the association of EAA in polar solvent and the strong interaction of the imino of MI with the carboxyl of EAA between the propagation chains. When the carboxylic group of EAA was esterified, then the copolymerization went well via RAFT, and alternating copolymers with controlled molecular weight were obtained. Combining by electron spin resonance showed a different result. It was found that before 30% of the comonomer conversion had occurred, the copolymer poly(EEA‐co‐MI) showed increasing molecular weight with the conversion and a rather narrow molecular weight distribution; then the molecular weight of the copolymer began to retard. This phenomenon of retardation was aggravated at high temperature. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 42: 3828–3835, 2004     

On S-Shaped Bifurcation Curves for a Class of Perturbed Semilinear Equations

By making use of bifurcation analysis and continuation method, the authors discuss the exact number of positive solutions for a class of perturbed equations. The nonlinearities concerned are the so-called convex-concave functions and their behaviors may be asymptotic sublinear or asymptotic linear. Moreover, precise global bifurcation diagrams are obtained.