小孔等离子体运动实验方法

在间接驱动惯性约束聚变的黑腔中,辐射烧蚀的高Z等离子体的流体力学运动过程对激光注入黑腔的效率、辐射场均匀性和通过诊断口的黑腔辐射温度诊断都有显著影响。为研究诊断口在黑腔辐射场中的等离子体缩口过程,用激光产生X光辐射加热低Z泡沫填充的金黑腔诊断口,以激光辐照钛平面靶产生的2～5 keV高能段窄能区X光作为背光源,用X光分幅相机获得了源靶和小孔靶两种靶型的小孔等离子体运动过程图像,研究了X光烧蚀的小孔等离子体的流体力学运动过程,探索了定量测量小孔等离子体面密度的空间分布与时间演化过程的实验诊断方法,初步给出小孔等离子体的面密度。     

Unveiling the Layer‐Dependent Catalytic Activity of PtSe2 Atomic Crystals for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction

Two‐dimensional (2D) PtSe₂ shows the most prominent layer‐dependent electrical properties among various 2D materials and high catalytic activity for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), and therefore, it is an ideal material for exploring the structure–activity correlations in 2D systems. Here, starting with the synthesis of single‐crystalline 2D PtSe₂ with a controlled number of layers and probing the HER catalytic activity of individual flakes in micro electrochemical cells, we investigated the layer‐dependent HER catalytic activity of 2D PtSe₂ from both theoretical and experimental perspectives. We clearly demonstrated how the number of layers affects the number of active sites, the electronic structures, and electrical properties of 2D PtSe₂ flakes and thus alters their catalytic performance for HER. Our results also highlight the importance of efficient electron transfer in achieving optimum activity for ultrathin electrocatalysts. Our studies greatly enrich our understanding of the structure–activity correlations for 2D catalysts and provide new insight for the design and synthesis of ultrathin catalysts with high activity.     

Efficient Synthesis of Spirooxindole Pyrrolones by a Rhodium(III)‐Catalyzed C−H Activation/Carbene Insertion/Lossen Rearrangement Sequence

A rhodium(III)‐catalyzed domino annulation of simple olefins with diazo oxindoles to give spirooxindole pyrrolone products is described. This reaction can be formally viewed as the result of an anomalous tandem C?H activation, carbene insertion, Lossen rearrangement, and a nucleophilic addition process. The potential utility of this reaction was further demonstrated by the late‐stage diversification of drug molecules.     

Synthesis,structures, and electrochemistry of diiron toluene-3,4-dithiolate complexes containing phosphine ligands

Transition Metal Chemistry - In this paper, four diiron toluene-3,4-dithiolate complexes with phosphine ligands were synthesized and characterized. Treatment of complex...     

浙江植物区系增补

本文报道了作者在整理鉴定近年调查采集的植物标本过程中发现的一些浙江植物区系新记录植物，计有2属（水禾属和带叶兰属）、5种、2变种，丰富了浙江植物区系的内容．同时对大叶葱芥的花部形态特征作了补充描述．引证的标本均保存于杭州大学植物标本室（国际代号HZU）．1刺叶株（壳斗科Fagaceae）QuercussplnosaDavidexFranch，PI．David．l：274，1884；中国高等植物图鉴1：453，图905，1972．产仙居，上井，海拔875米，郑朝宗无号．分布福建、湖北、四川、云南、陕西、甘肃．浙江分布新记录．常绿灌木，叶厚革质，椭圆形或近圆形，边…     

基于OWDP的IP网络性能实时监测系统设计与实现

针对传统的RTDP（往返时延与丢包协议）网络性能测量方法及ping探测方法的不足，设计并实现了一种基于OWDP（单路时延与丢包协议）的新型单路网络性能测量系统。该系统研究网络流量特点和测试流的发送规律，综合考虑了安全策略因素，最后的实验结果表明，系统具有良好的可扩展性，适合对大规模的网络进行实时监测。     

悬铃木叶片暗棕色抑菌色素的分离纯化及特性的初步研究

以碱提取、酸沉淀和ｓｉｌｉｃａｇｅｌ、Ａｌ２Ｏ３及ｓｅｐｈａｄｅｘＧ－２５柱层析分离纯化等步骤，从悬铃木落叶中制备得到一种暗棕色化合物，经ＰＡＧＥ、ＰＬＣ及ＴＬＣ检测均为单一谱带或单一斑点；该有色化合物熔点２８２．５９～２８３．２９℃，λＫＯＨｍａｘ：２１５ｎｍ，Ｅ１％１ｃｍ：３４８．７，肩峰：２５６ｎｍ，ｐＩ：３．５，对大肠杆菌、金黄葡萄球菌、巨大芽孢杆菌及枯草杆菌有较强的抑菌活性     

关于一类六角系统的共振多项式

本文揭示了单洞 Cata 型六角系统的共振多项式与广义冠的匹配多项式的关系、将1977年 Gutman 提出的方法推广应用到有洞的六角系统,并得到一些共振多项式的比较定理.     

Miniaturized Salinity Gradient Energy Harvesting Devices

Harvesting salinity gradient energy, also known as “osmotic energy” or “blue energy”, generated from the free energy mixing of seawater and fresh river water provides a renewable and sustainable alternative for circumventing the recent upsurge in global energy consumption. The osmotic pressure resulting from mixing water streams with different salinities can be converted into electrical energy driven by a potential difference or ionic gradients. Reversed-electrodialysis (RED) has become more prominent among the conventional membrane-based separation methodologies due to its higher energy efficiency and lesser susceptibility to membrane fouling than pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO). However, the ion-exchange membranes used for RED systems often encounter limitations while adapting to a real-world system due to their limited pore sizes and internal resistance. The worldwide demand for clean energy production has reinvigorated the interest in salinity gradient energy conversion. In addition to the large energy conversion devices, the miniaturized devices used for powering a portable or wearable micro-device have attracted much attention. This review provides insights into developing miniaturized salinity gradient energy harvesting devices and recent advances in the membranes designed for optimized osmotic power extraction. Furthermore, we present various applications utilizing the salinity gradient energy conversion.     

Development and Optimization of Djulis Sourdough Bread Fermented by Lactic Acid Bacteria for Antioxidant Capacity

This study developed a nutritionally valuable product with bioactive activity that improves the quality of bread. Djulis (Chenopodium formosanum), a native plant of Taiwan, was fermented using 23 different lactic acid bacteria strains. Lactobacillus casei BCRC10697 was identified as the ideal strain for fermentation, as it lowered the pH value of samples to 4.6 and demonstrated proteolysis ability 1.88 times higher than controls after 24 h of fermentation. Response surface methodology was adopted to optimize the djulis fermentation conditions for trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC). The optimal conditions were a temperature of 33.5 °C, fructose content of 7.7%, and dough yield of 332.8, which yielded a TEAC at 6.82 mmol/kg. A 63% increase in TEAC and 20% increase in DPPH were observed when compared with unfermented djulis. Subsequently, the fermented djulis was used in different proportions as a substitute for wheat flour to make bread. The total phenolic and flavonoid compounds were 4.23 mg GAE/g and 3.46 mg QE/g, marking respective increases of 18% and 40% when the djulis was added. Texture analysis revealed that adding djulis increased the hardness and chewiness of sourdough breads. It also extended their shelf life by approximately 2 days. Thus, adding djulis to sourdough can enhance the functionality of breads and may provide a potential basis for developing djulis-based functional food.