Glucose biosensors based on Ag nanoparticles modified TiO2 nanotube arrays

A GOx/Ag/TiO₂ glucose biosensor was achieved by photoreducing Ag nanoparticles on TiO₂ nanotube arrays (NTAs) following with adsorption of GOx. The morphology, structure, and element component of Ag/TiO₂ NTAs were characterized by scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, and X-ray diffraction. Ag nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on surface of TiO₂ NTAs with average size of 15 nm and the size and distribution changed with the immersing time of TiO₂ NTAs in AgNO₃ aqueous solution. Electrochemical properties of Ag/TiO₂ NTAs were characterized by cyclic voltammetry and amperometric detection of H₂O₂, revealing that TiO₂ NTAs with immersing time of 30 min achieve the best electrochemical activity. The GOx/Ag/TiO₂ NTAs biosensor with optimum conditions achieves a sensitivity of 0.39μA mM^?1 cm^?2 with liner range from 0.1 to 4 mM.     

表面包覆策略:提高全无机铯铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶的稳定性及其在照明显示领域的应用

全无机铯铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶具有荧光量子产率高、色纯度高、色域广等优异的光电性质,在发光二极管、太阳能电池和生物标记等领域具有广阔的应用前景。但由于其离子特性所导致该纳米晶的稳定性较差,严重阻碍了进一步推广应用。尽管已发展出许多提高稳定性的策略,如离子掺杂、表面钝化和表面包覆,但暴露于空气、水和极性溶剂等情况下如何保持钙钛矿纳米晶的稳定性仍然是目前亟待解决的重要问题。此外,钙钛矿纳米晶中的阴离子交换现象也限制了其在多色发光显示领域的应用。通过表面包覆可以有效提高钙钛矿纳米晶的稳定性,同时限制了纳米晶中的阴离子交换,因此近年来成为了科研工作者研究的热点。本文总结了造成钙钛矿纳米晶不稳定的原因,详细介绍了铅卤钙钛矿包覆工艺的研究进展及其在照明显示领域的应用,最后分析了全无机铯铅卤钙钛矿纳米晶发展过程中面临的挑战,并对未来的研究方向进行展望。     

氮掺杂Bi2O3光催化剂可见光催化降解2,4-二氯酚

采用自制的Bi2O3及氮掺杂Bi2O3(N-Bi2O3)光催化剂,以卤钨灯为光源,在可见光下对2,4-二氯酚进行光催化降解.结果表明,N-Bi2O3较Bi2O3具有更高的可见光催化活性.当N-Bi2O3光催化剂投加量为2.0 g/L、2,4-二氯酚初始浓度为20 mg/L和pH =7时,光催化反应320 min,2,4-二氯酚的降解率最高可达到91.5％.2,4-二氯酚的光催化反应初活性与其浓度之间的关系符合Langmuir-Hinshelwood动力学速率模型.对降解过程中总有机碳及Cl-测试结果表明,N-Bi2O3光催化剂能较好地完成对2,4-二氯酚的深度矿化及脱氯.     

基于几何曲面结构的金属狭缝阵列透镜研究

金属狭缝阵列透镜是一种通过激发和操控表面等离子体激元,突破衍射极限,实现光束调控的纳米光子器件。如何快速、高效地设计具有一定功能的金属狭缝阵列,并且在不影响器件功能的前提下,增大狭缝尺寸,使器件便于加工,是该类器件走向实际应用的关键问题。本文提出一种可以实现光束调控的新的金属狭缝阵列透镜的设计方法,将金属狭缝阵列作成几何曲面结构,可快速、高效地设计透镜,实现光束的调控作用。该方法设计的透镜,金属狭缝尺寸在80 nm,便于设计之后的加工制备,将加速纳米光子器件的实用化。     

Slater绝缘体的磁性和能带计算研究

Slater相变是一种由于反铁磁序形成而导致的金属—绝缘体相变.本文采用第一性原理密度泛函计算方法研究了两种Slater绝缘体材料NaOsO_3和Cd_2Os_2O_7的电子结构,进而研究了反铁磁序排列、自旋轨道耦合和电子关联对其电子结构以及相变性质的影响.研究结果表明,非磁相的NaOsO_3具有金属性;而G型线性反铁磁结构是驱动NaOsO_3发生Slater相变的磁基态.此外,研究结果表明,非磁相的焦绿石Cd_2Os_2O_7的能带结构在费米能级处是连续的,表现为金属性;并且带有磁阻挫的Cd_2Os_2O_7发生Slater相变的条件十分苛刻,只有在自旋轨道耦合和1.8 eV电子关联的共同作用下一种全进—全出非线性反铁磁结构才能使其发生Slater相变.说明全进—全出非线性反铁磁结构是使Cd_2Os_2O_7发生Slater相变的磁基态,而自旋轨道耦合和1.8 eV的电子关联在消除磁阻挫上起到了关键作用.     

Influence of the chirp on the intensity distributions of an apertured pulse

Starting from the Huygens–Fresnel diffraction integral and the Fourier transform, the propagation expression of a chirped pulse passing through a hard-edged aperture is derived. Using the obtained expression, the intensity distributions of the pulse with different chirp in the near and far fields are analyzed in detail. Due to the modulation of the aperture, many intensity peaks emerge in the intensity distributions of the chirped pulse in the near field. However, the amplitudes of the intensity peaks decrease on increasing the chirp, which results in the smoothing effect in the intensity distributions. The beam smoothing brought by increasing the chirp is explained physically. Also, it is found that the radius of the intensity distribution of the chirped pulse decreases when the chirp increases in the far field.     

4×4自由空间光开关结构及其矩阵分析

光开关是全光通信网络中的一种重要的光无源器件。提出了一种4×4自由空间光开关的结构设计方法,并进行了矩阵理论分析。该4×4光开关具有新颖的光模块化结构,该光开关结构仅由偏振分束组合棱镜,λ／4波片,λ／2波片,直角棱镜,全反镜和偏振光调制器组成,对光开关的控制与输入光束的偏振态无关。所有的输出端口可以和输入端口无阻塞地互连交换。这种新型的光开关结构具有光学元件少,结构紧凑,模块化,与偏振无关的特点。基于4×4光开关的矩阵分析得到了路由控制表,为4×4光开关从任意输人端口到任意输出端口的路由控制状态提供了理论分析手段,从而可以方便地实现无阻塞地光交换开关矩阵的路由控制功能。     

Quantitative atomic force microscopy with carbon monoxide terminated tips

Noncontact atomic force microscopy (AFM) has recently progressed tremendously in achieving atomic resolution imaging through the use of small oscillation amplitudes and well-defined modification of the tip apex. In particular, it has been shown that picking up simple inorganic molecules (such as CO) by the AFM tip leads to a well-defined tip apex and to enhanced image resolution. Here, we use the same approach to study the three-dimensional intermolecular interaction potential between two molecules and focus on the implications of using molecule-modified AFM tips for microscopy and force spectroscopy experiments. The flexibility of the CO at the tip apex complicates the measurement of the intermolecular interaction energy between two CO molecules. Our work establishes the physical limits of measuring intermolecular interactions with scanning probes.