808 nm大功率半导体激光器阵列的优化设计

 采用激射波长为808 nm的GaAs/AlGaAs梯度折射率波导分别限制单量子阱结构外延片,制备了沟道深度不同的半导体激光器阵列,并对载流子分布进行理论分析和模拟。理论和实验结果表明：引入脊形台面和隔离沟道后,激光器阵列的输出功率、电光转换效率、斜率效率和光谱特性均有显著提高。随着沟道的加深,对电流侧向扩散的限制作用增强,从而提高了阵列性能。     

基于可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱波长调制技术在线测量燃烧场温度

 介绍了可调谐二极管激光吸收光谱（TDLAS）波长调制技术的测温原理。通过选择水在1 397.75 nm和1 397.87 nm处两条邻近的吸收线,运用多功能数据采集卡对二极管激光器进行控制和信号采集,实现了TDLAS波长调制技术对标定燃烧炉甲烷/空气预混火焰温度的实时在线测量,测量重复频率为250 Hz。分析了温度测量数据抖动的原因,结果表明燃烧过程中火焰本身温度的抖动是测量结果波动的主要原因,测量系统的A类标准不确定度小于53 K。     

X波段2维金属光子晶体的加速结构

 光子晶体加速结构能够有效地阻尼高频率加速管中的尾场,对高能加速器中因尾场引起的束流不稳定性起到抑制作用。探索了X波段2维金属光子晶体微波加速结构的研制方法,用机械加工的方式制作了较高品质因数的2维光子晶体结构谐振腔。理论计算表明,在光子晶体结构谐振腔外围放置吸波材料,可有效地吸收加速结构中的类TM11偶极模等高次模,而对加速主模类TM01模影响较小。设计和制作了工作频率为11.42 GHz,由4个腔构成的X波段2维金属光子晶体行波加速器,实验结果与数值模拟计算值吻合较好。     

冷凝法油气回收技术与应用

油品在储运和销售过程中部分轻烃组分挥发进入大气,造成资源浪费和环境危害.油气回收既可实现油气污染治理又能产生可观的经济效益.结合中国油气储运和销售环节的现状以及相关技术的发展,对几种油气回收的方法进行了对比分析,认为采用多元工质复叠(或自复叠)制冷技术的冷凝法具有较好的经济性和可靠性.介绍了自主研发的冷凝式油气回收设备...     

医用生物材料的低温保存研究

生物材料的低温保存一般都要经历降温过程、低温储存过程及复温过程,其中降温过程中对生物细胞的影响最大.每一种生物细胞都有自己合适的降温速率,如能满足其这种降温速率,细胞所受到的低温损伤最小,则生物细胞的复活率最高.文中介绍程序控制变速降温装置的主要结构及几种典型生物体的降温过程.最后,对器官的低温保存进行分析讨论.     

Multifunctional core–shell nanoparticles: superparamagnetic,mesoporous, and thermosensitive

Multifunctional core–shell composite nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed by the combination of three functionalities into one entity, which is composed of a single Fe₃O₄ NP as the magnetic core, mesoporous silica (mSiO₂) with cavities as the sandwiched layer, and thermosensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylamide) (P(NIPAAm-co-AAm)) copolymer as the outer shell. The mSiO₂-coated Fe₃O₄ NPs (Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂) are monodisperse and the particle sizes were varied from 25 to 95 nm by precisely controlling the thickness of mSiO₂-coating layer. The P(NIPAAm-co-AAm) were then grown onto surface-initiator-modified Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂ NPs through free radical polymerization. These core–shell composite NPs (designated as Fe₃O₄@mSiO₂@P(NIPAAm-co-AAm)) were found to be superparamagnetic with high r ₂ relaxivity. To manipulate the phase transition behavior of these thermosensitive polymer-coated NPs for future in vivo applications, the characteristic lower critical solution temperature (LCST) was subtly tuned by adjusting the composition of the monomers to be around the human body temperature (i.e. 37 °C), from ca. 34 to ca. 42 °C. The thermal response of the core–shell composite NPs to the external magnetic field was also demonstrated. Owing to their multiple functionality characteristics, these porous superparamagnetic and thermosensitive NPs may prove valuable for simultaneous magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), temperature-controlled drug release, and temperature-programed magnetic targeting and separation applications.     

Theoretical study on the Rocksalt structured positron annihilation in magnesium oxide

Based on the atomic superposition approximation （ATSUP） and first-principles pseudopotential plane-wave methods, the bulk and Mg mono-vacancy positron lifetime of magnesium oxide were calculated using Arponen-Pajamme and Borofiski-Nieminen positron-annihilation-rate interpolation formula respectively. The calculated values are in good agreement with experimental values and the first-principles method gives more convincing results. The positron annihilation density spectra analysis reveals that positrons mainly annihilate with valence electrons of oxygen atoms when the magnesium-vacancy appears within magnesium oxide.     

Electronic structures of alloy quantum dots with nonuniform composition

In this study, the significant effect of the nonuniform composition in alloy quantum dots (QDs) on electronic structure is analyzed in depth. The equilibrium composition profiles in experimentally observed dome and barn shaped GeSi/Si QDs are determined by combining the finite element method and the method of moving asymptotes. Due to the composition variation, the total band edge of heavy hole is dominated by the band offset and spin-orbit coupling rather than the strain effect. The numerical results reveal that the wave function of heavy hole trends to be localized in the Ge-rich region at the top of the large QD. Moreover, the size effect gradually compensates the composition effect as the size of QD decreases.     

Simultaneous low extinction and high local field enhancement in Ag nanocubes

We theoretically investigate surface plasmon resonance properties in Au and Ag cubic nanoparticles and find a novel plasmonic mode that exhibits simultaneous low extinction and high local field enhancement properties. We analyse this mode from different aspects by looking at the distribution patterns of local field intensity, energy flux, absorption and charge density. We find that in the mode the polarized charge is highly densified in a very limited volume around the corner of the nanocube and results in very strong local field enhancement. Perturbations of the incident energy flux and light absorption are also strongly localized in this small volume of the corner region, leading to both low absorption and low scattering cross section. As a result, the extinction is low for the mode. Metal nanoparticles involving such peculiar modes may be useful for constructing nonlinear compound materials with low linear absorption and high nonlinearity.