液晶光定向层材料

本文综述了近10年来液晶显示用光定向层材料领域的研究现状和进展情况，主要概述了光降解型、光致异构型、光交联型以及自组装等材料，并对目前报道的液晶光定向机理进行了总结和归纳。     

Optimization of on-chip elongation for fabricating double-stranded DNA microarrays

The sequence-specific recognitions between DNA and proteins are playing important roles in many biological functions. The double-stranded DNA microarrays (dsDNA microarrays) can be used to study the sequence-specific recognitions between DNAs and proteins in highly parallel way. In this paper, two different elongation processes in forming dsDNA from the immobilized oligonucleotides have been compared in order to optimize the fabrication of dsDNA microarrays: (1) elongation from the hairpins formed by the self-hybridized oligonucleatides spotted on a glass; (2) elongation from the complementary primers hybridized on the spotted oligonucleatides. The results suggested that the dsDNA probes density produced by the hybridized-primer extension was about four times lower than those by the self-hybridized hairpins. Meanwhile, in order to reduce the cost of dsDNA microarrays, we have replaced the Klenow DNA polymerase with Taq DNA polymerase, and optimized the reaction conditions of on-chip elongation. Our experiements showed that the elongation temperature of 50 °C and the Mg²⁺ concentration of 2.5 mM are the optimized conditions in elongation with Taq DNA polymerase. A dsDNA microarray has been successfully constructed with the above method to detect NF-kB protein.     

利用DPN技术直接构建磁性纳米图形

在纳米尺度下构建有序的磁性模板和图形是当前的研究热点之一 [1,2 ] .这种模板在生物样品的分离[1] 、磁电子学研究和信息存储 [2 ] 等领域具有重要意义 .目前 ,光刻 [3] 、微触点印刷 [4 ] 和自组装 [5] 等多项技术已被用来构建各种纳米模板 .1 999年 ,美国西北大学 Mirkin小组 [6 ]发明的 Dip- pen纳米刻蚀技术 (简称 DPN技术 )更在可控组装方面显示出巨大优越性 .这项技术是在一定驱动力作用下 ,使吸附在原子力显微镜 ( AFM)针尖上的分子“墨水”逐渐转移到基底表面上 ,实现纳米模板的可控构建 .与传统技术相比 ,DPN技术可在纳米尺…     

聚丙烯酰胺凝胶结构非均匀性的动态光散射研究

利用动态光散射技术研究了聚丙烯酰胺 (PAAm)凝胶结构的非均匀性 ,分析了PAAm凝胶结构非均匀性的形成原因及凝胶动态光散射的数据处理方法和分析结果的物理意义 .研究结果表明 ,PAAm凝胶中含有动态相关长度 (LC)不同的两相 ,其中 ,LC 为 10～ 2 0nm的区域是聚合物稀疏相 ,LC 为 85nm左右的区域是聚合物密集相 ,两相的不均匀分布形成了PAAm凝胶结构的非均匀性 .分析表明 ,PAAm凝胶存在两相主要是由于单体和交联剂的溶解度存在差异所致 .随交联度增大 ,PAAm凝胶结构的非均匀性显著增强     

Sesquiterpenoids from the Rhizome of Ligularia virgaurea

Two novel sesquiterpene dimers, compounds 1 and 2 , were isolated from the rhizome of Ligularia virgaurea, together with the six known sesquiterpenoids 3 – 8 . Their structures were established by physico‐chemical and spectroscopic methods, especially by means of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR as well as HR‐MS analyses. A mechanism based on a classical Diels–Alder cyclization is proposed for the formation of the dimer 1 from the precursors 8 and the quinone form of 6 (Scheme).     

玻璃载体表面脱氧核糖核酸的固定及其化学发光检测

用硅烷化偶联剂把ＤＮＡ直接共价固定在载玻片表面，将辣根过氧化物酶标记的探针与之进行核酸杂交，杂交后用增强的化学发光检测。方法的检出限为７５ｐｇ。研究了ＤＮＡ分子固定在玻璃载体表面的各种条件，并建立了在玻璃载体表面进行核酸杂交的体系，为研究光纤ＤＮＡ生物传感器打下了基础。     

Preconcentration of copper with multi-walled carbon nanotubes pretreated by potassium permanganate cartridge for solid phase extraction prior to flame atomic absorption spectrometry

A procedure for the preconcentration of copper was described in this paper using multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) oxidized by potassium permanganate as the adsorbent for the enrichment of trace copper in water samples. Important parameters, such as the sample pH, the concentration and volume of eluent, sample flow rate and volume, and interference of coexisting ions, were investigated. The obtained results indicated that proposed method possessed an excellent analytical performance. The linear range, the detection limit, and precison (RSD) were 1-100 ng/mL (R2 = 0.9993), 0.32 ng/mL and 2.88%, respectively. The results showed that copper could be adsorbed quantitatively on the pretreated MWCNTs with potassium permanganate, and proposed method was very useful in the monitoring of copper in the environment.     

Phase separation of the reaction system induced by CO2 and conversion enhancement for the esterification of acetic acid with ethanol in ionic liquid

The effect of CO2 on the phase behavior of the reaction system and equilibrium conversion for esterification of acetic acid and ethanol in ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [bmim][HSO4]) was studied at 60.0 degrees C up to 15 MPa. It was demonstrated that there was only one phase in the reaction system in the absence of CO2. The reaction system underwent two-phase-->three-phase-->two-phase transitions with increasing pressure. The pressure of CO2 or the phase behavior of the system affected the equilibrium conversion of the reaction markedly. As the pressure was less than 3.5 MPa, there were two phases in the system, and the equilibrium conversion increased as pressure was increased. In the pressure range of 3.5-9.5 MPa, there existed three phases, and the equilibrium conversion increased more rapidly with increasing pressure. As the pressure was higher than 9.5 MPa, the reaction system entered another two-phase region and the equilibrium conversion was nearly independent of pressure. The total equilibrium conversion was 64% without CO2 and could be as high as 80% as pressure was higher than 9.0 MPa. The apparent equilibrium constants (K(x)) in different phases were also determined, showing that the K(x) in the middle phase or top phase was much greater than that in the bottom phase.     

妊娠中期孕妇头发微量元素观察

为了解妇女妊娠中期营养状况，对１９９６年产科门诊采集的杂结果进行回顾性分析，结果表明，孕中期妇女有５９．６４％存在宏量和微量元素缺乏，其中钙缺乏占首位，铁缺乏占第二位，锌缺乏占第三位，镁变化不大。缺钙严重程度与季节有关。提示孕中期应对孕妇给予膳食结构的调整，适时补充营养和钙，以满足母胎之需要，减少母儿并发症。     

Linear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS) degradation by immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa under low intensity ultrasound

We studied the LAS degradation of immobilized Pseudomonas aeruginosa with low-intensity ultrasonic and the influence of original LAS concentration, pH, rotary velocity and different conditions of low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation on the degradation of LAS. In our experiment, the degradation rate of LAS was the main index. We found that low-intensity ultrasonic irradiation could improve the metabolism of microorganism cells and promote the LAS biodegradation of immobilized cells. In the experiment, 50 mg/l LAS were used to simulate wastewater, and low-intensity ultrasonic was considered. We found the influence was obvious, and the optimal degradation rate was acquired when the conditions of ultrasonic were frequency 24 kHz, power 8 W, stimulation time 5 s, intermissive time 30 s, and total time 10 min. The LAS degradation rate of immobilized cells with ultrasonic were respectively 40% and 9.5% higher than that of the suspending cells and immobilized cells without irradiation.