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11.
The structural stability of heat-treated CoN/CN soft X-ray multilayers fabricated by dual-facing-target sputtering has been investigated by using complementary measurement techniques. The high temperature annealing results imply that the destructive threshold of the Co/C multilayers is improved by 100–200 degrees centigrade through doping with N. The low-angle X-ray diffraction of CoN/CN soft X-ray multilayers indicates that the period expansion of the multilayers is only 4 % at 400°C, and the interface pattern still exists even if they were annealed at 700°C. The Raman spectra analyses give the evidence that the formation of the sp3 bonding in the CN sublayers can be suppressed effectively by doping N with atoms, and thus the period expansion resulting from the changes in the density of CN layers can be decreased considerably. The X-ray photoelectron spectra analyses present the information of the existence of the strong covalent bonding betweenC andN atoms, and the ionic bonding between Co and N atoms, which can slow down the tendency of the structural relaxation. The interstitial N atoms decrease the mobility of Co atoms, and thus the fcc-Co and hcp-Co coexist even though the annealing temperature is much higher than the phase transformation temperature of 420°C, leading to the suppression of the grain growth. 相似文献
12.
Jie Xue Liang Chen Li Zhou Zhifeng Jia Yanping Wang Xinyuan Zhu Deyue Yan 《Journal of Polymer Science.Polymer Physics》2006,44(15):2050-2057
α‐Cyclodextrin (α‐CD) has been complexed with various poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) derivatives in aqueous solution. It has been found that the end groups of PEG derivatives affect the complexation kinetics greatly, but have only a little influence on the thermodynamic behavior. By increasing the hydrophobicity of end groups, the complexation speeds up rapidly. On the other hand, the bulky end groups slow down the threading of polymeric guests into the cavity of CD. By changing the hydrophobicity and the size of end groups, the complexation rate can be adjusted in the range of several orders of magnitudes, which should be quite useful in the design of new supramolecular systems. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 44: 2050–2057, 2006 相似文献
13.
The paper is concerned with a two-delay singular differential system with a twin parameter. Applying fixed-point index theory, we show the relationship between the asymptotic behaviors of nonlinearities (at zero and infinity) and the open regions (eigenvalue regions) of parameters, which are correlated with delays, such that the system has zero, one and two positive solution(s). 相似文献
14.
Huimin Xie Biao Li Robert Geer Bai Xu James Castracane 《Optics and Lasers in Engineering》2003,40(3):163-177
A focused ion beam (FIB) Moiré method is proposed to measure the in-plane deformation of object in a micrometer scale. The FIB Moiré is generated by the interference between a prepared specimen grating and FIB raster scan lines. The principle of the FIB Moiré is described. The sensitivity and accuracy of deformation measurement are discussed in detail. Several specimen gratings with 0.14 and 0.20 μm spacing are used to generate FIB Moiré patterns. The FIB Moiré method is successfully used to measure the residual deformation in a micro-electro-mechanical system structure after removing the SiO2 sacrificial layer with a 5000 lines/mm grating. The results demonstrate the feasibility of this method. 相似文献
15.
This paper deals with the optimal control of a one-machine two-product manufacturing system with setup changes, operating in a continuous time dynamic environment. The system is deterministic. When production is switched from one product to the other, a known constant setup time and a setup cost are incurred. Each product has specified constant processing time and constant demand rate, as well as an infinite supply of raw material. The problem is formulated as a feedback control problem. The objective is to minimize the total backlog, inventory and setup costs incurred over a finite horizon. The optimal solution provides the optimal production rate and setup switching epochs as a function of the state of the system (backlog and inventory levels). For the steady state, the optimal cyclic schedule is determined. To solve the transient case, the system's state space is partitioned into mutually exclusive regions such that with each region, the optimal control policy is determined analytically. 相似文献
16.
17.
薄原子蒸汽膜的单光子Dcike窄化吸收光谱可以拓展到双光子情形,以级联三能级系统为例,从理论上得到了亚多普勒结构的双光子吸收光谱,其线型表现出和单光子过程相似的与膜厚和探测光波长的比值(L/λ)相关的周期性.当L/λ=(2n+1)/2(膜厚为半波长的奇数倍)时,吸收谱线窄化现象明显.当L/λ=2n/2(膜厚为半波长的偶数倍)时,单光子情形的谱线窄化现象消失,而双光子情形的谱线仍表现为亚多普勒结构,尤其在异侧入射的情形下,可以获得极窄的双光子谱线结构. 这种结构来自原子与腔壁碰撞的消激发效应和双光子过程的抽运-探测机制的贡献.
关键词:
薄原子蒸汽膜
双光子光谱
Dicke窄化 相似文献
18.
The use of multigrid methods in complex fluid flow problems is still under development. In this paper a full multigrid procedure has been incorporated in a finite volume solution for predicting fully developed fluid flow in a streamwise periodic geometry. Steady computations in two-dimensional body fitted co-ordinates have shown considerable savings in computation time by this multigrid method. 相似文献
19.
纯生跳跃扩散型交换期权定价公式 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在假定标的资产价格服从纯生跳跃过程的条件下,研究一类多资产期权——资产权重不同的交换期权,并在风险中性的条件下建立相应的定价方程,运用条件期望等相关知识得出交换期权的解析公式。文中最后列出一些特殊纯生跳跃扩散型交换期权的定价的例子. 相似文献
20.
A new synthetic method for the manufacture of glutaric dialdehyde is investigated. Glutaric dialdehyde was prepared by the
addition-hydrolysis reaction of benzimidazolium salt with saturated dihalide as the di-Grignard reagent. The yield of glutaric
dialdehyde by this method can reach 73%. Both infrared spectra and melting point of the compound were consistent with those
reported earlier.
Translated from Journal of Northwest University (Natural Science Edition), 2005, 35(2) (in Chinese) 相似文献