阳离子表面活性剂增敏催化光度法测定锰

建立了以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵为增敏剂,高碘酸氧化茜素绿催化光度法测定痕量锰的新方法。由于添加了增敏剂,灵敏度提高３１倍。方法的检出限为０．３４ｎｇ／ｍＬ,相对标准偏差为０．７６％,线性范围为２－１８ｎｇ／ｍＬ,可用于水样,茶叶中锰的测定。     

Cd1-xZnx合金组元分压控制下高阻CdZnTe晶体的熔体生长

本文运用热力学关系估算了CdZnTe熔体平衡分压.尝试以Cd1-xZnx合金源替代Cd源控制Cd分压和Zn分压进行了Cd 0.8Zn 0.2Te晶体熔体生长,探讨了熔体分压与晶体电阻率的关系.获得的Cd 0.8Zn 0.2Te晶体的电阻率接近1010Ω·cm,高于同类方法文献报道1～2个数量级.晶体的结构完整性较好,平均腐蚀坑密度(EPD)为2×105cm-2,纵向组成分布偏离度在4;左右,红外透过率大于60;,晶体中第二相和沉淀物明显减少,优于仅采用Cd分压控制的Cd0.8Zn0.2Te晶体.     

Temperature-induced inversion of elution order in the chromatographic enantioseparation of 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol on an immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase

In this work, the enantioseparations of 1,1′-bi-2-naphthol (BINOL) and its three derivatives were performed on an immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase, Chiralpak IA, under normal-phase mode. The effects of the content of polar modifier in the mobile phase and the column temperature on the retention and enantioseparation were investigated in detail. Temperature-induced inversion of elution order for BINOL was observed directly when n-hexane/2-propanol (92/8, v/v) was used as mobile phase. The isoenantioselective temperature (T_iso) was calculated to be 31.4 °C. When n-hexane/2-propanol/THF (93/2/5, v/v/v) was used as mobile phase, the T_iso value decreased to −8.2 °C. Entropically driven enantioseparation which had practical application was obtained successfully (separation factor being 1.189 and 1.332 at 25 °C and 50 °C, respectively). The corresponding thermodynamic parameters for other three binaphthyl compounds were compared with that for BINOL. Some inferences about chiral recognition mechanism were stressed.     

血红蛋白在纳米孔径氧化铝膜修饰电极上的直接电化学

运用电化学包埋法成功将血红蛋白(Hb)固定于纳米孔阳极氧化铝膜(AAO)修饰的玻碳电极(GC)表面, 制得Hb/PPy/AAO/GC修饰电极, 并对Hb/PPy/AAO/GC修饰电极的制备条件进行了优化. 研究了Hb/PPy/AAO/GC修饰电极在磷酸缓冲液(pH＝6.8)中的电化学行为, 探讨了血红蛋白在AAO修饰电极表面的直接电子转移机理. 结果表明阳极氧化铝膜不仅保持了血红蛋白的生物活性, 而且通过它的纳米尺寸效应, 实现了Hb与电极之间的直接电子转移. 其研究内容对生命科学和临床医学有着重要意义.     

α—葡萄糖基甜菊糖的酶促合成反应（Ⅱ）

研究了以球形纤维素弱阴离子交换剂化载体，固定化葡萄糖基转移酶ＧＴ－１转化甜菊糖为α－葡萄糖基甜菊糖反应的各种影响因素。结果表明，甜菊糖的酶促转经到达一定程度后，继续增大酶用量及淀粉用量，对转化结果没有太多改善。     

竞争型三元配合物生成热的量热测定 镍(II)-草酸-甘氨酸三元体系

我们曾经报导过铜(Ⅱ)-草酸-乙二胺三元竞争体系的量热研究。由于铜(Ⅱ)离子的配位数为4。对两个二齿配体(草酸和乙二胺)来说,混配络合物只有一种(MAB)。然而对于(钅臭)(Ⅱ)-草酸-甘氨酸的三元体系来说,情况就较复杂。有三种混配络合物(MAB,MA_2B,MAB_2)的生成反应必须考虑,所以在热效应计算上就更加复杂,至今尚无文献报道。本文试图建立一种合理的数据处理方法以计算这样复杂体系的热效应。数学处理和实验     

NMR法研究Na+在二元混合溶剂中的溶剂化(Ⅱ)

本文测定了NaBPh_4在CH_3OH-CH_3COCH_3, CH_3OH-CH_3CN, DMSO-DMF, DMSO-HCONH_2混合溶剂体系中~(23)Na~+的化学位移随溶剂组成的变化规律。利用Covington模型计算了四个混合溶剂体系中一种溶剂B对另一种溶剂A的优先溶剂化自由能。同时利用等溶剂化点法比较了各种溶剂对Na~+的溶剂化能力。两种方法得出的相对溶剂化能力为: 对甲醇体系二种方法皆为CH_3OH>CH_2-COCH_3>CH_3CN。对DMSO体系, Covington模型: DMSO>HCONH_2>DMF; 等溶剂化点法: DMSO=HCONH_2>DMF 实验结果表明: 在二元混合溶剂体系中一种溶剂对阳离子的溶剂化能力的大小除了与其本身的特性有关外, 还与共同构成二元系的另一种溶剂的性质有关。     

35Cl NMR研究溶液中离子对和离子缔合

测量了Sr和Ba高氯酸盐在乙腈和乙醇中0.5 mol·L~(-1)溶液的~(35)Cl NMR峰宽Δv和粘度η。按核四极矩弛豫机理, 结合文献中Mg~[1]和Ca~[2]盐的数据, 一种溶剂中各盐的Δv/η之比当反映~(35)Cl核处的电场梯度平方之比。按接触型离子对假设, ~(35)Cl处电场梯度平方之比应等于(r_++r_-)~(-6)。测得各盐的Δv/η之比与计算的(r_++r_-)~(-6)吻合, 论证了在乙腈与乙醇中为接触型离子对。同时文中报告了Δv/η和盐的摩尔电导随水或DMF加入的变化。     

2D/3D-QSAR comparative study on mutagenicity of nitroaromatics

As the key techniques in predictive toxicology, the goal of quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) is to explore the mechanism of toxic action based on the molecular structures of pollutants and to develop quantitative models for predictive…     

NMR法研究Na+在二元混合溶剂中的溶剂化

~(23)Na~+ chemical shift of NaClO_4 in mixed solvents of water-aceton,water-ace- tonitrile, and water-ethanol and of NaBPh_4 in methanol-DMF,methanol-ben- zene, and methanol-dioxane were measured.By means of iso-solvation point the solvating abilities were compared as water>aceton≥acetonitrile≥ethanol and DMF>methanol. The preferential solvation free energies of Na~+ for the pairs of solvents, methanol-DMFand water-aceton,were evaluated as -2.7 kJ mol~(-1) for DMF to methanol and 4.6 kJ mol~(-1) for aceton to water.~(23)Na~+ chemical shift in methanol-benzene is independent of the content of benzene. It verifies the simple solvation modle for ion in methanol-inert solvent mixture. However the chemical shift of ~(23)Na~+ in methanol-dioxane mixture varies with the composition of solvent. The inewidth of Na-23 resonance peak increases dramtically with the increasing of dioxane. It seems that the dioxane molecules disturb the primary solvation shell of Na~+ in methanol and result a unsymmetrical immediate surrounding for Na~+ cation.