激光等离子体时、空、能三维分辨测试系统

介绍了激光等离子体时间、空间、能谱三维分辨测试系统的结构、原理和性能 ,并给出了利用该系统在实验中获得的典型结果 .     

单层巴基葱的电子结构与几何结构的关系

通过紧束缚近似的计算方法,研究单层巴基葱的电子结构。发展了一种表示巴基葱结构的新方案,以表示所有的正二十面体点群结构的巴基葱。根据它们的几何结构因子,巴基葱的电子结构可以分为两类:一类是准金属球,另一类是宽带隙半导体球。文中还讨论了单层巴基葱电子与几何结构关系的稳定性,指出单层巴基葱的几何结构的方式是决定其电子结构的主要因素。     

激光聚变爆推靶内爆区空间分布的测量

采用具有高空间分辨本领的Fresnel波带板编码成象技术对爆推靶内爆区发射的α粒子进行成象,在最近的“神光Ⅱ”(SGⅡ)上实验中获得了爆推靶内爆区的空间分布、大小、压缩比等重要信息.Fresnel波带板编码成象技术的空间分辨率好于10μm.实验测得内爆区大小约为初始靶直径的13—16,而内爆区的半高宽约为初始靶直径的15—19.由内爆区尺寸估算出的中子产额在误差范围内与实验结果相符 关键词： 惯性约束核聚变 内爆压缩 编码成象     

Optimization of cross-linking parameters during production of transglutaminase-hardened spherical multinuclear microcapsules by complex coacervation

Gelatin-gum arabic spherical multinuclear microcapsules (SMMs) encapsulating peppermint oil were prepared by complex coacervation. Transglutaminase (TG) was used to harden the SMMs by complex coacervation instead of traditional reagents such as formaldehyde or glutaraldehyde. The effect of various cross-linking parameters on the hardening effectiveness of SMMs containing peppermint oil was investigated. The optimum parameters were as follows: hardening for 6h at 15 degrees C and pH 6.0 with a TG concentration of 15 U/g gelatin. Compared with formaldehyde, TG exhibits similar microcapsule hardening effectiveness.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis, Crystal Structures and Electrochemical Properties of Two Phosphatotungstates Containing Keggin Clusters, [Cu(2,2′-bipy)2]5[PW12O40] · 2H2O and (Hpip)3[PW12O40]

Two new phosphatotungstates containing Keggin clusters, [Cu(2,2′-bipy)₂]₅[PW₁₂O₄₀] · 2H₂O (1) (2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) and (Hpip)₃[PW₁₂O₄₀] (2) (pip = piperazine) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, element analysis and cyclic voltammogram. Compound 1 consists of one discrete Keggin polyanion [PW₁₂O₄₀]^5?, five isolated complex cations [Cu(2,2′-bipy)₂]⁺ and two water molecules. The organic moieties exhibit regular packing with offset aromatic–aromatic interactions between the bipys, leading to a compact supramolecular framework structure. Compound 2 is made up of one discrete Keggin polyanion [PW₁₂O₄₀]^3? and three pip cations. Compounds 1 and 2 were employed to fabricate bulk-modified carbon paste electrode to research on their electrochemistry properties. Their electrochemical behaviors and electrocatalysis that 1- and 2-CPEs have electrocatalytic activities toward the oxidation of nitrite. Compound 1 is in the orthorhombic system, space group Pna2₁, with a = 28.1928(9), b = 21.5479(6), c = 19.9088(6) Å, V = 12,094.5(6) Å³ and Z = 4. Compound 2 is in the rhombohedral system, space group R $ \overline{3} Two new phosphatotungstates containing Keggin clusters, [Cu(2,2′-bipy)₂]₅[PW₁₂O₄₀] · 2H₂O (1) (2,2′-bipy = 2,2′-bipyridine) and (Hpip)₃[PW₁₂O₄₀] (2) (pip = piperazine) have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, element analysis and cyclic voltammogram. Compound 1 consists of one discrete Keggin polyanion [PW₁₂O₄₀]⁵⁻, five isolated complex cations [Cu(2,2′-bipy)₂]⁺ and two water molecules. The organic moieties exhibit regular packing with offset aromatic–aromatic interactions between the bipys, leading to a compact supramolecular framework structure. Compound 2 is made up of one discrete Keggin polyanion [PW₁₂O₄₀]³⁻ and three pip cations. Compounds 1 and 2 were employed to fabricate bulk-modified carbon paste electrode to research on their electrochemistry properties. Their electrochemical behaviors and electrocatalysis that 1- and 2-CPEs have electrocatalytic activities toward the oxidation of nitrite. Compound 1 is in the orthorhombic system, space group Pna2₁, with a = 28.1928(9), b = 21.5479(6), c = 19.9088(6) ?, V = 12,094.5(6) ?³ and Z = 4. Compound 2 is in the rhombohedral system, space group Rc, with a = 17.9191(5), c = 23.7439(9) ?, V = 6,602.6(4) ?³ and Z = 6. Electronic supplementary material  The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.     

垂直载荷下颗粒物质的声波探测和非线性响应

对于玻璃珠组成的颗粒介质样品,本文测量了横波和纵波声速,同时分析了剪切模量(G)与体积模量(B)的比值(G/B)随压强的变化规律.结果表明,在低压强下,颗粒体系的纵波声速(C_L)明显大于横波声速(c_T),且体系的CL,CT及G/B均随压强p变化呈幂律标度,即CL∝p~(0.3817),CT∝p~(0.2809)G/B∝p~(-0.4539),幂指数与文献[1]中预言的-1/2非常接近,暗示在我们实验压强范围内的颗粒样品处于L玻璃状态.此外,本文还利用快速傅里叶变换法测量了玻璃珠样品中的声学衰减特性及二阶谐波随压强的变化,发现:纵波声衰减系数(α)、接收端二倍频振幅(μ_(2ω))与基频振幅(μ_(1ω))平方的比值(μ_(2ω)/μ_(1ω)~2)均随压强的增大而幂率减小,分别为α∝p~-(-0.1879),和μ_(2ω)/μ_(1ω)~2∝p~(-0.866).     

强场物理中自生磁场的实验研究

为了获得飞秒激光与固体靶相互作用中自生磁场的大小与空间分布情况, 利用光学多道分析（OMA）谱仪（谱分辨0.1nm ）加电荷耦合器件（CCD）相机（11521242）探测设备, 用消色差的相机镜头作为空间分辨,在固体靶前表面测量了激光的高次谐波（n0）光谱, 观测到了n0光谱的精细结构及其频率间隔,由此推出激光与固体靶相互作用中产生的等离子体内的自生磁场达60-70特斯拉（T）量级, 且越接近靶法线方向磁场越强,其一维空间分布为环形。 这一结果为进一步研究强场物理中自生磁场的特性及等离子体的整体行为提供了依据。     

Chiral separation of α-cyclohexylmandelic acid enantiomers using ionic liquid/salt aqueous two-phase system

In this paper, an ionic liquid-based aqueous two-phase system (ILATPS) was applied to the chiral separation of α-cyclohexylmandelic acid (α-CHMA) enantiomers with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as the chiral selector. Several influencing parameters were investigated including the types and concentration of ionic liquids, the amount of phase-forming salt, temperature, mixing time, pH, and the content of HP-β-CD. The results showed that not all ILATPS had the ability to chirally recognise the selected enantiomers and that [C₄mim]BF₄/(NH₄)₂SO₄-based ATPS possessed the best enantioseparation ability of the investigated ILATPSs. Under optimal conditions, the separation factor (α) attained 1.59 in a single-step extraction. ILATPS is much “greener” than other liquid-liquid extraction systems, showing its potential for application to the chiral separation.     

双[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基锡]二元酸酯(CH2)n[CO2Sn(CH2CMe2Ph)3]2(n=5, 6)的合成、结构、热稳定性及生物活性

氧化双[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基]锡分别与庚二酸和辛二酸反应, 合成了2个双[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基锡]二元酸酯(CH₂)_n[CO₂Sn(CH₂CMe₂Ph)₃]₂[(n=5 (1), 6 (2)], 经IR、¹H和¹³C NMR、元素分析和X射线单晶衍射对化合物进行了表征。化合物属单斜晶系, 空间群为P2₁/c。锡原子均为畸型四面体构型, 化合物1以氢键作用形成一维链状结构, 化合物2以氢键和C-H…π作用形成二维网状结构。化合物1和2在340 ℃以下具有良好的热稳定性, 对人癌细胞Colo205、HepG2、MCF-7、Hela、NCI-H460均具有较好的体外抑制活性, 且具有一定的抑菌活性。     

二[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基锡]二元酸酯(CH2)n[CO2Sn(CH2CMe2Ph)3]2(n=2,3,4)的合成、结构及体外抗癌活性

丁二酸、戊二酸和己二酸分别与μ-氧-双[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基]锡反应,合成了3个二[三(2-甲基-2-苯基)丙基锡]二元酸酯(CH₂)_n[CO₂Sn(CH₂CMe₂Ph)₃]₂(n=2(1),3(2),4(3))。对化合物1~3进行了元素分析、红外光谱及核磁共振(¹H,¹³C)表征,并通过X-射线晶体衍射分析测定晶体结构。化合物中锡与配基原子构成畸型四面体构型。试验表明,化合物2和3均对人癌细胞Colo205、HepG2、MCF-7、Hela、NCI-H460的增殖具有较强的抑制作用。