用激光法测量凹透镜焦距的探究

结合简单的几何原理,根据激光光源的特性提出了一种简便测量凹透镜焦距的新方法.     

Concerted diffusion, clustering, and magnetic properties of Mn dopants on a 2 x 2-T4 GaN(0001) substrate

Based on first-principles calculations within density functional theory, we propose a kinetic pathway for Mn incorporation on reconstructed 2 x 2-T4 GaN(0001), characterized by concerted substitution of a Ga atom by a Mn adatom via a precursor surface site T4. The Mn dopants at low densities are randomly distributed, resulting in intrinsic diluted magnetic semiconductors (DMS). At high Mn densities, planar ferromagnetic clusters oriented in the (0001) plane can be readily formed at relatively low growth temperatures, but ferrimagnetic zigzag columns along the growth orientation will be formed at high temperatures. Furthermore, intrinsic DMS are more likely to be formed via codeposition of Mn+Ga+N at high growth rates. These findings help to explain the observed variations in both the magnetic ordering temperature TC and the magnetic nature of Ga1-xMnxN.     

The accuracy evaluation method of baseline estimation algorithms in energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis

In energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis (EDXRF), many baseline estimation algorithms have been proposed for the accurate characteristic peak area. However, the true value of the characteristic peak area of measured spectrum is unknown and cannot be used to evaluate the accuracy of the baseline estimation algorithms. In this article, an assessment method was proposed based on Monte Carlo simulation, which can obtain the characteristic peak area, and evaluate the accuracy of the baseline estimation algorithms directly. Meanwhile, the accuracy and practicality of four baseline estimation algorithms were evaluated by the assessment method, which include statistics-sensitive nonlinear iterative peak-clipping (SINP), fast Fourier transform (FFT), adaptive iteratively reweighted penalized least squares (AirPLS), and automated iterative moving averaging (AIMA). Comparing the relative error of the characteristic peak area, AirPLS gave the best performance for baseline estimation in EDXRF.     

Photothermal deflection measurement of effective gas diffusion coefficient of a porous medium

In this work, an effective gas diffusion coefficient of a porous medium was measured using photothermal deflection (PD) technique. An in-house made Loschmidt diffusion cell with a photothermal-deflection probe were employed to measure the effective gas diffusion coefficient of a gas diffusion layer (GDL) with a porosity ε ≈ 0.7. The concentration evolutions of CO₂ in O₂ with and without the GDL were measured, respectively, using a transverse normal PD technique. The concentration variations were used to deduce the gas diffusion coefficients in the presence and absence of the GDL by solving mass diffusion equations. The effective gas diffusion coefficient of the GDL was calculated from the diffusion coefficients using a model of an equivalent resistance to diffusion and found to be 4.39 × 10^-6 m²s^-1, demonstrating that PD technique can be employed to determine the effective gas diffusion coefficient of a porous medium.     

Dynamic vertical interaction of a foundation–soil system generated by seismic waves

Based on Biot's dynamic poroelastic theory, a foundation–soil interaction model is established to investigate the vertical vibrations of a rigid circular foundation on poroelastic soil excited by incident plane waves, including the fast P waves and SV waves. Scattering waves caused by the foundation and fluid–solid coupling due to the pore water in the soil are also considered in the model. The solution of the vertical vibrations of the foundation subjected to seismic waves are obtained by solving two sets of dual integral equations derived from the mixed boundary-value conditions. The different vertical vibrations of foundation rest on elastic and saturated half-space are compared. The influences of incident angle, permeability of soil and foundation mass on the vertical vibrations of the foundation are then discussed. The results show that resonant phenomenon of the foundation is observed at certain excitation frequencies; the effects of the pore water on the foundation vertical vibrations are significant. In addition, significant differences are found when the foundation is excited by P waves and SV waves, respectively.     

Virtual topology design scheme with energy efficiency for IP over elastic optical networks

The rapid growth of the Internet raises the importance of resource planning of Internet protocol（IP） over elastic optical networks（EONs）, which is a challenging task due to more complex and obscure physical constraints of it. Compared with network cost, the power consumption may eventually become the barrier to the expansion of the Internet. We present an energy-efficient virtual topology design（VTD） scheme for IP over EON. We explicitly explain and analyze the mixed integer linear programming model and the heuristic algorithm for this scheme. Numerical results show that the proposed VTD scheme can significantly save power consumption.     

Phase and shape controlling of MnS nanocrystals in the solvothermal process

MnS nanocrystals with different phases and shapes were prepared through solvothermal synthesis. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscope (TEM), UV–vis absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra. The solvent and reaction time played an important role in controlling the phase and shape of MnS nanocrystals. The possible mechanism of the shape evolution was investigated, which revealed that the crystal growth along the unique c axis of γ-MnS resulted in the rod-like MnS at the primary period, and the tetrahedral crystal seed of β-MnS with zincblende structure resulted in the interlinking of MnS rods, so the zigzag and three-branched and palm-like MnS appeared; with increasing reactive time the thermodynamically stable spherical α-MnS was favored through the Ostwald ripening process. The PL results showed that the intensity of γ-MnS was much weaker than that of α-MnS, and the trap state emissions of γ-MnS at 470 and 482 nm, respectively, disappeared, which might be ascribed to the difference of the shapes between the sphere and the rod or branch.     

不等缝宽多缝的夫琅禾费衍射及计算机模拟

基于复数法、积分法和矢量法研究不等间距多缝的夫琅禾费衍射的振幅和光强分布.应用Matlab软件进行数值模拟得到衍射图样,分析衍射图样.衍射振幅的推导方法和计算机模拟方法对于研究干涉、衍射等有一定的实际意义和指导意义.     

Exploring classically chaotic potentials with a matter wave quantum probe

We study an experimental setup in which a quantum probe, provided by a quasimonomode guided atom laser, interacts with a static localized attractive potential whose characteristic parameters are tunable. In this system, classical mechanics predicts a transition from regular to chaotic behavior as a result of the coupling between the different degrees of freedom. Our experimental results display a clear signature of this transition. On the basis of extensive numerical simulations, we discuss the quantum versus classical physics predictions in this context. This system opens new possibilities for investigating quantum scattering, provides a new testing ground for classical and quantum chaos, and enables us to revisit the quantum-classical correspondence.