Ultralow-loss Optical Waveguides through Balancing Deep-Blue TADF and Orange Room Temperature Phosphorescence in Hybrid Antimony Halide Microstructures

Harnessing the potential of thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF) and room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) is crucial for developing light-emitting diodes (LEDs), lasers, sensors, and many others. However, effective strategies in this domain are still relatively scarce. This study presents a new approach to achieving highly efficient deep-blue TADF (with a PLQY of 25 %) and low-energy orange RTP (with a PLQY of 90 %) through the fabrication of lead-free hybrid halides. This new class of monomeric and dimeric 0D antimony halides can be facilely synthesized using a bottom-up solution process, requiring only a few seconds to minutes, which offer exceptional stability and nontoxicity. By leveraging the highly adaptable molecular arrangement and crystal packing modes, the hybrid antimony halides demonstrate the ability to self-assemble into regular 1D microrod and 2D microplate morphologies. This self-assembly is facilitated by multiple non-covalent interactions between the inorganic cores and organic shells. Notably, these microstructures exhibit outstanding polarized luminescence and function as low-dimensional optical waveguides with remarkably low optical-loss coefficients. Therefore, this work not only presents a pioneering demonstration of deep-blue TADF in hybrid antimony halides, but also introduces 1D and 2D micro/nanostructures that hold promising potential for applications in white LEDs and low-dimensional photonic systems.     

Rotational spectra of the van der Waals complexes of molecular hydrogen and OCS

The a- and b-type rotational transitions of the weakly bound complexes formed by molecular hydrogen and OCS, para-H2-OCS, ortho-H2-OCS, HD-OCS, para-D2-OCS, and ortho-D2-OCS, have been measured by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. All five species have ground rotational states with total rotational angular momentum J=0, regardless of whether the hydrogen rotational angular momentum is j=0 as in para-H2, ortho-D2, and HD or j=1 as in ortho-H2 and para-D2. This indicates quenching of the hydrogen angular momentum for the ortho-H2 and para-D2 species by the anisotropy of the intermolecular potential. The ground states of these complexes are slightly asymmetric prolate tops, with the hydrogen center of mass located on the side of the OCS, giving a planar T-shaped molecular geometry. The hydrogen spatial distribution is spherical in the three j=0 species, while it is bilobal and oriented nearly parallel to the OCS in the ground state of the two j=1 species. The j=1 species show strong Coriolis coupling with unobserved low-lying excited states. The abundance of para-H2-OCS relative to ortho-H2-OCS increases exponentially with decreasing normal H2 component in H2He gas mixtures, making the observation of para-H2-OCS in the presence of the more strongly bound ortho-H2-OCS dependent on using lower concentrations of H2. The determined rotational constants are A=22 401.889(4) MHz, B=5993.774(2) MHz, and C=4602.038(2) MHz for para-H2-OCS; A=22 942.218(6) MHz, B=5675.156(7) MHz, and C=4542.960(7) MHz for ortho-H2-OCS; A=15 970.010(3) MHz, B=5847.595(1) MHz, and C=4177.699(1) MHz for HD-OCS; A=12 829.2875(9) MHz, B=5671.3573(7) MHz, and C=3846.7041(6) MHz for ortho-D2-OCS; and A=13 046.800(3) MHz, B=5454.612(2) MHz, and C=3834.590(2) MHz for para-D2-OCS.     

基于深圳市出租车轨迹数据的高效益寻客策略研究

出租车作为城市公共交通的重要补充形式,在居民日常出行中发挥着重要作用.然而,客源时空分布不均衡导致了出租车空载率高、寻客难度大等问题,降低了出租车的运营效率.随着ITS（intelligent transport system）技术的发展,越来越多的学者将出租车寻客模式作为其研究点,目前尚缺乏对基于寻客效益指标的寻客策略方法的研究.为了提高出租车寻客效益,提出了基于寻客效益指标模型的时空分析方法,将出租车载客态单位时间收入E及相邻空载态寻客时间T相结合作为寻客效益评价指标,并采用数理统计与地理统计相结合的方法,对高效益客源的时空分布特征进行研究.采用深圳市2011年4月18-24日一周内13 798辆出租车的GPS轨迹数据,分析了深圳市出租车的运营特点及人们出行需求的时空分布特征.结果表明：该方法能够较好地反映高效益客源的时空分布特征,为出租车高效益寻客提供辅助决策支持,也为出租车高效运营提供了新的视角.     

一种动态实时的遥感专题应用系统定制框架

遥感专题应用系统广泛用于遥感影像的加载、分析、专题提取、出图等.为实现遥感专题应用系统动态、实时和可扩展的定制化开发,设计了一套基于组件的遥感专题应用系统定制框架：定义了组件划分方式,将专题系统划分为功能类组件和容器类组件,建立了组件属性和组件间的关系;采用XML文件描述遥感专题应用系统中的组件,并提供从XML到遥感专题应用系统的解析方法;设计了遥感专题应用系统定制平台,提出一种动态实时的软件设计方法,可以“所见即所得”地定制遥感专题应用系统,并将其保存为XML文件.采用该定制平台定制的多个专题系统已应用于相关部门.该框架为快速高效定制遥感专题应用系统提供了一种新的开发设计模式,降低了遥感数据在多行业应用的技术门槛,减少重复性开发工作.     

纤维素酶水解动力学的人工神经网络模型研究

酶作用机制的模糊以及影响异相体系因素的大量存在, 使得纤维素水解的酶催化过程高度复杂, 很难为之建立理论模型. 采用非理论模型人工神经网络模拟和预测了纤维素酶水解反应, 并与常用的响应面模型进行了比较. 选取加酶量 X1, 底物浓度 X2 和反应时间 X3 作为自变量, 还原糖浓度 Y1 和原料转化率 Y2 作为响应值. 结果表明, 人工神经网络模型比响应面模型更适合作为研究纤维素酶水解的动力学工具. 在模拟过程中, 除中心试验点外, 只有 1 个试验点上人工神经网络模拟值 Y2 产生的误差大于响应面模型. 在预测过程中, 人工神经网络模型的预测值都比响应面模型更接近实验值.     

微藻脂肪合成与代谢调控

随着能源与环境问题的日益严峻,利用微藻生产生物柴油已经成为研究者们关注的焦点。与传统油料作物相比,微藻具有生长速度快、含油量高、不占用耕地等优势,是极具潜力的生物燃料生产原料。虽然许多微藻在压力条件下会在细胞内积累脂肪,特别是中性脂肪三酰甘油(TAG),它是生产生物柴油的主要原料,但目前对于微藻脂肪的合成和代谢调控还了解的很少。为了更好地理解和操纵微藻脂肪代谢以增强脂肪积累,本文综述了微藻脂肪合成与代谢调控的研究进展,包括TAG生物合成途径,提高脂肪积累的生化调控和基因工程策略,阐述了营养控制对脂肪积累的影响,总结了增强脂肪酸合成途径、增强Kennedy途径、调控TAG旁路途经、抑制脂肪合成的竞争途径、抑制脂肪的分解代谢等5种基因工程策略,同时也对微藻脂肪代谢研究的发展进行了展望。     

纳米尺度流动速度计算的新方法

采用流体力学中流量与流速的计算和分子动力学相结合的方法,模拟液态氩在纳米通道内的三维Poiseuille流动和驱动方腔流动,计算流体流速.结果表明:平板形纳米通道内,该方法求得的流速与传统分子动力学方法所求流速基本吻合,可以用该方法计算不同壁面情况下的流速;对于纳米方腔通道内的流体,在不同模型下两种方法计算出的流速分布大致相同,但是其边界速度差别很大,在边界的速度计算方面新方法的精确度更高,收敛速度比传统方法快.     

基于遥感影像的嘉兴市城市扩张与驱动力分析

在当前高速城市化的背景下,为及时了解嘉兴市的城市发展现状,使用遥感手段提取各时间段内城市的建设区域,并分析了扩张过程的时空特征,再结合社会经济数据探究了城市扩张的驱动力因素.结果表明：嘉兴市在1993~2013年间城市扩张明显,扩张速度和强度先增后减,扩张方向由西北转向南,扩张模式经历了“主动型-被动型-稳定型”的转变过程,扩张合理性较差,城市扩张速率高于人口增长速率,扩张驱动因子主要为经济发展、产业结构调整和人口增长.     

R1234yf在直线压缩机中替代R134a的实验研究

汽车空调系统中使用较多的制冷剂是R134a,但其GWP(全球变暖潜能值)高达1300,R1234yf作为一种新型制冷剂,其GWP仅为4,且具有与R134a相似的热力学性质。基于动磁式无油直线压缩机对R1234yf和R134a两种制冷剂的性能进行了试验分析,结果表明,当换热器温度分别为-3℃(蒸发器)、40℃(冷凝器)时,R1234yf和R134a的冷却能力分别为92 W和117 W;在冷凝器温度为50℃时,R1234yf的冷却性能与R134a几乎相同。验证了R1234yf替代R134a的可行性。     

Synthesis and electrochemical performances of Li4Ti4.95Zr0.05O12/C as anode material for lithium-ion batteries

Spinel Li₄Ti_5 − x Zr _x O₁₂/C (x = 0, 0.05) were prepared by a solution method. The structure and morphology of the as-prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The electrochemical performances including charge–discharge (0–2.5 V and 1–2.5 V), cyclic voltammetry, and ac impedance were also investigated. The results revealed that the Li₄Ti_4.95Zr_0.05O₁₂/C had a relatively smaller particle size and more regular morphology than that of Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C. Zr⁴⁺ doping enhanced the ability of lithium-ion diffusion in the electrode. It delivered a discharge capacity 289.03 mAh g⁻¹ after 50 cycles for the Zr⁴⁺-doped Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C while it decreased to 264.03 mAh g⁻¹ for the Li₄Ti₅O₁₂/C at the 0.2C discharge to 0 V. Zr⁴⁺ doping did not change the electrochemical process, instead enhanced the electronic conductivity and ionic conductivity. The reversible capacity and cycling performance were effectively improved especially when it was discharged to 0 V.