Hydrocarbon-Soluble Mercuracarborands: Syntheses, Halide Complexes, and Supramolecular Chemistry

The syntheses of macrocyclic species composed of carborane derivatives joined via their carbon vertices by electrophilic mercury atoms are described. The reaction of closo-1,2-Li(2)[C(2)B(10)H(10)(-)(x)()R(x)()] with HgI(2) gives Li(2)[(1,2-C(2)B(10)H(10)(-)(x)()R(x)()Hg)(4)I(2)] [R = Et, x = 2 (5.I(2)Li(2)); R = Me, x = 2 (6.I(2)Li(2)); R = Me, x = 4 (7.I(2)Li(2))]. 6.I(2)(K.[18]dibenzocrown-6)(2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/m [a = 28.99(2) ?, b = 18.19(1) ?, c = 13.61(1) ?, beta = 113.74(2) degrees, V = 6568 ?(3), Z = 4, R = 0.060, R(w) = 0.070]; 7.I(2)(NBu(4))(2) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c [a = 12.77(1) ?, b = 21.12(2) ?, c = 20.96(2) ?, beta = 97.87(2) degrees, V = 5600 ?(3), Z = 2, R = 0.072, R(w) = 0.082]. The precursor to 7, closo-8,9,10,12-Me(4)-1,2-C(2)B(10)H(8) (4), is made in a single step by reaction of closo-1,2-C(2)B(10)H(12) with MeI in trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. The free hosts 5, 6, and 7 are obtained by reaction of the iodide complexes with stoichiometric quantities of AgOAc. A (199)Hg NMR study indicates that sequential removal of iodide from 5.I(2)Li(2) and 6.I(2)Li(2) with aliquots of AgOAc solution leads to formation of two intermediate host-guest complexes in solution, presumed to be 5(6)ILi and 5(2)(6)(2).ILi. Crystals grown from a solution of 6.I(2)Li(2) to which 1 equiv of AgOAc solution had been added proved to be an unusual stack structure with the formula 6(3).I(4)Li(4) [tetragonal, I4/m, a = 21.589(2) ?, c = 21.666(2) ?, V = 10098 ?(3), Z = 2, R = 0.058, R(w) = 0.084]. Addition of 2 equiv of NBu(4)Br ion to 5 or 6 gives 5.Br(2)(NBu(4))(2) and 6.Br(2)(NBu(4))(2), respectively, while addition of 1 equiv of KBr to 6 forms 6.BrK. 5.Br(2)(NBu(4))(2) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P&onemacr;, [a = 10.433(1) ?, b = 13.013(1) ?, c = 15.867(2) ?, alpha = 91.638(2) degrees, beta = 97.186(3) degrees, gamma = 114.202(2) degrees, V = 1492 ?(3), Z = 1, R = 0.078, R(w) = 0.104]. The hosts 5 and 6 form 1:1 supramolecular adducts with the polyhedral anions B(10)I(10)(2)(-) and B(12)I(12)(2)(-) in solution.     

激光产生的钒硫簇离子的统计分布与结构探讨

以脉冲激光在高真空中溅射钒粉和硫粉的混合物，产生了一系列钒硫原子簇正负离子。根据对其实验记录的激光等离子体质谱进行分析，发现钒硫原子簇的化学键基本上是共价型的，对应于相同钒原子数目的正负离子的相对丰度分别符合于不同形式的对数正态分布。正离子的相对丰度随硫原子数的增加呈对数衰减，由此可以确定各种大小簇合物的簇骼与几何构型；负离子的相对丰度则基本上呈正常的正态分布，说明在簇骼上结合了不同数量硫原子的负离子之结构稳定性大致相近。在实验中还观察到一类硫原子含量较高的簇离子，其中的部分硫原子可能在本身成键形成环状的硫集团后，又与原来的簇骼结合，因而在硫原子数较多时它们的相对丰度符合另一条对数正态分布曲线。     

Hydrothermal Syntheses and Structural Characterization of Two Novel Arsenic–Vanadium Clusters: [Co(2,2′-bpy)3]2[As8V14O42(H2O)]·3H2O and [2,2′-bpy][Ni(2,2′-bpy)3]2[As8V14O42(H2O)]·3H2O

Two new arsenic–vanadium clusters, [Co(2,2- bpy)₃]₂[As₈V₁₄O₄₂(H₂O)] · 3H₂O (1), [2,2-bpy][Ni(2,2-bpy)₃]₂[As₈V₁₄O₄₂(H₂O)] · 3H₂O (2) (2,2-bpy=2,2-bipyridine), have been hydrothermally synthesized and characterized by IR, elemental analysis, UV–VIS, EPR, TGA, XPS, and single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystal data: 1, triclinic, P1, a=14.368(3) Å, b=16.753(3) Å, c=24.632(5) Å, =94.15(3)°, =93.16(3)°, =113.05(3)°, Z=2; 2, monoclinic, P2₁/c, a= 30.2150(4) Å, b=14.0690(3) Å, c=26.0536(3) Å, =106.8960(10)°, Z=4. X-ray crystallographic studies showed that crystals 1 and 2 are both composed of discrete cluster anion [As₈V₁₄O₄₂(H₂O)]^4– and transition metal coordination complexes [M(2,2-bpy)₃]²⁺ (M=Co or Ni). Interestingly, compound 2 contains another neutral organic space filler of 2,2-bpy. To the best of our knowledge, compounds 1 and 2 are the first examples of structurally characterized vanadium/2,2-bpy/arsenate polyoxometallates.     

Thermokinetic Studies of the Process for Electrorefining Silver

In this work some calorimetric measurements were also carried out on the electrorefining silver by using different current densities with a Calvet type microcalorimeter at room temperature. The ratio (R) of the measured heat (

Structural and process controls of AIEgens for NIR-II theranostics

Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) is a cutting-edge fluorescence technology, giving highly-efficient solid-state photoluminescence. Particularly, AIE luminogens (AIEgens) with emission in the range of second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000–1700 nm) have displayed salient advantages for biomedical imaging and therapy. However, the molecular design strategy and underlying mechanism for regulating the balance between fluorescence (radiative pathway) and photothermal effect (non-radiative pathway) in these narrow bandgap materials remain obscure. In this review, we outline the latest achievements in the molecular guidelines and photophysical process control for developing highly efficient NIR-II emitters or photothermal agents with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) attributes. We provide insights to optimize fluorescence efficiency by regulating multi-hierarchical structures from single molecules (flexibilization) to molecular aggregates (rigidification). We also discuss the crucial role of intramolecular motions in molecular aggregates for balancing the functions of fluorescence imaging and photothermal therapy. The superiority of the NIR-II region is demonstrated by fluorescence/photoacoustic imaging of blood vessels and the brain as well as photothermal ablation of the tumor. Finally, a summary of the challenges and perspectives of NIR-II AIEgens for in vivo theranostics is given.

Structural and process controls of NIR-II AIEgens realize manipulating of radiative (R) and nonradiative (NR) decay for precise theranostics.     

Quantitative interrogation of protein co-aggregation using multi-color fluorogenic protein aggregation sensors

Co-aggregation of multiple pathogenic proteins is common in neurodegenerative diseases but deconvolution of such biochemical process is challenging. Herein, we developed a dual-color fluorogenic thermal shift assay to simultaneously report on the aggregation of two different proteins and quantitatively study their thermodynamic stability during co-aggregation. Expansion of spectral coverage was first achieved by developing multi-color fluorogenic protein aggregation sensors. Orthogonal detection was enabled by conjugating sensors of minimal fluorescence crosstalk to two different proteins via sortase-tag technology. Using this assay, we quantified shifts in melting temperatures in a heterozygous model protein system, revealing that the thermodynamic stability of wild-type proteins was significantly compromised by the mutant ones but not vice versa. We also examined how small molecule ligands selectively and differentially interfere with such interplay. Finally, we demonstrated these sensors are suited to visualize how different proteins exert influence on each other upon their co-aggregation in live cells.

A little leak will sink a great ship! We prepared a series of multi-color protein aggregation sensors and developed a dual-color thermal shift assay to simultaneously and quantitatively report on protein co-aggregation of two different proteins.     

Divalent transition metal phosphonates with new structure containing hydrogen-bonded layers of phosphonate anions

A series of divalent transition metal phosphonates containing hydrogen-bonded layers of phosphonate anions, namely [M(phen)₃]·C₆H₅PO₃·11H₂O [M=Co(1), Ni(2), Cu(3)] and [Cd(phen)₃]·C₆H₅PO₃H·Cl·7H₂O (4) have been synthesized, structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction method. These compounds all crystallize in the triclinic system, space group P-1. The lattice parameters are a=12.1646(5), b=12.4155(6), c=15.4117(10) Å, α=78.216(2), β=79.735(3), γ=77.8380(3)°, V=2205.1(2) Å³, Z=2 for 1; a=12.097(2), b=12.606(3), c=15.742(3) Å, α=76.66(3), β=80.04(3), γ=77.75(3)°, V=2263.4(8) Å³, Z=2 for 2; a=12.058(2), b=12.518(3), c=15.781(3) Å, α=77.77(3), β=80.02(3), γ=77.91(3)°, V=2255.5(8) Å³, Z=2 for 3 and a=12.47680(10), b=12.6693(2), c=16.1504(3) Å, α=82.600(1), β=71.122(1), γ=77.355(1)°, V=2352.37(6) Å³, Z=2 for 4. All structures are refined by full-matrix least-squares methods [for 1, R1=0.0602 using 6458 independent reflections with I>2σ(I); for 2, R1=0.0632 using 4657 independent reflections with I>2σ(I); for 3, R1=0.0634 using 6221 independent reflections with I>2σ(I); for 4, R1=0.0400 using 7930 independent reflections with I>2σ(I)]. In the crystal structures, the phenylphosphonate anions and water molecules are hydrogen-bonded to form layers, and there exist the cationic species [M(phen)₃]²⁺ between the adjacent layers of anions and water. Luminescence, thermal analysis as well as IR spectroscopic studies are also presented.     

Synthesis of new 1,3-bis（phenylethynyl）disilazanes

Three new 1,3-bis(phenylethynyl)disilazanes were synthesized from the reaction of 1,3-dichlorodisilazanes with (phenylethy- nyl)lithium,and characterized by infrared (IR) spectra,nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS).     

对酞内酰胺苯甲酰氯柱前衍生反应HPLC分析痕量多胺

本文提出了一种快速、简便、灵敏检测痕量多胺的新方法。用对酞内酰胺苯甲酰氯同多胺进行柱前衍生反应,以反相高效液相色谱定量测定多胺含量。在4～500 pmol范围内有良好的定量线性关系,腐胺、精脒和精胺的检测限均为0.1 pmol。