全文获取类型
收费全文 | 38382篇 |
免费 | 7196篇 |
国内免费 | 5479篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 27662篇 |
晶体学 | 491篇 |
力学 | 2588篇 |
综合类 | 459篇 |
数学 | 4386篇 |
物理学 | 15471篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 113篇 |
2023年 | 743篇 |
2022年 | 1341篇 |
2021年 | 1365篇 |
2020年 | 1608篇 |
2019年 | 1501篇 |
2018年 | 1324篇 |
2017年 | 1224篇 |
2016年 | 1784篇 |
2015年 | 1852篇 |
2014年 | 2265篇 |
2013年 | 2788篇 |
2012年 | 3491篇 |
2011年 | 3606篇 |
2010年 | 2512篇 |
2009年 | 2462篇 |
2008年 | 2716篇 |
2007年 | 2358篇 |
2006年 | 2297篇 |
2005年 | 1910篇 |
2004年 | 1570篇 |
2003年 | 1235篇 |
2002年 | 1243篇 |
2001年 | 1056篇 |
2000年 | 848篇 |
1999年 | 862篇 |
1998年 | 634篇 |
1997年 | 615篇 |
1996年 | 618篇 |
1995年 | 522篇 |
1994年 | 487篇 |
1993年 | 359篇 |
1992年 | 301篇 |
1991年 | 279篇 |
1990年 | 240篇 |
1989年 | 185篇 |
1988年 | 178篇 |
1987年 | 125篇 |
1986年 | 105篇 |
1985年 | 76篇 |
1984年 | 59篇 |
1983年 | 52篇 |
1982年 | 39篇 |
1981年 | 35篇 |
1980年 | 23篇 |
1979年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1975年 | 8篇 |
1959年 | 5篇 |
1957年 | 8篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
141.
The nonradiative recombination effect on carrier dynamics in GalnNAs/GaAs quantum wells is studied by timeresolved photoluminescence (TRPL) and polarization-dependent TRPL at various excitation intensities. It is found that both recombination dynamics and spin relaxation dynamics strongly depend on the excitation intensity. Under moderate excitation intensities the PL decay curves exhibit unusual non-exponential behaviour. This result is well simulated by a rate equation involving both the radiative and non-radiative recombinations via the introduction of a new parameter of the effective concentration of nonradiative recombination centres in the rate equation. In the spin dynamics study, the spin relaxation also shows strong excitation power dependence. Under the high excitation power an increase of spin polarization degree with time is observed. This new finding provides a useful hint that the spin process can be controlled by excitation power in GaInNAs systems. 相似文献
142.
Characterization of iron surface modified by 2-mercaptobenzothiazole self-assembled monolayers 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A self-assembled monolayer of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (MBT) adsorbed on the iron surface was prepared. The films were characterized by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared reflection spectroscopy (FT-IR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Besides, the microcalorimetry method was utilized to study the self-assembled process on iron surface and the adsorption mechanism was discussed from the power-time curve. The results indicated that MBT was able to form a film spontaneously on iron surface and the presence of it could protect iron from corrosion effectively. However, the assembling time and the concentration influence the protection efficiency. Quantum chemical calculations, according to which adsorption mechanism was discussed, could explain the experimental results to some extent. 相似文献
143.
用硼氢化钠作还原剂,制备出两种相对稳定的含银纳米颗粒的水溶胶,用透射电镜(TEM)和光学吸收谱对这些颗粒进行了表征.当被还原的银离子较少时,所形成的银纳米颗粒较小,吸收峰呈现二极等离子体共振吸收峰.当被还原的银离子较多时,银纳米颗粒尺寸变大,并出现二极和四极共振吸收峰.在Ag纳米颗粒形成后,对其溶液稀释,发现其峰形保持不变,而峰位会出现红移,最大红移量可达到10 nm.透射电镜研究表明,低浓度溶胶中的Ag纳米颗粒尺寸较为均匀,平均直径12 nm.高浓度溶胶中的纳米颗粒尺寸呈双尺寸分布特点,少量颗粒直径小于14 nm,大部分颗粒直径大于20 nm. 相似文献
144.
Precise measurement of magnetic moment of short-lived β-emitting nuclei12B ( I π=1+, T 1/2=20.18 ms)
Zhou Dongmei Zheng Yongnan Du Enpeng Xu Yongjun Zhu Jiazheng Yuan Daqing Wang Zhiqiang Luo Hailong Zuo Yi Ma Ruigang Duan Xiao M. Mihara M. Fukuda K. Matsuta T. Minamisono Zhu Shengyun 《中国科学G辑(英文版)》2004,47(5):531-539
The spin polarized β-emitting nuclei12B (I
π=1+,T
1/2=20.18 ms) were produced by the nuclear reaction11B(d, p)12B and by the selection technique of the incident deuteron energy and the12B recoil angle following the nuclear reaction. The nuclear magnetic moment of the short-lived nuclei12B was measured by β-NMR with the β-NMR and β-NQR setup established for the first time in China. The nuclear magnetic moment
of12B was determined to be μ=0.99993±0.00048 nm org=0.99993±0.00048 after the precise correction of the Knight shift. 相似文献
145.
In this paper, multi-objective models for designing 3D trajectory of horizontal wells are developed in a fuzzy environment. Here, the objectives of minimizing the length of the trajectory and the error of entry target point are fuzzy in nature. Some parameters, such as initial value, end value, lower bound and upper bound of the curvature radius, tool-face angle and the are length of each curve section, are also assumed to be vague and imprecise. The impreciseness in the above objectives have been expressed by fuzzy linear membership functions and that in the above parameters by triangular fuzzy numbers. Models have been solved by the fuzzy non-linear programming method based on Zimmermann [1] and Lee and Li [2]. Models are applied to practical design of the horizontal wells. Numerical results illustrate the accuracy and efficiency of the fuzzy models. 相似文献
146.
An analytical approach for vibration response analysis of a beam with single passive constrained layer damping (PCLD) patch is presented. The governing equation of motion of the beam is firstly derived on the basis of an energy approach and the Lagrange equation. The noval contribution is that a third admissible function is introduced to represent the longitudinal displacements of the constraining layer in the PCLD patch when the assumed-modes method is applied for discretizing the governing equation. In conventional analytical approaches, only two admissible functions are used together with a longitudinal static equilibrium equation of a section of base beam or constraining layer. Comparison of the computational results from the proposed analytical approach and the conventional analytical approach as well as a commercial FEM code reveals that the proposed analytical approach can describe the vibration responses of the damped beam more accurately for commonly used viscoelastic material (VEM) layer in the PCLD patch while the conventional analytical approach, in general, overestimates the damping effects of the PCLD patch. The advantages and disadvantages of the proposed analytical approach and conventional analytical approach are discussed through some case studies. 相似文献
147.
将稀土配合物Eu(asprin)_3phen掺杂到导电聚合物PVK中,制成结构分别为ITO/PVK:RE配合物/LiF/AI(1),ITO/PVK:RE配合物/PBD/LiF/AI(2)的电致发光(EL)器件。发现二者的电致发光谱存在着较大的差别:在器件(1)中,来自Eu~(3 )的位于594nm(~5D_0→~7F_1)和614nm(~5D_0→~7F_2)处的发光强度大致相当,而在器件(2)中,EL主要来自Eu~(3 )位于614nm的发光,594nm处的发光很弱,与薄膜状态下的光致发光谱(PL)一致。并针对此现象进行了初步讨论。 相似文献
148.
149.
150.