液液萃取-原子荧光光谱法测定地表水中的甲基汞

介绍了一种将液液萃取分离富集方法与原子荧光光谱法联用直接测定环境水样中甲基汞的新方法。采用液液萃取法将甲基汞从样品基体中分离出来,发现了适合直接测定甲基汞的原子荧光光谱法分析条件,步骤简单,尽量避免了样品前处理和分析过程中的形态转化与干扰等问题。在最优化的实验条件下,方法检出限为5.0ng·L^-1,精密度（用RSD表示）为8.6%(甲基汞含量0.1μg·L^-1,n=7),对池塘水和河水进行加标回收实验,平均回收率在82.0%—109.0%之间。     

三氯化铝固载化的新方法

Al Cl3是化工、石油炼制和制药工业中广泛应用的重要催化剂之一 .但由于它具有腐蚀性 ,与产物分离麻烦以及产生大量污水等缺点 ,其使用日益受到限制 .为解决上述问题 ,人们对其固载化进行了长达 50多年的研究 ,研究的重点是通过化学反应把 Al Cl3嫁接到 γ-Al2 O3和 Si O2 等常用载体上 .主要方法有两种 :一种是气 -固反应法 [1～ 4 ] :先将 Al Cl3升华 ,再与固体载体反应 ;另一种是溶剂反应法[5～ 6] :将 Al Cl3溶解于 CCl4 ,CHCl3等溶剂中 ,通过浸泡、回馏等方法使 Al Cl3与固体载体反应 .一般认为 ,Al Cl3固载化机理是 Al Cl3…     

Lewis-base Adducts of Lead(Ⅱ) Compounds: Synthesis, Structure and Quantum Chemistry Calculation of Mononuclear Pb(phen)(SCN)2

1 INTRODUCTION [(phen)2Pb(NCS)(O2NO)][14] and Pb(phen)3 (SCN)2 .[15] We report and compare herein the synthesis and The coordination chemistry of lead(II) with N structural characterization of a novel lead thiocya-donor ligands has been widely investigated in the nate adduct with unusual four coordination Pb(II).past decade and frequently discussed with regard tothe stereochemical activity of valence shell lone elec- 2 EXPERIMENTALtron pairs[1～5]. The building of new molecule…     

Photonic ultrawideband signal generator using an optically injected chaotic semiconductor laser

We propose and demonstrate a method to generate ultrawideband (UWB) signals in the optical domain based on the chaotic dynamics of an optically injected semiconductor laser with optical feedback. The chaotic-UWB pulses with a fractional bandwidth of 116% and central frequency of 6.88?GHz are experimentally generated by controlling the injection strength and frequency detuning of the chaotic laser. The spectrum of the UWB signals is in full compliance with the Federal Communications Commission spectral mask, and the experimental results are qualitatively consistent with the simulated results.     

密度泛函理论对Cd_nTe_n(1≤n≤12)团簇结构与性质的研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的DMol 3软件包对CdnTen(1≤n≤12)团簇的几何结构进行优化,并对其能量、频率以及电子性质进行模拟分析.结果表明,团簇CdnTen(1≤n≤12)与团簇CdnSen(1≤n≤12)具有相似的最低能量结构:当n=1～3时,团簇的最低能量结构是平面结构;当n=4～12时,团簇的最低能量结构可以看成是由Cd2Te2和Cd3Te3团簇的最低能量结构组成的三维笼状结构;当n=12时,Cd12Te12团簇的最低能量结构为一个完美的球壳.随着团簇尺寸的增大,转移的电荷逐渐增加,转移的电荷量有达到块体中电荷值的趋势.团簇的总能量二阶有限差分,平均结合能以及能隙都显示团簇的幻数为Cd3Te3,Cd6Te6和Cd9Te9.     

黄酮糖苷Parkinsonin B的全合成

天然黄酮碳糖苷化合物特有的稳定性和显著的生物活性, 使其化学合成成为当今糖化学领域的研究热点之一. 本工作立体专一性地全合成了天然黄酮碳苷Parkinsonin B. 通过控制物质的量比, 首先高选择性合成了2-羟基-4,6-二甲氧基苯乙酮(3), 并与糖给体O-(2,3,4,6-四-O-苄基-α-D-葡萄糖基)三氯乙酰亚胺酯(7)发生立体专一性糖基化反应得到碳糖苷化合物8, 化合物8经查耳酮路线进而合成黄酮碳苷Parkinsonin B (1). 经IR, MS, ¹H NMR及元素分析证实了产物及中间体的结构, 同时讨论了全合成反应的主要影响因素, 并对其¹H NMR解析进行了探讨.     

高活性氨基胍树脂负载Pd(O)配合物的催化性能研究

以氨基碳酸胍改性氯球为载体,与氯化钯溶液反应并还原制备氨基胍树脂负载钯(O)催化剂.对催化剂进行了FT-IR,XRD,BET,TG-DTA表征.研究了该催化剂对各种取代卤代苯与丙烯酸、苯乙烯的Heck芳基化反应催化性能.实验结果表明,该催化剂对活性(吸电子基)溴代苯和碘苯具有良好的催化活性,对含活性吸电子基的溴代苯(4-溴苯甲醛和4-溴硝基苯)于140℃时能在22 min内完成Heck芳基化反应;催化剂具有较好的重复使用性能,在90℃下催化碘苯与丙烯酸的反应循环21次时仍能保持良好的催化活性.反应机理研究表明:催化反应的活性组分是可溶性钯物种;可溶性钯是由卤代苯与催化剂表面上的钯氧化加成所致.     

Preparation, characterization and evaluation of water-soluble l-cysteine-capped-CdS nanoparticles as fluorescence probe for detection of Hg(II) in aqueous solution

Water-soluble l-cysteine-capped-CdS nanoparticles were prepared in aqueous solution at room temperature through a straightforward one-pot process by using safe and low-cost inorganic salts as precursors, and characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction spectrometry, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry, spectrofluorometry and ultraviolet-visible spectrometry. The prepared l-cysteine-capped-CdS nanoparticles were evaluated as fluorescence probe for Hg(II) detection. The fluorescence quenching of the l-cysteine-capped-CdS nanoparticles depended on the concentration and pH of Hg(II) solution. Maximum fluorescence quenching was observed at pH 7.4 with the excitation and emission wavelengths of 360 nm and 495 nm, respectively. Quenching of its fluorescence due to Hg(II) at the 20 nmol l⁻¹level was unaffected by the presence of 5 × 10⁶-fold excesses of Na(I) and K(I), 5 × 10⁵-fold excesses of Mg(II), 5 × 10⁴-fold excesses of Ca(II), 500-fold excesses of Al(III), 91-fold excesses of Mn(II), 23.5-fold excesses of Pb(II), 25-fold excesses of Fe(III), 25-fold excesses of Ag(I), 8.5-fold excesses of Ni(II) and 5-fold excesses of Cu(II). Under optimal conditions, the quenched fluorescence intensity increased linearly with the concentration of Hg(II) ranging from 16 nmol l⁻¹ to 112 nmol l⁻¹. The limit of detection for Hg(II) was 2.4 nmol l⁻¹. The developed method was applied to the detection of trace Hg(II) in aqueous solutions.     

没食子酸的激光光解研究

The transient species of gallic acid(GA)have been studied by 266 nm nanosecond laser flash photolysis inaqueous solution and acetonitrile.The intermediate with absorption at 320 nm was identified as excited triplet state(~3GA~*),the decay rates of which were obtained in aqueous solution and acetonitrile respectively.Energy transferfrom ~3GA~* to β-carotene was observed and the energy transfer rate constant k_(ent)was determined to be 2.2×10~9mol~(-1)·L·s~(-1).GA underwent photoionization during photolysis and the quantum yield of photoionization was de-termined to be 0.12 at room temperature with KI as a reference.     

Control of surface morphology of polypropylene/polystyrene blend pellets prepared by diffusion and subsequent polymerization of styrene in isotactic polypropylene pellets

Inhibitor hydroquinone (HQ) was added to the reaction system to prepare polypropylene/polystyrene (PP/PS) blend pellets without PS on the surface during diffusion and subsequent polymerization of styrene in isotactic polypropylene pellets. The effects of the amount of HQ on diametrical distribution of PS, surface morphology of the pellets and phase morphology inside the blend pellets were investigated.