A structurally ordered thiophene-thiazole copolymer for organic thin-film transistors

This paper reports a new donor-acceptor copolymer semiconductor, PTBTh, comprising bithiophene and bithiazole where the regular coplanar structure and the intramolecular charge transfer are expected to increase the opportunity for --- stacking and charge transport. The AFM image shows lamellar stacking of the polymer on the surface. The field-effect transistor (FET) properties of PTBTh have been evaluated by a bottom-contact/bottom-gate TFT configuration. The device showed a high hole mobility of 1.14×10-2 cm2 V-1 s-1 and a current on/off ratio of 3×105 with the polymer thin film annealed at a mild temperature of 120 ℃ when measured under ambient conditions.     

丝网印刷法制备高催化活性对电极

对电极在染料敏化太阳能电池（DSCs）中主要起催化氧化还原反应及收集电荷的作用,铂对电极常用的制备方法为磁控溅射法,但其成本较高,制备条件苛刻. 本文通过引入低成本的表面活性剂Span-85,所制得的铂对电极的附着力、透光率和均匀性显著改善,实现了面积可控,与两步浸泡法和旋涂热解法制备的对电极在DSCs中的光电转换效率分别为7.30%,6.96%和7.03%. 紫外-可见吸收光谱、扫描电镜和附着力测试等结果表明,（1）添加表面活性剂有利于增加附着力及改善透光率和均匀性;（2）使用该法制备的Pt/FTO对电极的透光率与两步浸泡法制作的相同,且铂粒子分布更加均匀. 电化学阻抗图谱、塔菲尔极化曲线和循环伏安曲线结果表明,丝网印刷方法制备的Pt/FTO对电极具有更加优异的催化性能,且该法更有利于降低其生产成本和大规模生产.     

多金属氧酸盐催化的水氧化研究进展

氢气以其清洁无污染、燃烧值高等优点成为未来最具潜力的可再生能源之一,而清洁生产氢气的最佳选择之一即为裂解水. 利用太阳能模拟光合作用实现水的全分解产生氢气和氧气是目前最为理想的能源转化方式,并且已经引起了众多研究者的关注. 水分解的半反应之一--水氧化反应由于其过程复杂,一直是制约水分解的瓶颈. 所以寻找高效、稳定的水氧化催化剂便成为了突破该瓶颈的关键. 多金属氧酸盐是一类以前过渡金属氧簇为基本单元形成的多金属氧簇化合物. 由于多金属氧酸盐在物理、化学性质方面具有无法比拟的特性,使得其在催化、药物、纳米科技和材料科学等方面已被广泛地应用. 多金属氧酸盐的全无机配体可很好地抵御水氧化反应的强氧化性环境,故将其作为水氧化催化剂越来越引起研究者们的注意,并且已有多种多金属氧酸盐被设计为水氧化催化剂. 本文详细介绍了各种不同过渡金属取代的多金属氧酸盐水氧化催化剂的研究进展.     

发展高效的不对称Suzuki-Miyaura偶联反应及其合成应用

为解决不对称Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联反应中活性和选择性问题,我们设计并发展了一系列结构刚性的手性联芳基单膦配体.在发展高活性的大位阻交叉偶联反应方面,成功地实现了邻位四取代芳基芳基之间的Suzuki-Miyaura交叉偶联,并发展了官能团化的大位阻交叉偶联,在邻位二取代芳基溴苯与二级烷基硼酸之间的大位阻芳基烷基交叉偶联中也取得进展.在发展高立体选择性的交叉偶联反应方面,我们采用手性大位阻单膦配体和底物间次级作用相结合的设计理念,利用苯并噁唑啉酮辅基和芳基间的π-π作用,成功地发展了高立体选择性的邻位酰基化芳基芳基间不对称Suzuki-Miyaura偶联;利用极性基团双(2-氧代-3-噁唑烷基)次磷酰基(BOP)辅基和芳基间的极性π作用,成功地实现了应用性强的邻位氧基取代芳基芳基间高效不对称Suzuki-Miyaura偶联.最后我们首次将高效的不对称SuzukiMiyaura偶联方法学应用于天然产物合成,完成了手性联芳基天然产物Korupensamine A和Korupensamine B的高效不对称合成,并完成天然产物Michellamine B的立体选择性全合成.     

生物法PTT纤维及原料研究进展

生物质材料在许多领域显现出广阔的应用前景。PTT纤维作为生物质纤维新品种,以其优良的性能、环保和可持续发展成为业内研究的新热点。系统介绍了国内外生物法1,3-丙二醇研究进展及生产概况,指出微生物法的能耗优势和技术瓶颈;详细综述了生物法PTT纤维制备、结构及性能等方面的研究进展,阐明了发展生物法纤维及其制品的有利形势。随着生物法1,3-丙二醇制备技术的日臻完善,长期制约PTT纤维发展的原料成本进一步降低,生物法PTT纤维的高速发展值得期待。     

新型exTTF衍生物的合成及其与四氯对苯醌的电子转移

以9,10-二蒽醌和1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-硫酮(1和3)为原料,利用亚磷酸三乙酯为偶联剂的Wittig交叉偶合反应合成exTTF化合物9-(4,5-二氰乙基硫基-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基)-10-[(4,5-亚乙基硫基)-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基]-9,10-二氢蒽(4).在氢氧化铯存在下,化合物4与2-氯乙氧基乙醇反应得到exTTF化合物9-[4-氰乙基硫基-5-(2-(2-羟乙氧基)乙基硫基-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基)]-10-[(4,5-亚乙基硫基)-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基]-9,10-二氢蒽(5).利用Mitsunobu反应,在偶氮二甲酸二乙酯和三苯基膦催化下,化合物5与对硝基苯酚反应得到exTTF化合物9-{4-氰乙基硫基-5-[2-(2-对硝基苯氧乙氧基)乙基硫基]-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基}-10-[(4,5-亚乙基硫基)-1,3-二硫代环戊烯-2-亚甲基]-9,10-二氢蒽(6).同时,X射线衍射分析了exTTF化合物4的晶体结构.循环伏安法研究表明化合物6呈现准可逆的两电子转移过程.利用紫外光谱法研究了exTTF化合物6与四氯对苯醌分子间的电子转移行为.结果表明,非氧化性金属阳离子Sc3+,Al3+和Pb2+可以有效促进电子供体6与电子接受体四氯对苯醌的分子间的电子转移行为.     

Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry determination of free and conjugated estrogens in breast cancer patients before and after exemestane treatment

We report liquid chromatographic separation with tandem mass spectrometry determination of 12 endogenous estrogens and their intact conjugates in blood and urine and its application to study effects of exemestane treatment on estrogen generation and metabolism in postmenopausal women with estrogen-dependent breast cancer. A 0.5 mL aliquot of each urine or serum sample is fractionated with solid phase extraction to a fraction of free estrogen and another fraction of their conjugates. The reversed phase LC/MS/MS determines dansylated estrogens with positive ionization and intact conjugates with negative ionization. The method provides reproducible separation and limit of detection as low as 1 pg mL⁻¹ for free estrogens and 0.03 ng mg⁻¹ creatinine for the conjugates in serum and urine samples. The method enabled us to acquire unique concentration profiles of 12 endogenous estrogens and their intact conjugates in 30 breast cancer patients before and after one month of exemestane treatment. Exemestane suppressed total serum and urinary estrogens by 11–97% (P < 0.0001) and 8.7–91% (P < 0.0001), respectively. Specifically, these data show that exemestane preferentially suppressed E1, E1-3S, E1-3G, and E2-17G more than other estrogens. Linear regression analysis of estrogen concentrations before and after treatment showed correlation coefficients of 0.8385 (n = 289, P < 0.0001) and 0.8863 (n = 360, P < 0.0001). This study provides urinary and blood estrogen concentration profiles in breast cancer patients to demonstrate the effect of exemestane on estrogen generation, supporting inhibition of aromatase activity.     

Syntheses,Structures, and Properties of the 3D Lanthanide Organic Frameworks with N‐Heterocyclic Polycarboxylic Acids

Four 3D lanthanide organic frameworks from potassium pyrazine‐2, 3, 5, 6‐tetracarboxylate (K₄pztc) or potassium pyridine‐2, 3, 5, 6‐tetracarboxylate (K₄pdtc), namely, {[KEu(pztc)(H₂O)₂] · H₂O}_n ( 1 ), {[KTb(pztc)(H₂O)₂] · 1.25H₂O}_n ( 2 ), {[KLn(pdtc)(H₂O)] · H₂O}_n [Ln = Gd ( 3 ), Ho ( 4 )], were synthesized by reaction of the corresponding lanthanide oxides with K₄pztc or K₄pdtc in presence of HCl under hydrothermal conditions, and characterized by elemental analysis, TGA, IR and fluorescence spectroscopy as well as X‐ray diffraction. In complexes 1 and 2 , the dodecadentate chelator pztc^4– links four Ln^III ions and four K^I ions. The coordination mode of the pztc^4– ligand is reported for the first time herein. Complexes 3 and 4 are isostructural with earlier reported Nd, Dy, Er complexes. Moreover, the Eu^III and Tb^III complexes exhibit the characteristic luminescence.     

Synthesis,Physical Properties,and Anion Recognition of Two Novel Larger Azaacenes: Benzannelated Hexazaheptacene and Benzannelated N,N′‐Dihydrohexazaheptacene

Two novel larger azaacenes with six or ten N atoms in their backbones, benzannelated 9,11,13,22,24,26‐hexazatetrabenzo[a,c,l,n]heptacene ( HATBH , 1 ) and benzannelated 9,26‐dihydro‐9,11,13,22,24,26‐hexaza‐tetrapyrido[3,2‐a: 2′,3′‐c: 3′′,2′′‐l: 2′′′,3′′′‐n]heptacene ( DHATPH, 2 ), have been successfully synthesized in two steps. The theoretical band gaps estimated through DFT calculations for HATBH ( 1 ) and DHATPH ( 2 ) are 1.949 eV and 2.278 eV, which are close to the experimentally obtained optical band gaps (2.14 eV and 2.39 eV). Interestingly, HATBH ( 1 ) can act as efficient anion sensor for F^? and H₂PO₄^?, while DHATPH ( 2 ) selectively responds to F^? among the ten different anions used (F^?, Cl^?, Br^?, I^?, PF₆^?, HSO₄^?, NO₃^?, BF₄^?, AcO^?, and H₂PO₄^?). Our synthetic strategy could offer a promising and easy way to obtain even larger azaacenes.     

核化学与放射化学的研究进展

在我国核能快速发展的新形势下,新型核能资源的开发、乏燃料后处理、放射性废物处理与处置等核燃料循环化学研究日益活跃。随着科学技术的不断发展,离子加速器、反应堆、各种类型的探测器和分析设备、以及计算机技术等的发展,核化学与放射化学研究的范围和成果在不断扩展和增加,如核安全、环境放射化学、放射分析化学、放射性药物与标记化合物等,研究成果对于国防建设、核能发展、核技术应用等方面具有重要支撑作用。本文综述了近年来国内在上述领域所取得的研究进展。共引用参考文献161篇。