Mössbauer study of Fe-B alloys containing Nd additives

The influence of a few percent neodynium additives to Fe-B alloy on the hyperfine parameters was investigated. It was found that Nd decreases the hyperfine field of amorphous Fe-B alloys. The samples annealed at temperatures between 600°C and 700°C contain α-Fe and Fe₃B phases. The average hyperfine field of Fe₃B phase increases with increasing Nd content and decreases with increasing annealing temperature. The average isomer shift of Fe₃B phase decreases with increasing Nd content. The experimental data show that the change of hyperfine parameters of the Fe₃B phase in the studied alloys is due to Nd atom.     

A vector radiative transfer model for coupled atmosphere and ocean systems with a rough interface

We report on an exact vector (polarized) radiative transfer (VRT) model for coupled atmosphere and ocean systems. This VRT model is based on the successive order of scattering (SOS) method, which virtually takes all the multiple scattering processes into account, including atmospheric scattering, oceanic scattering, reflection and transmission through the rough ocean surface. The isotropic Cox–Munk wave model is used to derive the ref and transmission matrices for the rough ocean surface. Shadowing effects are included by the shadowing function. We validated the SOS results by comparing them with those calculated by two independent codes based on the doubling/adding and Monte Carlo methods. Two error analyses related to the ocean color remote sensing are performed in the coupled atmosphere and ocean systems. One is the scalar error caused by ignoring the polarization in the whole system. The other is the error introduced by ignoring the polarization of the light transmitted through the ocean interface. Both errors are significant for the cases studied. This code fits for the next generation of ocean color study because it converges fast for absorbing medium as, for instance, ocean.     

Cosmological constraints from radial baryon acoustic oscillation measurements and observational Hubble data

We use the Radial Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (RBAO) measurements, distant type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), the observational H(z)$H(z)$ data (OHD) and the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) shift parameter data to constrain cosmological parameters of ΛCDM$\mathrm{\Lambda }\text{CDM}$ and XCDM cosmologies and further examine the role of OHD and SNe Ia data in cosmological constraints. We marginalize the likelihood function over h   by integrating the probability density P∝e−χ²/2$P\propto e^{-{\chi }^2/2}$ to obtain the best fitting results and the confidence regions in the Ωm–ΩΛ${\Omega }_m\text{–}{\Omega }_{\Lambda }$ plane. With the combination analysis for both of the ΛCDM$\mathrm{\Lambda }\text{CDM}$ and XCDM models, we find that the confidence regions of 68.3%, 95.4% and 99.7% levels using OHD+RBAO+CMB$\text{OHD}+\text{RBAO}+\text{CMB}$ data are in good agreement with that of SNe Ia+RBAO+CMB$\text{Ia}+\text{RBAO}+\text{CMB}$ data which is consistent with the result of Lin et al.'s (2009) [24] work. With more data of OHD, we can probably constrain the cosmological parameters using OHD data instead of SNe Ia data in the future.     

飞秒激光烧蚀铝靶产生喷射物的超快脉冲数字全息诊断

采用脉冲数字显微全息技术,对50 fs单脉冲激光烧蚀铝靶过程中的物质喷射以及等离子体演化的动态过程进行了实验研究,获得了高时空分辨的动态数字全息图.由全息图观察到了热弹力波引起的二次喷射现象,并且报道了大延迟下喷射物质对400 nm探测光所引起的干涉条纹的反常移动现象.通过对全息图进行数字再现,得到了不同延迟下探测光穿过等离子体后的二维相位分布,并运用逆Abel变换算法获得了等离子体折射率以及等效电子密度的时空演化动态过程.根据实验以及计算所得到的有关于喷射物的光学性质,对喷射物的结构和成分进行了分析. 关键词： 脉冲数字全息 飞秒激光烧蚀 超快时间分辨 等离子体     

Investigation on properties of P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) polyampholyte nanogels

P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) polyampholyte nanogels (PANGs) were prepared by distillation-dispersion copolymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MPEGMA), N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA), and methacrylic acid (MAA) using acetonitrile (AN) as dispersion medium. The results of FTIR spectra indicate that the composition of P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) PANGs is consistent with the designed structure. The results of TEM and laser particle size analyzer (LPSA) show that P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) PANGs present spherical morphology and a bimodal size distribution after and before swelling. P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) PANGs have typically amphoteric characters responding to pH, whose isoelectric point (IEP) increases with decreasing the ratio of MAA/DMAEMA and equilibrium swelling degree (ESD) is greater than that at IEP when the pH value is distant from IEP. P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) PANGs also represent ionic strength sensitivity. Using the water-soluble chitosan (CS, Mn = 5 kDa) as model drug, in vitro release indicates that CS can be effectively incorporated into PANGs and the release rate of CS at pH 1.89 is an order of magnitude greater than that at pH 8.36. P((MAA-co-DMAEMA)-g-EG) PANGs may be useful in biomedicine, especially in oral drug delivery of biomacromolecule.     

Simulation model for shapiro time delay and light deflection experiments

The time delay experiment proposed by I.I. Shapiro in 1964 and conducted in the seventies was the most precise experiment of general relativity until that time. Further experimentation has improved the accuracy level of both the time delay and the light deflection experiments. A simulation model is proposed that involves only a simple mass and time transformation factor involving velocity of light. The light deflection and the time delay experiments are numerically simulated using this model that does not use the general relativistic equations. The computed values presented in this paper compare well with recent levels of accuracy of their respective experimental results.     

Scanning mirror on a vibrating membrane for dynamic optical trapping

A study of the variation of the spectral shape and the harmonic distribution of the high-order harmonics generated from silver plasma on the frequency chirp of the driving laser radiation (793 nm 48 fs) is reported. The results of the systematic study of the harmonic generation from the 21st order up to the 61st order (λ=13 nm) are presented. A tuning of the harmonic wavelength up to 0.8 nm can be accomplished by variation of the laser chirp. PACS 42.65.Ky; 42.79.Nv; 52.38.Mf     

Magnetic characterization of dual phase FeZrB soft magnetic alloy

The magnetic properties and the annealing process of Fe₇₈Zr₇B₁₅ amorphous ribbons are investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry, and vibrating sample magnetometer. The fully amorphous structure of the as-quenched ribbons is confirmed by the XRD pattern. The Curie temperature and the saturation magnetization M_s of the ribbons are 305 °C and 124.3 emu/g, respectively. Annealing at 550 °C can result in an increase in M_s with annealing time due to the increasing crystallized volume fraction of α-Fe phase. The optimized annealing process is established at 550 °C for 20-30 min with maximum M_s of 146.6 emu/g. The morphology of the ribbons annealed at 550 °C is observed by scanning electron microscopy, showing that nanocrystalline α-Fe grains are dispersed in an amorphous matrix.     

应用相息图再现二元图像的振幅配置法

针对应用相息图再现二元图像的图像质量劣化问题，提出一种基于对二元图像进行振幅补偿的改进方法，对二元图像的零振幅区进行一个微小量的振幅配置，实现该区域相位对迭代的参与，从而增加了相息图设计的自由度，改善了二元图像的质量。通过对模拟实验结果的比较分析，讨论了振幅补偿对二元图像质量的改善效果。