全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5261篇 |
免费 | 959篇 |
国内免费 | 750篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 3982篇 |
晶体学 | 67篇 |
力学 | 425篇 |
综合类 | 66篇 |
数学 | 542篇 |
物理学 | 1888篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 21篇 |
2023年 | 110篇 |
2022年 | 204篇 |
2021年 | 222篇 |
2020年 | 276篇 |
2019年 | 235篇 |
2018年 | 197篇 |
2017年 | 210篇 |
2016年 | 266篇 |
2015年 | 297篇 |
2014年 | 352篇 |
2013年 | 410篇 |
2012年 | 498篇 |
2011年 | 509篇 |
2010年 | 348篇 |
2009年 | 347篇 |
2008年 | 318篇 |
2007年 | 261篇 |
2006年 | 232篇 |
2005年 | 217篇 |
2004年 | 197篇 |
2003年 | 161篇 |
2002年 | 169篇 |
2001年 | 172篇 |
2000年 | 106篇 |
1999年 | 110篇 |
1998年 | 89篇 |
1997年 | 65篇 |
1996年 | 83篇 |
1995年 | 50篇 |
1994年 | 62篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 25篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 18篇 |
1989年 | 12篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 8篇 |
1986年 | 13篇 |
1985年 | 7篇 |
1984年 | 2篇 |
1983年 | 4篇 |
1982年 | 8篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有6970条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
121.
122.
Papadakis NG Xing D Huang CL Hall LD Carpenter TA 《Journal of magnetic resonance (San Diego, Calif. : 1997)》1999,137(1):67-82
This study has investigated the effects of the selection of the diffusion-weighted (DW) gradient directions on the precision of a diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) experiment. The theoretical analysis provided a quantitative framework in which the noise performance of DTI schemes could be assessed objectively and for the development of novel DTI schemes, which employ multiple DW gradient directions. This generic framework was first applied to the examination of two commonly used DTI schemes, which employed 6 DW gradient directions and hitherto were used indiscriminately under the sole condition of noncollinearity. It was then used to design and assess a novel 12-DW-gradient-direction DTI protocol, which employed the same total number of DW acquisitions as the two conventional schemes (12). This theoretical investigation was then corroborated using rigorous simulation and DTI experiments on both an isotropic phantom and a healthy human brain. Both the theoretical and the experimental analysis demonstrated that the two conventional schemes showed a significantly different noise performance and that use of the new multiple-DW-gradient-direction scheme clearly improved the precision of the DTI measurements. 相似文献
123.
124.
Xing Chen Wenguang Zhao Feng Wang Jie Xu .Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy State 《天然气化学杂志》2012,(5):481-487
Preparation of dispersed transition metal oxides catalyst with low oxidation state still remains a challenging task in heterogeneous catalysis.In this study,vanadium oxides supported on zeolite SBA-15 have been prepared under hydrothermal condition using V 2 O 5 and oxalic acid as sources of vanadium and reductant,respectively.The structures of samples,especially the oxidation state of vanadium,and the surface distribution of vanadium oxide species,have been thoroughly characterized using various techniques,including N 2-physisorption,X-ray diffraction(XRD),transmission electron microscopy(TEM),X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS),UV-visible spectra(UV-Vis) and UV-visible-near infrared spectra(UV-Vis-NIR).It is found that the majority of supported vanadium was in the form of vanadium(IV) oxide species with the low valence of vanadium.By adjusting hydrothermal treatment time,the surface distribution of vanadium(IV) oxide species can be tuned from vanadium(IV) oxide cluster to crystallites.These materials have been tested in the hydroxylation of benzene to phenol in liquid-phase with molecular oxygen in the absence of reductant.The catalyst exhibits high selectivity for phenol(61%) at benzene conversion of 4.6%,which is a relatively good result in comparison with other studies employing molecular oxygen as the oxidant. 相似文献
125.
Straight-chain aliphatic terr-amine N-oxides were found to be useful oxidizing agent for epoxidation of tri- and tetra-substituted perfluoroalkenes under mild conditions in high yields.The process for epoxidation by employing tri-n-butylamine N-oxide gave the best result in the reagent survey. 相似文献
126.
127.
Tailorable PC71BM Isomers: Using the Most Prevalent Electron Acceptor to Obtain High‐Performance Polymer Solar Cells
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Xin‐Xing Zhan Xin Zhang Si‐Min Dai Shu‐Hui Li Xu‐Zhai Lu Dr. Lin‐Long Deng Prof. Su‐Yuan Xie Prof. Rong‐Bin Huang Prof. Lan‐Sun Zheng 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(52):18709-18713
Despite being widely used as electron acceptor in polymer solar cells, commercially available PC71BM (phenyl‐C71‐butyric acid methyl ester) usually has a “random” composition of mixed regioisomers or stereoisomers. Here PC71BM has been isolated into three typical isomers, α‐, β1‐ and β2‐PC71BM, to establish the isomer‐dependent photovoltaic performance on changing the ternary composition of α‐, β1‐ and β2‐PC71BM. Mixing the isomers in a ratio of α/β1/β2=8:1:1 resulted in the best power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 7.67 % for the polymer solar cells with PTB7:PC71BM as photoactive layer (PTB7=poly[[4,8‐bis[(2‐ethylhexyl)oxy]benzo[1,2‐b:4,5‐b′]dithiophene‐2,6‐diyl][3‐fluoro‐2‐[(2‐ethylhexyl)carbonyl]thieno[3,4‐b]thiophenediyl]]). The three typical PC71BM isomers, even though sharing similar LUMO energy levels and light absorption, render starkly different photovoltaic performances with average‐performing PCE of 1.28–7.44 % due to diverse self‐aggregation of individual or mixed PC71BM isomers in the otherwise same polymer solar cells. 相似文献
128.
Asymmetric Michael Addition of Aldimino Esters with Chalcones Catalyzed by Silver/Xing‐Phos: Mechanism‐Oriented Divergent Synthesis of Chiral Pyrrolines
下载免费PDF全文
![点击此处可从《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》网站下载免费的PDF全文](/ch/ext_images/free.gif)
Xing‐Feng Bai Dr. Li Li Dr. Zheng Xu Dr. Zhan‐Jiang Zheng Prof. Dr. Chun‐Gu Xia Dr. Yu‐Ming Cui Prof. Dr. Li‐Wen Xu 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2016,22(30):10399-10404
The mechanism‐oriented reaction design for the divergent synthesis of chiral molecules from simple starting materials is highly desirable. In this work, aromatic amide‐derived nonbiarylatropisomer/silver (silver/Xing‐Phos) complex was used to catalyze the Michael addition of glycine aldimino esters to chalcones and successfully applied to the subsequent cyclocondensation to afford substituted cis‐Δ(1)‐pyrroline derivatives with up to 98 % ee. Besides the inherent performance of the chiral Ag/Xing‐Phos catalyst system, it was found that the workup of such reactions played an important role for the stereoselective construction of stereodivergent Δ(1)‐pyrrolines, in which an epimerization of the cis‐Δ(1)‐pyrrolines to the trans‐isomers during was revealed. 相似文献
129.
NH3–plasma treated multi-walled carbon nanotubes (pn-MWCNTs) with cation traps for the detection of ultratrace quantities of Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Hg(II) using square wave anodic stripping voltammetry (SWASV) is described. The pn-MWCNTs use their adsorption performance to enhance the sensitivity. It is found that under optimized conditions Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II) and Hg(II) were individually detected at potentials of −1.16, −0.78, −0.268 and 0.108 V, respectively. The detection limit (3σ method) of 0.314, 0.0272, 0.2263, and 0.1439 nM toward Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Hg(II) is achievable, respectively. No interference could be seen during the simultaneous detection of Zn(II), Cd(II), Cu(II), and Hg(II). The pn-MWCNTs exhibit excellent selectivity owing to the different ability of adsorption. A study of the ability of pn-MWCNTs in practical application is carried out using a sample of water collected from Dongpu Reservoir in Hefei City, Anhui, China. It is found that the results were favorable when compared against inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) analysis. 相似文献
130.
正Molecular materials,together with metals,ceramics,and polymer materials,are among the most important materials.The research efforts on molecular materials are targeting three main aspects,namely the assembly technique,multi-functionality,and their diverse application.In this regard,the main attention from the community is focused on the identification and 相似文献