两亲性丙烯酸酯共聚物的聚合研究

利用过氧化苯甲酰为引发剂探讨了甲基丙烯酸β－羟乙酯和丙烯酸长链烷基酯的自由基共聚合。重点讨论了合成条件如溶剂、沉淀剂、引发剂用量、单体配比、反应时间等对共聚反应的影响以及各种聚合条件对该共聚物的组成、结构和性能的影响。并用ＩＲ，ＧＰＣ，＾１３ＣＮＭＲ等手段对共聚物进行了表征。     

Prediction of retention indexes. I. Structure-retention index relationship on apolar columns

A simple method is reported for predicting the retention index (RI) of a chemical compound from the number of carbon and carbon equivalent atoms in the molecule, the RI increment for atom addition and the group retention factors (GRFs) for substituents and functional groups. Atoms other than carbon such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, chlorine, bromine and iodine are assigned carbon atom equivalency of approximately 1, 1, 2, 2, 3 and 4, respectively and are counted for their contribution towards RI prediction. The GRFs of substituents and functional groups are derived from the RIs of reference compounds and series of homologues. Ring structures, ring fusion, ring connection, iso- and neo-carbons, chain branching and unsaturation are also assigned GRFs. The predicted RIs of a number of alicyclic, aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols, phenols, aliphatic amines, aromatic amines, heterocyclics, carboxylic acids, acid esters, aldehydes, ketones, and halogenated compounds, are found to be within +/- 3% of the observed values. The structure-retention index relationship thus developed is extremely useful in the tentative identification of radioactive side products formed in tritium labeling by radiation-induced methods.     

Structure and Magnetic Properties of a Novel Two‐Dimensional Complex from 1, 3, 5‐Benzenetricarboxylate and Neodymium(III) — {[Nd(1, 3, 5‐benzenetricarboxylate)(H2O)4] · H2O}n

A unique neodymium(III) complex, {[Nd(BTC)(H₂O)₄] · H₂O}_n (BTC = 1, 3, 5‐benzenetricarboxylate), was obtained from the reaction between Nd(ClO₄)₃ · xH₂O and Na₃BTC. Coordination bonds, hydrogen bonds, and π‐π stacking form a supramolecular structure with a novel, two‐dimensional framework. The temperature‐dependent magnetic susceptibilities were analyzed by the Curie‐Weiss law; the following values were found C = 1.32, θ = —18.3 K, respectively.     

Cycloaddition reactions of β-trifluoroacetylvinyl ethers

β-Trifluoroacetyl vinyl ethers ROCHCHCOCF₃ react smoothly as dienophiles with α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds to give the unexpected 2-alkoxyl-5-trifluoroacetyl-3,4-dihydro-2H pyrans. These products are formed by elimination and addition of the alcohol to the products of the normal hetero Diels-Alder reaction (2-alkoxyl-3-trifluoroacetyl-2,3-dihydro-2H pyrans). In contrast, 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition of ROCHCHCOCF₃ with ArCHN(O)Me proceeds via a Z-endo transition state to give regio- and stereospecific 4-trifluoroacetyl substituted isoxazolidines and their derivatives.     

混合金属氧化物柱撑α-磷酸锆的研究

制备、表征了混合铝/铬金属氧化物柱撑α-磷酸锆(Al/Cr-ZrP),并对胶体化使用有机胺的种类、柱化液金属离子浓度以及金属离子用量等因素进行了研究。研究表明以乙醇胺为胶体化有机胺比使用正丙胺为胶体化有机胺所得到的产物的层间距更大;采用较低金属离子浓度、较高金属离子用量有利于Al/Cr-ZrP的合成。在Al/Cr比为1、以正丙胺为胶体化有机胺、金属离子浓度为0.067mol·L^-1、金属离子用量为6.67CEC的条件下,制备出了混合金属氧化物柱撑α-磷酸锆,其层间距可达3.60nm,     

Hydrogen peroxide-generating nanomedicine for enhanced chemodynamic therapy

Chemodynamic therapy(CDT) is an emerging endogenous stimulation activated tumor treatment approach that exploiting iron-containing nanomedicine as catalyst to convert hydrogen peroxide(H_2O_2)into toxic hydroxyl radical(·OH) through Fenton reaction.Due to the unique characteristics(weak acidity and the high H_2O_2 level) of the tumor microenvironment,CDT has advantages of high selectivity and low side effect.However,as an important substrate of Fenton reaction,the endogenous H_2O_2 in tumor is still insufficient,which may be an important factor limiting the efficacy of CDT.In order to optimize CDT,various H_2O_2-generating nanomedicines that can promote the production of H_2O_2 in tumor have been designed and developed for enhanced CDT.In this review,we summarize recently developed nanomedicines based on catalytic enzymes,nanozymes,drugs,metal peroxides and bacteria.Finally,the challenges and possible development directions for further enhancing CDT are prospected.     

Large-scale synthesis of globotriose derivatives through recombinant E. coli

The carbohydrate chains decorating cell membranes and secreted proteins participate in a range of important biological processes. However, their ultimate significance and possible therapeutic potential have not been fully explored due to the lack of economical methods for their production. This study is an example of the use of a genetically engineered bacterial strain in the preparation of diverse oligosaccharides. Based on an ex vivo biosynthetic pathway, an artificial gene cluster was constructed by linking the genes of five associated enzymes on a plasmid vector. This plasmid was inserted into the E. coli NM522 strain to form globotriose-producing cells ('superbug' pLDR20-CKTUF). The specific strain was conveniently applied to the synthesis of globotriose trisaccharide and its derivatives, as potential neutralizers for Shiga toxin. This work demonstrates a novel and economical method for generating ligand diversity for carbohydrate drug development.     

可回收(S)-脯氨醇衍生物在催化查尔酮类化合物不对称环氧化反应中的催化性能研究

将以L-脯氨酸为原料合成的光学活性脯氨醇衍生物((S)-2-吡咯烷基-α,α-二(α-萘基)甲醇1),作为有机小分子催化剂,在催化8种α,β-不饱和酮的不对称环氧化反应中表现出较好的立体选择性(58.0~84.6?)和催化活性(58.0~89.7%).反应结束后,通过简单的酸碱调整,可使催化剂回收和重复使用.循环使用5次,催化剂的回收率均在93~97%之间,催化剂的催化活性和立体选择性无明显改变.     

On the interaction of UV screens with the lignocellulosic matrix

In this report, we describe our attempt to understand the photochemical interactions that occur between dihydroxybenzophenone (DHB)-based UV screens and lignin when high-yield pulps are treated with such materials. Milled wood lignin (MWL) and filter paper were used as models, and various irradiation protocols were carried out in the presence and absence of UV screens. After irradiation, the lignin and the UV screen were extracted and the products analyzed. These experiments showed that upon irradiation, fragments of MWL-containing chromophores were linked to cellulose via an acid-labile linkage. In the presence of UV screens, these reactions were minimized. Molecular weight measurements of the extracted lignin showed that the MWL is degraded upon solid-state irradiation. The samples that contained UV screens showed a reduced tendency to degrade. Using quantitative 31P NMR, it was possible to probe further the detailed structural changes that occurred in MWL during irradiation. In general, DHB-based UV screens and derivatives were found to interact actively with MWL when irradiated.