Security Analysis of DBTRU Cryptosystem

DBTRU was proposed by Thang and Binh in 2015. As a variant of NTRU, the integer polynomial ring is replaced by two binary truncated polynomial rings GF(2)[x]/(xn+1). DBTRU has some advantages over NTRU in terms of security and performance. In this paper, we propose a polynomial-time linear algebra attack against the DBTRU cryptosystem, which can break DBTRU for all recommended parameter choices. The paper shows that the plaintext can be achieved in less than 1 s via the linear algebra attack on a single PC.     

Bayesian Variable Selection and Estimation in Semiparametric Simplex Mixed-Effects Models with Longitudinal Proportional Data

In the development of simplex mixed-effects models, random effects in these mixed-effects models are generally distributed in normal distribution. The normality assumption may be violated in an analysis of skewed and multimodal longitudinal data. In this paper, we adopt the centered Dirichlet process mixture model (CDPMM) to specify the random effects in the simplex mixed-effects models. Combining the block Gibbs sampler and the Metropolis–Hastings algorithm, we extend a Bayesian Lasso (BLasso) to simultaneously estimate unknown parameters of interest and select important covariates with nonzero effects in semiparametric simplex mixed-effects models. Several simulation studies and a real example are employed to illustrate the proposed methodologies.     

利用静电场中光电离效率谱精确确定1,3-二乙氧基苯分子的电离能

电离能是原子和分子的重要的特性参数,在光物理和光化学过程中起着重要作用,精确电离能对相关研究具有重要意义.电离能是调试零动能光谱信号的重要参考数据,在判断异构物数量和分子构型方面也起着关键作用.1,3-二乙氧基苯是一种重要的苯的衍生物,实验证实在超声分子束中包含两种旋转异构物I(down-up)和III(down-do...     

Mitochondrial citrate accumulation drives alveolar epithelial cell necroptosis in lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury

Necroptosis is the major cause of death in alveolar epithelial cells (AECs) during acute lung injury (ALI). Here, we report a previously unrecognized mechanism for necroptosis. We found an accumulation of mitochondrial citrate (citrate^mt) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated AECs because of the downregulation of Idh3α and citrate carrier (CIC, also known as Slc25a1). shRNA- or inhibitor–mediated inhibition of Idh3α and Slc25a1 induced citrate^mt accumulation and necroptosis in vitro. Mice with AEC-specific Idh3α and Slc25a1 deficiency exhibited exacerbated lung injury and AEC necroptosis. Interestingly, the overexpression of Idh3α and Slc25a1 decreased citrate^mt levels and rescued AECs from necroptosis. Mechanistically, citrate^mt accumulation induced mitochondrial fission and excessive mitophagy in AECs. Furthermore, citrate^mt directly interacted with FUN14 domain-containing protein 1 (FUNDC1) and promoted the interaction of FUNDC1 with dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), leading to excessive mitophagy-mediated necroptosis and thereby initiating and promoting ALI. Importantly, necroptosis induced by citrate^mt accumulation was inhibited in FUNDC1-knockout AECs. We show that citrate^mt accumulation is a novel target for protection against ALI involving necroptosis.Subject terms: Infection, Respiratory tract diseases     

Design,Synthesis and Bioactivity of Novel Low Bee-Toxicity Compounds Based on Flupyrimin

Neonicotinoids are important insecticides for controlling aphids in agriculture. Growing research suggested that neonicotinoid insecticides are a key factor causing the decline of global pollinator insects, such as bees. Flupyrimin (FLP) is a novel nicotinic insecticide with unique biological properties and no cross-resistance, and is safe for pollinators. Using FLP as the lead compound, a series of novel compounds were designed and synthesized by replacing the amide fragment with a sulfonamideone. Their structures were confirmed by ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and HRMS spectra. Bioassay results showed that compound 2j had good insecticidal activity against Aphis glycines with an LC₅₀ value of 20.93 mg/L. Meanwhile, compound 2j showed significantly lower acute oral and contact toxicity to Apis mellifera. In addition, compound 2j interacted well with the protein in insect acetylcholine binding protein (AChBP). The molecular docking on honeybee nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) indicated that the sulfonamide group of compound 2j did not form a hydrogen bond with Arg173 of the β subunit, which conforms to the reported low bee-toxicity conformation. In general, target compound 2j can be regarded as a bee-friendly insecticide candidate.     

Inhibitory Effects of Myriocin on Non-Enzymatic Glycation of Bovine Serum Albumin

Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are the compounds produced by non-enzymatic glycation of proteins, which are involved in diabetic-related complications. To investigate the potential anti-glycation activity of Myriocin (Myr), a fungal metabolite of Cordyceps, the effect of Myr on the formation of AGEs resulted from the glycation of bovine serum albumin (BSA) and the interaction between Myr and BSA were studied by multiple spectroscopic techniques and computational simulations. We found that Myr inhibited the formation of AGEs at the end stage of glycation reaction and exhibited strong anti-fibrillation activity. Spectroscopic analysis revealed that Myr quenched the fluorescence of BSA in a static process, with the possible formation of a complex (approximate molar ratio of 1:1). The binding between BSA and Myr mainly depended on van der Waals interaction, hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bond. The synchronous fluorescence and UV-visible (UV-vis) spectra results indicated that the conformation of BSA altered in the presence of Myr. The fluorescent probe displacement experiments and molecular docking suggested that Myr primarily bound to binding site 1 (subdomain IIA) of BSA. These findings demonstrate that Myr is a potential anti-glycation agent and provide a theoretical basis for the further functional research of Myr in the prevention and treatment of AGEs-related diseases.     

Alkaloid Derivative (Z)-3β-Ethylamino-Pregn-17(20)-en Inhibits Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis and Angiogenesis by Targeting HSP90α

Metastasis is an important cause of cancer-related death. Previous studies in our laboratory found that pregnane alkaloids from Pachysandra terminalis had antimetastatic activity against breast cancer cells. In the current study, we demonstrated that treatment with one of the alkaloid derivatives, (Z)-3β-ethylamino-pregn-17(20)-en (1), led to the downregulation of the HIF-1α/VEGF/VEGFR2 pathway, suppressed the phosphorylation of downstream molecules Akt, mTOR, FAK, and inhibited breast cancer metastasis and angiogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. Furthermore, the antimetastasis and antiangiogenesis effects of 1 treatment (40 mg/kg) were more effective than that of Sorafenib (50 mg/kg). Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) analysis was performed and the result suggested that HSP90α was a direct target of 1. Taken together, our results suggested that compound 1 might represent a candidate antitumor agent for metastatic breast cancer.     

Research Progress of Polymers/Inorganic Nanocomposite Electrical Insulating Materials

With the rapid development of power, energy, electronic information, rail transit, and aerospace industries, nanocomposite electrical insulating materials have been begun to be widely used as new materials. Polymer/inorganic nanocomposite dielectric materials possess excellent physical and mechanical properties. In addition, numerous unique properties, such as electricity, thermal, sound, light, and magnetic properties are exhibited by these materials. First, the macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, small-size effect, surface effect, and quantum-size effect of nanoparticles are introduced. There are a few anomalous changes in the physical and chemical properties of the matrix, which are caused by these effects. Second, the interaction mechanism between the nanoparticles and polymer matrix is introduced. These include infiltration adsorption theory, chemical bonding, diffusion theory, electrostatic theory, mechanical connection theory, deformation layer theory, and physical adsorption theory. The mechanism of action of the interface on the dielectric properties of the composites is summarized. These are the interface trap effect, interface barrier effect, and homogenization field strength effect. In addition, different interfacial structure models were used to analyze the specific properties of nanocomposite dielectric materials. Finally, the research status of the dielectric properties of nanocomposite dielectric materials in the electrical insulation field is introduced.     

Design Two Novel Tetrahydroquinoline Derivatives against Anticancer Target LSD1 with 3D-QSAR Model and Molecular Simulation

Lysine-specific demethylase 1 (LSD1) is a histone-modifying enzyme, which is a significant target for anticancer drug research. In this work, 40 reported tetrahydroquinoline-derivative inhibitors targeting LSD1 were studied to establish the three-dimensional quantitative structure–activity relationship (3D-QSAR). The established models CoMFA (Comparative Molecular Field Analysis (q² = 0.778, Rpred2 = 0.709)) and CoMSIA (Comparative Molecular Similarity Index Analysis (q² = 0.764, Rpred2 = 0.713)) yielded good statistical and predictive properties. Based on the corresponding contour maps, seven novel tetrahydroquinoline derivatives were designed. For more information, three of the compounds (D1, D4, and Z17) and the template molecule 18x were explored with molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations by MM/PBSA method as well as the ADME (absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion) prediction. The results suggested that D1, D4, and Z17 performed better than template molecule 18x due to the introduction of the amino and hydrophobic groups, especially for the D1 and D4, which will provide guidance for the design of LSD1 inhibitors.