In-situ study of martensitic transformation and nucleation, propagation of crack in CuNiAl shape memory alloy

The stress-induced martensitic transformation and its relation with crack nucleation and propagation in CuNiAl shape memory alloy were investigated through in-situ tensile tests by SEM and TEM. The results indicated that the stress concentration ahead of the crack tip could induce formation of stacking faults and different types of martensites. TEM observations showed that the martensites could transform from one type to another and even reversely to the parent during loading. The microcracks nucleated along the martensite/parent interface and intersection between two martensites. When the crack propagated a certain distance, the stress concentration ahead of the crack tip was large enough to result in formation of slip bands, and in this condition the microcrack nucleated along slip bands more easily.     

Highly efficient iron‐catalyzed allylation of aromatic aldehydes with allyltriethoxysilane: one‐pot and practical synthesis of homoallyl ethers

FeCl₃ was found to be an active catalyst for the one‐pot allylation reaction of aromatic aldehydes with allyltriethoxysilane under mild and simple conditions, which resulted in the direct synthesis of homoallyl ethers with very high chemoselectivity and yields. Various types of homoallyl ethers were obtained in excellent yields (up to 99%). Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非对易torus上的新孤子解

利用在非对易可积torus(环)上的算子都有约化矩阵这一特点, 孤子解的求解问题可以化为求满足代数方程Q(M)=0的有限维矩阵解问题. 本文研究了当 矩阵M不可对角化时的情形, 分析这种情形,得到当势函数V(\phi)具有三阶以上的极值点时, 有限维矩阵方程V′(M)=0存在不可对角化的矩阵解. 研究了这种解的一般形式, 并通过kq表象, 构造了非对易整环上以上述矩阵解为约化矩阵 的新孤子解. 根据这种构造方法, 可以得到非对易orbifold上的新孤子解.     

CONTINUITY AND HAUSDORFF DIMENSION OF JULIA SET CONCERNING YANG-LEE ZEROS

Considering the Julia set J（Tλ） of the Yang-Lee zeros of the Potts model on the diamond hierarchical Lattice on the complex plane, the authors proved that HDJ（Tλ） 〉 1 and discussed the continuity of J（Tλ） in Hausdorff topology for λ∈R.     

On the Involutive Solutions of Solition Hierarchy

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Purity determination of yunaconitine reference standard using HPLC with experimental design and response surface optimization

Experimental design and response surface methodology have been used for the development of the stability‐indicating HPLC method for the purity determination of yunaconitine reference standard. Significant factors including the contents of ACN, perchloric acid, triethylamine (TEA), and column temperature were optimized using a Box–Behnken design. A mixture of crude yunaconitine extract and degradation solutions of yunaconitine under stress conditions was chromatogramed. The normalized peak area of total impurities, the retention time of yunaconitine, and the resolutions between yunaconitine and its adjacent peaks were selected as optimization criteria. Derringer desirability function of the multicriteria and the tested factors were used to establish 3‐D response surfaces. The optimal condition was achieved with a mobile phase of ACN/water (30:70, containing 0.125% perchloric acid and 1.0% TEA) at a column temperature of 37.5°C. The method was validated and shown comparable to that of phase solubility analysis. As a result, the newly developed method can be used to determine the chromatographic purity and stability of the yunaconitine reference standard.     

Phase Equilibrium CsBr-CeBr3-HBr(12.52 wt %)—H2O at 298 ± 0.1 K and a New Solid Phase Compound

The equilibrium solubility of the quaternary system CsBr-CeBr₃-HBr(12.52 wt %)-H₂O was determined at 298K and the corresponding equilibrium diagram was constructed. The quaternary system is complicated by three equilibrium solid phases: CsBr, Cs₅Ce₂Br₁₁ · 22H₂O (5: 2 type), and CeBr₃ · 7H₂O, of which the new compound Cs₅Ce₂Br₁₁ · 22H₂O was found to be incongruently soluble in the system. The new compound obtained was identified and characterized by the method of X-ray diffraction and the thermal analysis methods of thermogravimetry-differential thermogravimetry (TG-DTG), and it loses its crystal water in two steps from 325 to 511 K. The standard molar enthalpy of solution of Cs₅Ce₂Br₁₁ · 22H₂O in deionized water was measured to be (129.105 ± 0.150) kJ mol⁻¹ with a heat conduction microcalorimeter. The standard molar enthalpy of formation was calculated as (−10438.215 ± 0.150) kJ mol⁻¹. This article was submitted by the authors in English.     

A new free recoverable and reusable mono-alkaloid-type ligand and its use in preparation of ethyl （2R,3S）-2,3-dihydroxy-3-phenylpropionate

A new free recoverable and reusable mono-alkaloid-type ligand has been synthesized by a simple method.With highly polar groups,the ligand can be recycled and reused eight times to prepare ethyl(2R,3S)-2,3-dihydroxy-3-phenylpropionate with high yield and ee via asymmetric dihydroxylation(AD) reaction.     

Microwave-promoted solvent-free synthesis of N-(diphenylmethylene)glycine alkyl esters

The efficient synthesis of N-(diphenylmethylene) glycine alkyl esters was achieved for the first microwave irradiation under solvent-free condition,using PEG or quaternary ammonium salts as phase transfer catalysts(PTCs).Under the optimum conditions, N-(diphenylmethylene) glycine alkyl esters were obtained in excellent yields in most cases.