Iodinated aluminum(III) corroles with long-lived triplet excited states

The first reported iodination of a corrole leads to selective functionalization of the four C-H bonds on one pole of the macrocycle. An aluminum(III) complex of the tetraiodinated corrole, which exhibits red fluorescence, possesses a long-lived triplet excited state.     

Gold(I) and gold(III) corroles

Corrole complexes with gold(I) and gold(III) were synthesized and their structural, photophysical, and electrochemical properties investigated. This work includes the X-ray crystallography characterization of gold(I) and gold(III) complexes, both chelated by a corrole with fully brominated β-pyrrole carbon atoms. The mononuclear and chiral gold(I) corrole appears to be the first of its kind within the porphyrinoid family, while the most unique property of the gold(III) corrole is that it displays phosphorescence at ambient temperatures.     

Adiabatic processes in frequency conversion

Adiabatic evolution, an important dynamical process in a variety of classical and quantum systems providing a robust way of steering a system into a desired state 1 - 5 , was introduced only recently to frequency conversion 6 - 9 . Adiabatic frequency conversion allowed the achievement of efficient scalable broadband frequency conversion 8 , 9 and was applied successfully to the conversion of ultrashort pulses, demonstrating near‐100% efficiency for ultrabroadband spectrum 10 - 16 . The underlying analogy between undepleted pump nonlinear processes and coherently excited quantum systems was extended in the past few years to multi‐level quantum systems, demonstrating new concepts in frequency conversion, such as complete frequency conversion through an absorption band 17 - 20 . Additionally, the undepleted pump restriction was removed, enabling the exploration of adiabatic processes in the fully nonlinear dynamics regime of nonlinear optics 21 - 26 . In this article, the basic concept of adiabatic frequency conversion is introduced, and recent advances in ultrashort physics, multi‐process systems, and the fully nonlinear dynamics regime are reviewed.     

Light propagation analysis in graded index fiber—review and applications

The quadratic graded index (GRIN) is a fiber that gives physical interpretation of the recently introduced mathematical operation coined the fractional Fourier transform (FRT). This paper reviews the FRT, GRIN, and their relations. Possible applications are demonstrated. In particular the Talbot effect inside the GRIN is analyzed.     

All-optical super resolved and extended depth of focus imaging with random pinhole array aperture

In this paper, we present a novel approach which allows combining super resolved imaging with extended depth of focus while the result is obtained by all-optical means and no digital processing is required. The presented approach for the super resolved imaging includes attaching a random pinhole array plate to the aperture plane of the imaging system. The energetic efficiency of the system is high and it is much larger than an imaging through a single pinhole which also has extended depth of focus. The super resolving result is obtained by mechanic scanning of the aperture plane with the random plate.     

Empty wave detecting experiments: A comment on auxiliary “hidden” assumptions

Empty-wave theories have been with us for almost a century as part of the effort to find a causal interpretation of quantum mechanics. Several experiments were proposed with the aim of detecting these waves or their effect. It may be that the most known experiment concerning this issue is that of Wang, Zou, and Mandel. The experiment achieved negative results. In the following we wish to emphasize that the latter experiment has not confronted the full range of possible empty-wave models. In fact, to our mind, it made use of an auxiliary assumption that is far from warranted. If such an assumption is not made, this experiment, and all other experiments of its kind, are not able to detect the effects of the conjectured empty waves. We wish to put an emphasis on this assumption as a pointer indicating the direction in which new models should be searched for.     

Large homogeneous communication networks with Markovian access control II. Global behavior and residence time

A solution to the problem of dynamic analysis of large homogeneous communication networks with Markovian access control disciplines is given. For the case of multiple steady states and buffered users it is shown that: (i) the state space portrait of the system contains a one-dimensional stable manifold; (ii) the dynamics of the system can be reduced to a birth and death process defined on this manifold; and (iii) the residence time of each metastable steady state of the above birth and death process can be calculated on the basis of a new asymptotic procedure. Simulations show that this procedure results in acceptable precision.     

Minimization of maximum absolute deviation in integers

A resource allocation problem of the integer minimization of maximum absolute deviation of monotone functions is under investigation. The optimal solution is shown to belong to one of the four possible classes. The optimality conditions of two kinds (“local” and “global” ones) are derived along with an algorithm, which utilizes the solutions of simple min-max and max-min integer allocation problems.The Apportionment problem is considered as an application.