Determination of dimethylarginine levels in rats using HILIC-MS/MS: an in vivo microdialysis study

Nitric oxide (NO) is one of the most important mediators and neurotransmitters and its levels change under pathological conditions. NO production may be regulated by endogenous nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors, in particular asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). Most of the interest is focused on ADMA, since this compound is present in plasma and urine and accumulation of ADMA has been described in many disease states but little is known about cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of this compound and of its structural isomer symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA). To determine the levels of methylarginines, we here present a new hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC)-MS/MS method for the precise determination of these substances in CSF from microdialysis samples of rat prefrontal cortex (PFC). The method requires only minimal sample preparation and features isotope-labelled internal standards.     

Finite element techniques in plane limit problems

Summary Limit analysis of plane structures is formulated by applying a finite element linear programming technique that was previously proposed by the same author.Three different element models are considered: the constant stress compatible model, the linear stress equilibrium model, the quadratic stress equilibrium model. Some notes are devoted to the construction of the stress fields with reference to the adopted method.Some suitably chosen numerical applications are then proposed in order to compare the different approaches as far as numerical efficiency and result accuracy are concerned. The possibility of improving the linear programming procedure is also discussed, and in particular a method is proposed to find out an initial feasible vector on the basis of mechanical considerations, in order to overcome the necessity of the so-called M-phase of the simplex method.Numerical results are given together with the comments.

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Sommario Si formula il problema dell'analisi limite di strutture piane secondo un metodo degli elementi finiti già proposto dall'autore.Nel presente lavoro vengono considerati tre diversi modelli di elementi e precisamente: il modello congruente a sforzo costante e quelli equilibrati a campi di sforzo lineare e quadratico. La costruzione dei tre modelli viene presentata in dettaglio nell'ambito del metodo adottato.Vengono quindi presentati alcuni esempi di applicazione opportunamente scelti, con lo scopo di confrontare l'efficienza numerica e l'accuratezza di risultati ottenuti con l'impiego dei tre modelli. Si discute inoltre la possibilità di migliorare l'efficacia dell'algoritmo matematico ed in particolare si suggerisce un metodo che, individuando una soluzione ammissibile di partenza sulla scorta di considerazioni meccaniche, permette di evitare la cosiddetta fase M della programmazione lineare.I commenti sono accompagnati dai risultati numerici.

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Research supported by the C.N.R. (Italian National Research Council).     

The effect of selective contact electrodes on the interfacial charge recombination kinetics and device efficiency of organic polymer solar cells

Organic polymer solar cells (OPSCs) have been prepared using TiO(x) metal oxides as selective electrodes for electron collection. The interfacial charge transfer reactions, under working conditions, that limit the energy conversion efficiency of these devices have been measured and compared to the standard OPSC geometry which collects the electrons through a low work function metal contact.     

Dephasing Processes in the Molecular Dye Lumogen-F Orange Characterized by Two-Dimensional Electronic Spectroscopy

Molecular dyes are finding more and more applications in photonics and quantum technologies, such as polaritonic optical microcavities, organic quantum batteries and single-photon emitters for quantum sensing and metrology. For all these applications, it is of crucial importance to characterize the dephasing mechanisms. In this work we use two-dimensional electronic spectroscopy (2DES) to study the temperature dependent dephasing processes in the prototypical organic dye Lumogen-F orange. We model the 2DES maps using the Bloch equations for a two-level system and obtain a dephasing time T₂ = 53 fs at room temperature, which increases to T₂ = 94 fs at 86 K. Furthermore, spectral diffusion processes are observed and modeled by a combination of underdamped and overdamped Brownian oscillators. Our results provide useful design parameters for advanced optoelectronic and photonic devices incorporating dye molecules.