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81.
Mashaallah Rahmani Massoud Kaykhaii Zahra Safari Ommolbanin Ansari Shahrzad Jaberi Nasab 《Chromatographia》2017,80(1):109-117
Three new dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (DLLME) methods, air-assisted (AA-DLLME), vortex-assisted (VA-DLLME) and ultrasound-assisted (UA-DLLME), were compared from the point of view of their analytical application for preconcentration of trace amounts of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene isomers (BTEX) in water samples. In all of these methods, no dispersive solvent is required and dispersion of extractant is carried out by air bubbles, vortex and ultrasound for AA-DLLEM, VA-DLLME, and UA-DLLME, respectively. Advantages and disadvantages of these three liquid phase microextraction methods and their capability in dispersion of a similar extractant phase in sample solutions were comprehensively compared. All other extraction parameters, which have an influence on the microextraction, were also investigated and optimized. Under optimized conditions, analytical figures of merit for the three techniques were determined and compared. It was found that the limit of detection of the three methods is almost the same, while AA-DLLME has a wider linear dynamic range and the shortest analysis time. Enrichment factors of 182, 45 and 245 were achieved for AA-DLLEM, VA-DLLME, and UA-DLLME, respectively. 相似文献
82.
Mansoureh Mohammadi Marzieh Kamankesh Zahra Hadian Amir Mohammad Mortazavian Abdorreza Mohammadi 《Chromatographia》2017,80(1):119-126
Microwave-assisted extraction and dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry as a sensitive and efficient method was applied to extract and determine four biogenic amines (BAs) in Iranian Lighvan cheese samples. Carrez solutions were used for the sedimentation of proteins. Effective factors on the performance of microextraction were studied and optimized. The proposed method showed good linear ranges from 5 to 500 ng mL?1, with the coefficients of determination higher than 0.9929. Average recoveries were between 97 and 103%. Limits of detection for all analyzed BAs ranged from 5.9 to 14.0 ng g?1, and limits of quantitation ranged between 19.7 and 46.2 ng g?1. Compared with previous methods, the proposed method is simple, fast, accurate, and precise and gives low detection limits for investigating trace amounts of BAs in Iranian Lighvan cheese samples. The levels of four BAs were determined in five Lighvan cheese samples. Cadaverine was found as prevailing amine in the cheese samples. Putrescine, tyramine, and histamine were present at the second, third, and fourth highest levels, respectively. 相似文献
83.
Theoretical investigation of the weak interactions of rare gas atoms with silver clusters by resonance Raman spectroscopy modeling 下载免费PDF全文
The interactions of rare gas atoms (Rg = Ar, Kr, and Xe) with small neutral and cationic silver clusters have been investigated by density functional methods and the effect of these weak interactions on the resonance Raman spectra of the complexes has been evaluated. The resonance Raman technique that depends on the properties of ground and excited state, seems deeply sensitive to the weak rare gas–metal cluster interactions, and the use of inert gases has been proven to be an excellent approach to recognize the ability of this technique to detect extremely weak interactions. In this work, for , and complexes the IR, normal and resonance Raman spectra have been calculated and the effect of rare gas–cluster stretching vibration ( ) on the pattern and the relative intensities of different spectra have been investigated. The resonance Raman spectra for the weakly interacted complexes (with the interaction energies less than ?2.0 kcal/mol) exhibit the vibration with the detectable intensity that its intensity increases by going from Ag6–Ar to Ag6–Xe complex. Moreover, the resonance Raman spectra (based on the excited state gradient approximation) for high intensity nearly degenerate excited states, proved the effect of accumulation of the excited state charge density on the relative intensity of vibration. 相似文献
84.
This study aimed at polymerization of methyl methacrylate with novel catalysts in the atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) condition at 90 °C. This was accomplished using CuBr/N-(2-aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (CuBr–AEAPTMS) as a homogeneous catalyst and one time with CuBr@AEAPTMS/SBA-15 as a heterogeneous catalyst. Catalysts were characterized using TGA, FT-IR, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. The structural analysis of the polymer was carried out by 13C NMR spectroscopy and GPC. Three characteristic parts of polymer produced by ATRP method including the initiator, monomer units, and end group was shown in 13C NMR spectra. In addition, the presence of C–Br unit showed that the polymerization process is alive. The 1H NMR analysis was used for kinetic investigation of methyl methacrylate polymerization with homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts that showed high monomer conversion (98 and 90% after 35 min, respectively) and good control of molecular weight with a dispersity (Ð = 1.5–1.7). In addition, the plot of ln ([monomer]0/[monomer] t ) versus time gave linear relationships indicating a constant concentration of the propagating species throughout the polymerization. Finally, the results of the polymerization using heterogeneous catalyst compared with homogeneous catalyst revealed that it was according to ATRP method. 相似文献
85.
Malek Taher Maghsoodlou Sayyed Mostafa Habibi-Khorassani Zahra Shahkarami Nariman Maleki Mohsen Rostamizadeh 《中国化学快报》2010,21(6):686-689
<正>2,2'-Arylmethylene bis(3-hydroxy-5,5-dimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one) 4l-s produced from reaction between dimedone with various aldehydes in acetonitrile using ZnO as a catalyst;whereas in the presence of ZnO-acetyl chloride catalysts the reaction is limited to give only 1,8-dioxo-octahydroxanthenes 3a-k in very good yields. 相似文献
86.
Malek T. Maghsoodlou Nourallah Hazeri Sayed M. Habibi-Khorassani Reza Heydari Ghasem Marandi Mojtaba Lashkari Khatereh Bagherpour Zahra Gharechaei 《Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly》2010,39(5):351-356
Abstract
Synthesis of five phosphonato esters has been accomplished via reaction between dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate and triphenyl phosphite in the presence of biological compounds such as theophylline, 4-hydroxypyrimidine, 2H-3,1-benzoxazine-2,4(1H)-dione, 2-chloroaniline, or 3-nitroaniline at ambient temperature. The configuration of the compounds was determined on the basis of coupling constants emerging from the Karplus equation. 相似文献87.
Zahra Talebpour Mehregan Safari Fatemeh Molaabaci Ali Alizadeh Hassan Y. Aboul-Enein 《Chromatographia》2010,72(7-8):707-712
A novel poly(methyl methacrylate–ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate–acrylic acid) film has been introduced for coating on stir bars to sorptive extraction (SBSE). The effects of different contents of porogen, monomer, cross-linker, modifier and initiator during the solvent or bulk polymerization step on the mechanical property and solvent resistant of prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated. The evaluation of results were caused to obtain the four prepared sorptive stir bars with good mechanical stability and excellent resistance to organic solvents. The extraction efficiency of these prepared sorptive stir bars were investigated by liquid desorption-liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (LD-LC-UV) using N-Nitrosodiphenylamine as target analyte. SBSE assays showed the sorptive stir bar that prepared using solution polymerization method had the better recovery for N-Nitrosodiphenylamine in water samples. This sorptive stir bar showed good linearity and acceptable recoveries, as well as advantages such as sensitivity, simplicity, low cost and high feasibility. Based on atomic force microscopy (AFM) results, the average pore size of optimum prepared stir bar using solvent polymerization method was obtained ~9 nm. The thermal gravity (TG) and differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) results showed this polyacrylate film has high thermal stability. 相似文献
88.
89.
90.
The major objective of this work was the development of a reliable model to describe volumetric properties of ionic liquids
(ILs). In this regard, we have applied the Ihm–Song–Mason equation of state (EOS) to some phosphonium- and imidazolium-based
ILs. Three temperature-dependent parameters in the equation of state have been scaled based on the surface tension and the
liquid density at room temperature. In order to improve the predictive power of the mentioned EOS for ILs, we have proposed
using a simple modification. We have taken 1,228 experimental points to show the reliability of the improved EOS. The comparison
of predicted densities with literature data over a broad range of temperature, 293–472 K, and pressures up to 200 MPa led
to encouraging results. The average absolute deviation of calculated densities from literature values was found to be 0.75%. 相似文献