The Effect of Calcium Perovskite and Newly Developed Magnetic CaFe2O4/CaTiO3 Perovskite Nanocomposite on Degradation of Toxic Dyes Under UV–Visible Radiation

Journal of Cluster Science - In this research, we used a fast and simple method for synthesis of calcium titanate (CaTiO3) and calcium ferrite (CaFe2O4) nanostructures: microwave assisted...     

A new high: Cannabis as a budding source of carbon-based materials for electrochemical power sources

Cannabis sativa L., a low-cost, fast-growing herbaceous plant, is seeing a resurgence in widespread cultivation as a result of new policies and product drive. Its biodegradable and environmentally benign nature coupled with its high specific surface area and three-dimensional hierarchal structure makes it an excellent candidate for use as a biomass-derived carbon material for electrochemical power sources. It is proposed that this ‘wonder crop’ could have an important role in the energy transition by providing high-functioning carbon-based materials for electrochemistry. In this article, all instances of C. sativa usage in batteries, fuel cells and supercapacitors are discussed with a focus on highlighting the high capacity, rate capability, capacitance, current density and half-wave potential that can be achieved with its utilisation in the field.     

Amplified cathodic electrochemiluminescence of luminol based on zinc oxide nanoparticle modified Ni-foam electrode for ultrasensitive detection of amoxicillin

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Here is reported a new feasible and facile method for the determination of amoxicillin by the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method. The ECL signal was...     

A combined experimental and computational investigation of the binary mixtures of 2-methylcyclohexanol and isobutanol

Structural Chemistry - The measured densities and viscosities of the binary mixtures of the isobutanol and 2-methylcyclohexanol were reported experimentally in a certain range of concentrations at...     

Highly functionalized pyrazolines from symmetric and asymmetric 1,2-disulfonylhydrazines: a combination of experimental and DFT perspectives

Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds - In this work, new pyrazole derivatives were prepared by one-pot three-component reaction emloying symmetric and asymmetric 1,2-disulfonyl-hydrazines,...     

Effect of source strength on dislocation pileups in the presence of stress gradients

The behaviour of a dislocation pileup with a finite-strength source is investigated in the presence of various stress gradients within a continuum model where a free-dislocation region exists around the source. Expressions for dislocation density and stress field within the pileup are derived for the situation where there are first and second spatial gradients in applied stress. For a pileup configuration under an applied stress, yielding occurs when the force acting on the leading dislocations at the pileup tips reaches the obstacle strength, and at the same time, it is required that the source be at the threshold stress for dislocation production. A numerical methodology is presented to solve the underlying equations that represent the yielding conditions. The yield stress calculated for a pileup configuration is found to depend on stress gradients, obstacle spacing and source/obstacle strengths. It increases with increasing the first stress gradient, yet dependent on the second stress gradient. Furthermore, while the dependency of yield stress on the obstacle spacing intensifies with increasing the first stress gradient, it diminishes with an increase of second stress gradient. Therefore, the second stress gradient, as a newly introduced parameter, can provide a new physical insight into the size-dependent plasticity phenomena at small length scales.     

Synthesis and Characterization of H3PW12O40 and H3PMo12O40 Nanoparticles by a Simple Method

In this study H₃PW₁₂O₄₀·9H₂O and H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀·6H₂O (HPA) particles were changed into nano forms by heat-treatment in an autoclave as a simple, repaid, inexpensive and one step method. The particle size of these nanoparticles was around 25 nm. The as-synthesized nanostructures were characterized by dynamic light scattering, X-ray powder diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma analyzer. Thermal stability of nanoparticles was surveyed by thermal gravimeter analyse. Acidity of prepared nanoparticles was investigated by pyridine adsorption method. Results showed rising acidity by declining particle size of HPA.     

The analysis of structural and electronic properties for assessment of intramolecular hydrogen bond (IMHB) interaction: a comprehensive study into the effect of substitution on intramolecular hydrogen bond of 4-nitropyridine-3-thiol in ground and electronic excited state

The hydrogen bond strength, molecular geometry, π-electron delocalization, and physical properties such as dipole moment, chemical potential, and chemical hardness of 4-nitropyridine-3-thiol and its 29 derivatives have been studied by means of density functional method with 6-311++G** basis set in gas phase and water solution. Also, the excited-state properties of intramolecular hydrogen bonding in these systems have been investigated theoretically using the time-dependent density functional theory method. The HOMA, NICS, PDI, ATI, FLU, and FLU_π indices as well-established aromaticity indicators have been examined. Natural bond orbital analysis is also performed for better understanding the nature of intramolecular interactions. The electron density and Laplacian (?² ρ) properties, estimated by AIM calculations, indicate that H···O bond possesses low ρ and positive ?² ρ values, which are in agreement with electrostatic character of the HBs, whereas S–H bond has covalent character. Numerous correlations between topological, geometrical, and energetic parameters are also found.     

Synthesis and properties of thermally stable polyimides bearing pendent fluorene moieties

A new diamine monomer containing fluorene unit, 3,5‐diamino‐N‐(9H‐fluoren‐2‐yl)benzamide was successfully synthesized via the condensation of 2‐aminofluorene and 3,5‐dinitrobenzoyl chloride and subsequent reduction of the dinitro compound. A series of novel aromatic polyimides having pendent fluorenamide moieties were prepared from the reaction of the diamine monomer and various tetracarboxylic dianhydrides by a conventional two‐step polymerization process. The polyimides were obtained in quantitative yields with inherent viscosities of 0.33–0.44 dl/g. The resulting polymers dissolved in N‐methyl‐2‐pyrrolidinone, N,N‐dimethylacetamide, N,N‐dimethylformamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide. The glass transition temperature of these polymers was in the range of 261–289°C. They were fairly stable up to a temperature around 450°C and lost 10% weight in the range of 498–556°C in nitrogen. The UV–vis absorption spectra showed that all of the polymers had absorption maxima around 320 nm. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyimides revealed an oxidation wave with a peak around 1.3 V. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.