Production of Bio-hydrogen Using Bio-oil as a Potential Biomass-derived Renewable Feedstock

The bio-oil derived from pyrolysis of straw can be selectively converted into high-purity hydrogen by coupling three steps:(i)steam refonning(SR)of di tierent bio-oils,(ii)water-gas shift(WGS),and(iii)the removal of CO2.the catalytic SR reaction over the NiLaTiAl catalyst,coupled with a low-temperature WGS reaction with the CuZnAl catalyst,promoted the conversion of various oxygen-contaming organic compounds in the bio-oil into hydrogen and carbon dioxide.Under the optimized condition,light bio-oil achieved the highest conversion(99.8%,molar fraction),with a high hydrogen yield of 16.4%(mass traction)and a H2 purity of 99.94%(volume fraction).The carbon deposition on the NiLaTiAl catalyst was the main factor caused catalyst deactivation.Production of hydrogen from different bio-oil model compounds was also investigated in detail.     

New Facile Synthesis of 2-Aryloxy-5-(2-furfurylidene)- 4H-imidazolin-4-ones

Many N-heterocycles including 4H-imidazolin-4-ones exhibit biological activities1-3. Some derivatives of 5-(2-furfurylidene)-4H-imidazolin-4-one were found to show good antiinflammatory activity4. They can be synthesized by condensation of furfural with 5- unsubsituted 4H-imidazolin-4-ones or from corresponding oxazolones5,6. However, no synthesis of 2-aryloxy substituted 5-(2-furfurylidene)-4H-imidazolin-4-one was reported. Recently, aza-Wittig reaction has received increased attention …     

A Chemiluminescence Optical Fiber Glucose Biosensor Based on Co-immobilizing Glucose Oxidase and Horseradish Peroxidase in a Sol-gel Film

IntroductionIn recent years chemiluminescence (CL)biosensor prepared by immobilization of a sensitivereagent such as peroxidase or oxidase onto a solidmatrix has attracted much attention due to the highsensitivity of the chemiluminescent reaction of thesensitive reagent even with a simple instrument.Generally,CL biosensors can be divided into twocategories.One consists of hydrogen peroxide sen-sors prepared by immobilizing a kind of peroxidaseonto a suitable solid support[1,2 ] ,and the immo…     

人工神经网络光度法同时测定土壤中铅-镉-镍

研究了以4－（2－吡啶偶氮）－间苯二酚（PAR）为显色剂、十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）为增敏剂、乙酸－乙酸钠为缓冲液，在水相中对铅、镉、镍进行同时测定。利用二次回归正交组合设计，对体系因子进行了优化。以苏州吴县水稻田土壤为研究对象，利用反向人工神经网络对其中铅、镉、镍的全量、有效态、活化态分别进行了同时测定，预测结果与AAS法所测结果基本一致。     

Triterpenoid Constituents of Huperzia miyoshiana

Thirteen triterpenoids, including three new ones, miyoshianois A (1), B (2) and C (3), were isolated from Huperzia miyoshiana. The structures of these new compounds were established as 3-O-dihydroferuloyltohogenol (1), 16-oxo-3β,21β-dihydrox-y-serrat-14-en-24-ferulate (2) and 16-oxo-3a, 21β-dihydroxy-serrat-14-en-24-ferulate (3), respectively, on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis.     

手性Salen金属配合物与咪唑类客体分子识别的研究

用光谱滴定法研究了手性Salen金属配合物(SalenFe~(III), SalenCo~(II))与 四种咪唑类客体在CH_2Cl_2中的分子识别行为，发现手性Salen金属配合物与咪唑 ，N－甲基咪唑，2－甲基咪唑的配位数为2，与克霉唑的配位数为1。各识别体系缔 合常数的顺序对SalenFe~(III)为: K(Im) > K(2-MeIm) > K(N-MeIm) > K(GMZ)， 对SalenCo~(II)为：K(Im) > K(2-MeIm) > K(N-MeIm)。测定的识别反应的△ _rG_m~0, △_rH_m~0, △_rS_m~0表明此类识别反应为放热、熵减少的过程，反应 体系存在焓－熵补偿关系。采用分子力学和量子化学方法进行的理论研究对实验结 果作出了合理的解释。     

不锈钢金属丝网上TiO2纳米薄膜光催化剂的研究

以钛酸正丁酯为原料,采用溶胶-凝胶法在金属丝网上制备了TiO2薄膜光催化剂.利用SEM,TEM,AES和Raman光谱研究了薄膜的表面及结构特性.以甲醛的光催化氧化反应为试验反应,考察了提拉次数、PEG浓度和焙烧温度对TiO2薄膜光催化剂活性的影响.将TiO2薄膜的结构特性与其光催化活性进行了关联.结果表明,在前驱体溶胶中加入10%PEG400,提拉3次并于400℃下焙烧可制得具有中孔结构和结晶完好的锐钛矿型TiO2薄膜,并具有最佳的光催化活性.     

双(对-氨基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉及其金属衍生物的合成与表征

从3-甲基-2,4-戊二酮出发,经多步反应合成了3,3′,4,4′-四-甲基-2,2′-二吡咯基甲烷(TMDPM),改进了合成TMDPM的脱羧反应.研究了TMDPM与对-硝基苯甲醛反应合成meso-5,15-双-苯基-卟啉反应,发现对-甲基苯磺酸是卟啉原合成的良好催化剂,2,3-二-氯-5,6二氰基-1,4-苯醌是将卟啉原转化为卟啉的良好氧化剂;硝基卟啉经SnCl₂还原成氨基卟啉后,用固-液抽提进行氨基卟啉的纯化,得到了5,15-双(对-硝基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉、5,15-双(对-氨基苯基)-2,3,7,8,12,13,17,18-八甲基卟啉及其金属衍生物,并表征了其结构     

二维高分子链形态的计算机模拟

介绍在“高分子物理实验”教学中新开设的又一个计算机模拟实验，即应用自编的改进型四位置模型，模拟二维空间中的自回避行走链和无规行走链，并验算均方末端距和均方回转半径与聚合度的标度关系，所得结果与de Gennes的理论符合良好。     

生物质秸秆热重分析及几种动力学模型结果比较

利用热重分析在不同升温速率和氮气气氛下对两种生物质（玉米秸秆和稻秆）的热失重行为进行了研究。根据热重实验数据，采用四种利用热分析获取动力学参数的方法（Coats-Redfern法，Doyle法，最大速率法和分布活化能模型(DAEM)），计算生物质秸秆热分解反应活化能E、反应级数n及频率因子A，并进行比较。结果表明，采用不同的处理方法，得出的热分解动力学参数不同。利用Coats-Redfern法，玉米秸秆和稻秆在热解主要阶段（失重约5 w%～80 w%时）可由一段一级反应过程描述，升温速率10 K/min时活化能值分别为68.8 kJ/mol和70.0 kJ/mol。Doyle法和DAEM模型得到的结果较为接近，可以得到生物质热解过程中的活化能随失重率的变化曲线。生物质秸秆热解包含分子键能断裂的一系列复杂、连续反应过程。