Motional Stark Effect and Its Active Cancellation in Diamagnetic Spectrum of Barium

With time-of-flight and electric field ionization detection technique, we investigate the motional Stark effect for highly excited Rydberg barium in high magnetic field and its active cancellation experimentally. In the experiment, the atom beam is aligned at a small angle of 15° with respect to the magnetic field. The motional Stark effect cancellation is demonstrated on two sets of. circularly polarized spectra in static magnetic field B = 1.00000 Tesla and B = 1.70000 Tesla, respectively, although the effect is very small （- 3.5 Vcm^-1） in our apparatus configuration.     

磁控溅射法制备的CaCu3Ti4O12薄膜

采用溅射方法成功地制备了CaCu3Ti4O12薄膜,用原子力显微镜、x射线衍射(XRD)仪和LCR分析仪对样品进行形貌、物相结构和介电性质的研究.XRD表明,薄膜比块体的晶格常数小但晶格畸变较大;LCR测量结果显示,在相同温度下薄膜比块体的相对介电常数低,薄膜相对介电常数由低到高转变时对应的温度较高且激活能较大.分析表明:薄膜的相对介电常数较低是样品中晶相含量较低、缺陷较多使内部阻挡层电容大量减小、致密度不高引起的;薄膜中激活能的增大由膜和基底间晶格的不匹配造成膜中的内应力增大、微结构、缺陷和畴等因素决定;介电常数在低频时的急剧增大,意味着存在界面极化,它与界面的缺陷、悬挂键有关.     

CSRm束流径向和轴向振荡的耦合

介绍了由于磁铁的安装误差和螺线管的存在而造成的束流径向和轴向的耦合，以及耦合对束流稳定的影响。结合CSRm结构的典型参数分析得出:二极磁铁和四极磁铁在纵向角安装偏差为-0.5~0.5 mrad；有螺线管存在的情况下，工作点落在和共振线时，将导致束流不稳定而大量损失，落在差共振线时，束流稳定。通过模拟计算发现:螺线管产生的耦合远大于磁铁的纵向角安装偏差产生的耦合。     

Attenuation correction for dedicated breast PET using only emission data based on consistency conditions

Accurate attenuation correction is required in dedicated breast PET imaging systems for image artifact removal and quantitative studies. In this study, a method using only emission data based on consistency conditions is proposed for attenuation correction in breast PET imaging systems. The consistency conditions are exploited to evaluate the accuracy of the estimated attenuation distribution and find the appropriate parameters that yield the most consistent attenuation distribution with the measured emission data. We have proved the validity of the method with experimental investigations and single-patient studies using a dedicated breast PET. The results show that the method is capable of accurately estimating the attenuation distribution of a uniform attenuator from the experimental data with various relatively low activities. The results also show that in single-patient studies, the method is robust for the irregular boundary of breast tissue and provides a distinct improvement in image quality.     

Local hydrated structure of an Fe2+/Fe3+ aqueous solution: an investigation using a combination of molecular dynamics and X-ray absorption fine structure methods

The hydrated shell of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ aqueous solutions are investigated by using the molecular dynamics (MD) and X-ray absorption structure (XAS) methods. The MD simulations show that the first hydrated shells of both Fe2+ and Fe3+ are characterized by a regular octahedron with an Fe-O distance of 2.08 for Fe2+ and 1.96 for Fe3+, and rule out the occurrence of a Jahn-Teller distortion in the hydrated shell of an Fe2+ aqueous solution. The corresponding X-ray absorption near edge fine structure (XANES) calculation successfully reproduces all features in the XANES spectra in Fe2+ and Fe3+ aqueous solution. A feature that is located at energy 1 eV higher than the white line (WL) in an Fe3+ aqueous solution may be assigned to the contribution of the charge transfer.     

基于Bitaper-LPFG-Bitaper结构的全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪的温度传感特性

提出并制作出一种基于锥体光纤-长周期光纤光栅-锥体光纤结构的全光纤Mach-Zehnder(M-Z)干涉仪传感器,并对其温度传感特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,固定光纤锥体和长周期光纤光栅的结构,仅改变两个光纤锥体之间的距离,对应不同的M-Z干涉谐振峰呈现出不同的温度传感特性:随着两个光纤锥体之间的距离增加,位于短波长处的谐振峰,传感器的温度灵敏度减小,而位于长波长处的谐振峰,传感器的温度灵敏度增加.当传感器长度为16.5 cm时,在1 680 nm附近的温度灵敏度达到0.102 06 nm/℃.实验结果对于锥体光纤-长周期光纤光栅组合型温度传感器的优化设计具有重要参考价值.     

梯度磁场作用下光纤中磁流体光透射特性研究的建模与分析

对光纤中磁流体在梯度磁场作用下的光透射特性进行了研究,提出光纤中磁流体的光透射率变化主要来源于梯度磁场引起的磁流体密度分布变化。根据郎之万函数和流体理论,推导了光纤中磁流体在梯度磁场作用下的密度分布,并根据Beer-Lambert定律,得到磁流体光功率透射衰减和纳米粒子局部密度的关系,从而建立光纤中磁流体在梯度磁场作用下光透射特性的理论模型。进而对光纤中磁流体在不同梯度磁场作用下的光透射功率进行数值分析,得到不同磁场强度和磁场梯度下光纤中磁流体透射功率的变化规律。最后将数值分析的结果和实验数据进行对比,验证了模型的合理性, 同时也验证了梯度磁场作用下磁流体光透射功率的变化主要来源于磁流体密度分布变化的推论。     

电像法求解线电荷与带有半圆柱凸起的接地平板导体形成的电势和电场

利用电像法求解了线电荷与带有半圆柱凸起的接地导体平板形成的电势、电场分布,讨论了导体表面电荷分布特征,并用Matlab软件绘出了等势图.     

低温的获得与测量

低温的获得实验是通过降低恒温器内液氮的蒸气压使液氮达到预期的低温状态.通过实验,得出了液氮蒸气压与温度的关系曲线,并求得二者的拟合方程.该实验拓宽了学生的知识面,提高其学习兴趣.     

蛋白质对纳米铕岛膜表面荧光的增强作用

将经硫辛酸修饰的铕纳米颗粒和蛋白质固定在石英玻璃表面或胶原蛋白隔离的石英玻璃表面,研究蛋白质对纳米铕岛膜荧光的增强作用.研究结果发现,在275nm激发波长下,铕纳米岛膜的荧光光谱与铕纳米颗粒溶液的荧光性质相似,且微量蛋白质的加入可以使铕纳米岛膜的荧光强度增强,但被石英玻璃片吸附后,铕纳米岛膜以及铕-蛋白质体系的荧光发射峰的位置由378.8nm红移至420nm,且胶原蛋白隔离铕纳米岛膜和滴加微量BSA蛋白质的荧光光谱相似,但荧光强度没有发生明显变化.