使用超声估计肌肉疲劳的初步研究

表面肌电信号把神经肌肉活动和肌肉收缩联系起来，已被视为一种估计肌肉疲劳比较客观的方法，但也存在一些不足。另一方面，超声已广泛应用于医学诊断和研究，在骨骼肌方面也有不少研究报道，但还未见文献报道超声用于肌肉疲劳的估计。本文介绍一套自行开发的新的同步连续采集B超图像、力矩和肌电信号的采集系统，并利用它对肱二头肌的肌肉疲劳进行了估计。试验表明在30秒的肌肉疲劳过程中，肌肉厚度会以非线性的方式增加。     

饲喂频率对鲈鱼生长及体生化成分的影响

选取同一种饵料设置1次·d-1、2次·d-1、3次·d-1、4次·d-14个饲喂频率,采用静水连续充气养殖系统,在盐度为26.0%～27.0%、温度为26～30℃条件下对鲈鱼(85.95±2.04)g进行为期40d的生长实验.结果表明:(1)饲喂频率影响鲈鱼的生长是由食物转化率和摄食率的提高共同引起的.(2)水分含量随饲喂频率的增高而保持不变;蛋白质含量随饲喂频率的增加,基本保持不变;脂肪含量随饲喂频率的增高而明显减少;灰分含量随饲喂频率的增多而明显增加.(3)鲈鱼的适宜饲喂频率为2次·d-1.     

Suppression of Chaos and Phase Locking in Two Coupled Nonidentical Neurons under Periodic Input

Dynamical behaviour of two coupled neurons with at least one of them being chaotic is presented. Bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents are calculated to diagnose the dynamical behaviour of the coupled neurons with the increasing coupling strength. It is found that when the coupling strength increases, a chaotic neuron can be controlled by the coupling between neurons. At the same time, phase locking is studied by the maxima of the differences of instantaneous phases and average frequencies between two coupled neurons, and the inherent connection of phase locking and the suppression of chaos is formulated. It is observed that the onset of phase locking is closely related to the suppression of chaos. Finally, a way for suppression of chaos in two coupled nonidentical neurons under periodic input is suggested.     

Group-valued measures on coarse-grained quantum logics

In [3] it was shown that a (real) signed measure on a cyclic coarse-grained quantum logic can be extended, as a signed measure, over the entire power algebra. Later ([9]) this result was re-proved (and further improved on) and, moreover, the non-negative measures were shown to allow for extensions as non-negative measures. In both cases the proof technique used was the technique of linear algebra. In this paper we further generalize the results cited by extending group-valued measures on cyclic coarse-grained quantum logics (or non-negative group-valued measures for lattice-ordered groups). Obviously, the proof technique is entirely different from that of the preceding papers. In addition, we provide a new combinatorial argument for describing all atoms of cyclic coarse-grained quantum logics.     

On the invariant measure for the quasi‐linear Lasota equation

The problem of the existence of the invariant measure is important considering its connections with chaotic behaviour. In the papers (Zesz. Nauk. Uniw. Jagiellońskiego, Pr. Mat. 1982; 23 :117–123; Ann. Pol. Math. 1983; XLI :129–137; J. Differential Equations 2004; 196 :448–465) the existence of invariant and ergodic measures according to the dynamical system generated by the Lasota equation was proved, i.e. the equation describing the dynamics and becoming different of the population of cells. In this paper, the existence of such measure for the quasi‐linear Lasota equation is proved. This measure is the carriage of the measure described by Dawidowicz (Zesz. Nauk. Uniw. Jagiellońskiego, Pr. Mat. 1982; 23 :117–123). Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Integral and differential form of the protein folding problem

The availability of the complete genomic sequences of many species, including human, has raised enormous expectations in medicine, pharmacology, ecology, biotechnology and forensic sciences. However, knowledge is only a first step toward understanding, and we are only at the early stage of a scientific process that might lead us to satisfy all the expectations raised by the genomic projects. In this review I will discuss the present status of computational methods that attempt to infer the unique three-dimensional structure of proteins from their amino acid sequences. Although this problem has been defined as the “holy grail” of biology, it represents only one of the many hurdles in our path towards the understanding of life at a molecular level.     

High Voltage Pulse Power and the Technics for the Capacitor Power-Storage Type

Lower hybrid wave （LHW）, electro cyclotron （EC） and neutral beam injection （NBI） etc. are the important methods of auxiliary heating. They would be devoted to the HL-2A tokamak step by step. In order to satisfy the debug of each system and the need of the experiment, the system should be equipped with high voltage pulse power （HVPP） according to the requirement.     

Generalized Relative Entropies as Contrast Functionals on Density Matrices

We use a class of generalized relative entropies on density matrices to obtain one-parameter families of torsion-free affine connections.     

Effect of maltodextrins on the surface activity of small-molecule surfactants

We report on the effect of commercially important polysaccharides (maltodextrins with variable dextrose equivalent (Paselli SA-2, MD-6 and MD-10) on the surface activity at the air–water interface of small-molecule surfactants (sms), possessing different hydrophobic–lipophilic balance ((SSL (Na⁺), the main component is a sodium salt of stearol–lactoyl lactic acid, and PGE (080), polyglycerol ester of C18 fatty acid), and widely used in food products. A marked change of the surface activity of sms was found in the presence of maltodextrins by tensiometry. The combined data of laser multiangle light scattering and mixing calorimetry have suggested that this result is governed by specific complex formation between maltodextrins and sms in aqueous medium. Measurements have been made of the molar mass, the second virial coefficient and the enthalpy of intermolecular interactions in aqueous solutions. The implication of a degree of polymerization of maltodextrins in this phenomenon was shown. The interrelation between the molecular parameters of the formed complexes and their surface activity at the air–water interface has been revealed and discussed.     

开放式微波消解与干灰化法消解测量食品中铅的方法比较

对开放式微波消解法与干灰化法消解测量食品中铅的方法进行了比较，试验表明，前者操作简易，试验周期短，在测量精度和加标回收率方面两种方法无显著性差别。