Numerical Simulation of Random Close Packing with Tetrahedra

The densest packing of tetrahedra is still an unsolved problem. Numerical simulations of random close packing of tetrahedra are carried out with a sphere assembly model and improved relaxation algorithm. The packing density and average contact number obtained for random close packing of regular tetrahedra is 0.6817 and 7.21 respectively, while the values of spheres are 0.6435 and 5.95. The simulation demonstrates that tetrahedra can be randomly packed denser than spheres. Random close packings of tetrahedra with a range of height are simulated as well. We find that the regular tetrahedron might be the optimal shape which gives the highest packing density of tetrahedra.     

Application of Cosine Zone Plates to Image Encryption

We analyse the diffraction result of optical field after Cosine zone plate, and theoretically deduce its transform matrix. Under some conditions, its diffraction distribution is a mixture of fractional Fourier spectra. Then we use Cosine zone plate and its diffraction result to image encryption. Possible optical image encryption and decryption implementations are proposed, and some numerical simulation results are also provided.     

Structural and Photoluminescence Properties of β-Ga2O3 Nanofibres Fabricated by Electrospinning Method

We have prepared the 13-Ga2 O3 nanofibres by electrospinning method followed by calcining in air at 900℃. The morphology and structure of the nanofibres are characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy （FE-SEM）, x-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman technique. These nanofibres have diameters ranging from 60 to 130hm and lengths up to several millimetres. Photoluminescence （PL） spectrum under excitation at 325 nm shows that theseβ-Ga2 O3 nanofibres have a blue emission peaking at 466nm, which may be attributed to defects such as the oxygen vacancies, gallium vacancies and gallium-oxygen vacancy pairs.     

Two-Layer Feedback Neural Networks with Associative Memories

We construct a two-layer feedback neural network by a Monte Carlo based algorithm to store memories as fixed-point attractors or as limit-cycle attractors. Special attention is focused on comparing the dynamics of the network with limit-cycle attractors and with fixed-point attractors. It is found that the former has better retrieval property than the latter. Particularly, spurious memories may be suppressed completely when the memories are stored as a long-limit cycle. Potential application of limit-cycle-attractor networks is discussed briefly.     

Third-Order Optical Nonlinearity in Novel Porphyrin Dimers

We investigate the third-order optical nonlinearities in four novel porphyrin dimers （dimers A to D） and a monomeric porphyrin H2 CPTPP measured by using the single-beam z-scan technique with a pulsed Q-switched Nd：YAG nanosecond laser at 532nm. All the samples show strong excited state absorption （ESA） and high value of Х^（3） in the ns domain at this wavelength. We perform a comparison between dimer A and its monomer H2 CPTPP in their third-order optical nonlinearity, and discuss the relationships between the values of Х^（3） and the different bridging groups for all the dimers.     

不同碱基物质对燃煤烟气脱氯的影响

实验探究NaOH、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃这三种常见的碱基物质在模拟燃煤烟气中的实际表现,发现三种碱基物质均具有一定的脱氯性能,NaOH、Na₂CO₃、NaHCO₃的脱氯性能依次下降,以脱氯效率70%为目标,使用三种碱基物质Na/Cl比分别需要达到5.8、7.1、8.7。高浓度SO₂的存在对烟气脱氯有竞争作用,随着SO₂浓度的提高,脱氯效率线性下降,不同碱基物质下,SO₂浓度对脱氯效率的影响规律基本一致,SO₂浓度每增加100 mg/m³,脱氯效率下降约1.4%。由于三种碱基物质达到相同脱氯效率时的Na/Cl比不同,综合考虑成本和溶解性,NaOH最具工业应用价值。     

无人机视角下的林木爆燃火特性研究

森林火灾“爆燃”现象的特征是突然发生的高强度、高蔓延速度的燃烧。目前为止,关于“爆燃火”的原因还没有达成共识。以无人机视角下对林木爆燃火特性研究,以四川木里特大森林火灾为研究对象,通过分析凉山州某森林扑火部队3月31日木里森林火灾当天KWT（科卫泰）无人机航拍火场画面,结合无人机实时影像及实地调研数据,分析了峡谷地形林火蔓延时空特征,探讨了峡谷中风向风速变化时空分布规律,研究了地形变化条件下,不同海拔高度风速特征,建立了无人机倾角测量风速模型（其中为风速m·s-1,为无人机倾角°）。结果表明,高山峻岭特殊地形环境下每天4:00—12:00时间段为静风期,为峡谷林火扑救最佳时期;午后15:00—17:00和晚上20:00—22:00为山谷地形风速活跃期;仿真软件数据显示山顶、谷底与山腰不同海拔位置的风速风向不统一,谷底会产生乱流现象,且风速与海拔不存在正相关关系,小气候在复杂地形中占主导影响地位;在谷口至山谷深处的中间位置会出现气流速度的波峰状态,并易形成乱流,为爆燃火发生提供了客观必要条件。该研究可为复杂地形环境下,森林草原火灾扑救安全提供数据和技术支撑。     

X射线荧光光谱法测定重整铂催化剂中氯

建立重整铂催化剂中氯的X射线荧光光谱测定方法。通过研磨机将铂催化剂研磨至粒径小于75 μm的颗粒,采用仪器压片制样,通过测量不同氯含量样品的计数率,建立铂催化剂中氯含量与计数率的线性关系。氯的质量分数在0.85%~1.04%范围内与计数率成良好的线性关系,相关系数为0.9995,检出限为0.0076%。样品加标回收率为96.2%~104.2%,测定结果的相对标准偏差小于2%(n=6)。该法测定结果与电位滴定法相吻合。该方法精密度高,分析速度快,满足重整装置生产调整的要求。     

Ni单原子催化剂表面CO2电还原动力学的电化学谱学解析

针对Ni单原子催化剂表面的CO₂电还原反应(CO₂RR), 提出了以Ni为活性位点的“单中心”机理以及同时借助Ni位点还原和碳氮锚定位水解的“双功能”机理. 依据稳态极化的实验结果, 开展了CO₂RR的动力学解析与模型参数的敏感性分析; 借助暂态模型方程, 分别获取可表达CO₂RR线性与非线性频响特征的电化学阻抗谱(EIS)与总谐波失真(THD)谱. 研究结果表明, CO₂的溶解分压对CO₂RR活性影响最显著. 若CO₂RR遵循“单中心”机理, Ni位点COOH_ads的形成为速率控制步骤; 但若为“双功能”机理, 碳氮锚定位的水解与Ni位点的CO_2,ads还原同为速率控制步骤. EIS理论上可用于区分CO₂RR的“单中心”机理与“双功能”机理; 与之相比, THD谱在CO₂RR的机理识别中并无优势.     

可用于连续识别Cu^2+和阴离子、中性分子荧光探针的研究进展

铜(Cu)含量的高低直接影响着生命体的正常运转和自然体系的平衡.检测铜离子的方法多种多样,其中具有较高敏感度和选择性的荧光化学传感器应用更加广泛.综述了以Cu^2+为基的荧光化学传感器通过替换法实现了对阴离子S^2-, CN^-, H2PO4^-, PPi和I^-以及中性分子ATP、ADP和生物硫醇等的连续识别的研究进展.