Pulsed Gas Jet for Large Size Atomic Cluster Production

A pulsed gas jet of large size noble gas atomic clusters as targets for high intensity femtosecond laser pulses is reported. The jet can work for gas stagnation pressure in excess of 40 atmospheres and with a repetition rate of 10 Hz to fit 10 Hz table-top terrawatt femtosecond Ti∶Sapphire laser. The scaling law indicates that the monomer argon clusters produced in the jet can be as large as 22,000 atoms/cluster at room temperature. Preliminary experiments for argon ionic kinetic energy spectrum indicated that the argon clusters are produced in the jet.     

Direct Determination of Vanadium in Water Samples,Human Hairs,Vegetables, and Foods by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy

At present,the considerable attention was greatly paid to the determination of vanadium from the point of vanadium as a kind of biological nutrient element or one kind of industrial sources of pollution. In the paper,we employed graphite furnace AAS (GFAAS) method to determine directly the vanadium in samples, using optically controlled raising temperature combining with pyrolytic coating tube to atomize vanadium under the conditions of stable temperature for the determination of vanadium in samples.     

拼接式组合扁梁受弯性能分析

本文提出了一种拼接式组合扁梁,对其进行了受弯性能分析．组合扁梁属于内嵌式组合梁,其组成部分较为复杂,传统承载力计算公式偏保守．为便于此类梁的设计,本文在等效应力法的基础上使用等效矩形应力图法,对拼接式组合扁梁的正截面抗弯承载力公式进行推导．使用ABAQUS有限元软件对组合方法公式的准确性进行验证,并与等效应力法公式进行对比,结果表明组合公式得到的数值更为精准．在相同截面高度和用钢量下设计了一个深肋组合扁梁和一个拼接式组合扁梁,并进行了受弯性能对比;同时对不同钢强度和翼缘厚度影响下的拼接式组合扁梁抗弯承载性能进行分析．使用换算截面法对其进行了弹性刚度的计算,并和有限元进行了对比,二者吻合较好,研究结果为拼接式组合扁梁的设计和优化提供了一定参考依据．     

Eu3+,Tb3+共掺杂的NaGd(WO4)2颜色可调荧光粉的水热合成及发光性质研究

在不添加任何模板剂的情况下,采用温和水热法,制备了一系列NaGd0.96-x(WO4)2:0.04Tb3+,xEu3+(x=0,0.005,0.01,0.02,0.04,0.06,0.08,0.10,0.12,0.14,0.16,0.18)荧光粉.采用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)以及荧光分光光度计分别对所得样品的物相结构、形貌粒度及发光性能进行分析表征.结果表明:所合成的样品为NaGd(WO4)2的纯相,属四方晶系白钨矿结构.其形貌为规整的四方盘形,尺寸均一、分散性良好.系列样品均能被近紫外光有效激发,通过改变NaGd(WO4)2中Eu3+/Tb3+的掺杂浓度,实现了对荧光粉发光颜色由绿色到红色的全色调控.     

铝/铁掺杂的非晶碳/铝结构的电致电阻效应研究

采用脉冲激光沉积方法在石英玻璃衬底上沉积铁掺杂的非晶碳膜(a-C:Fe),然后使用真空热蒸发设备在膜上镀铝(Al)电极层,形成Al/a-C:Fe/Al结构的器件.该器件在±5 V测试电压范围内显示出可逆电致电阻效应,具有较好的开关电压、开关比等参数,可用作电阻型随机存储器.     

光催化剂SnC2O4的合成及其可见光催化活性

以(NH4)2C2O4为沉淀剂,采用直接沉淀法合成了新型光催化剂SnC2O4粉末.通过X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、紫外-可见分光光度计及荧光分光光度计等手段对样品的物相结构、微观形貌以及光吸收性能等进行了分析表征.结果表明:所制备的样品为单斜白钨矿型SnC2O4,空间群为C2/C(15).样品的微观形貌为不规则多面体,其禁带宽度为3.44 eV.光致发光光谱表明样品内部可能有大量的氧空位和其它缺陷.以甲基橙为模拟染料废水对SnC2 O4样品的光催化活性进行了评价.当甲基橙染料的浓度为40 mg/L,SnC2 O4光催化剂的投加量为40 mg/50 mL时,在模拟可见光照射下,甲基橙降解率可达99.1;,且光催化降解反应符合一级动力学方程.此外,通过引入活性物种捕获剂证明·O2-在光催化降解甲基橙反应中起重要作用.     

MFAN: Multi-Level Features Attention Network for Fake Certificate Image Detection

Up to now, most of the forensics methods have attached more attention to natural content images. To expand the application of image forensics technology, forgery detection for certificate images that can directly represent people’s rights and interests is investigated in this paper. Variable tampered region scales and diverse manipulation types are two typical characteristics in fake certificate images. To tackle this task, a novel method called Multi-level Feature Attention Network (MFAN) is proposed. MFAN is built following the encoder–decoder network structure. In order to extract features with rich scale information in the encoder, on the one hand, we employ Atrous Spatial Pyramid Pooling (ASPP) on the final layer of a pre-trained residual network to capture the contextual information at different scales; on the other hand, low-level features are concatenated to ensure the sensibility to small targets. Furthermore, the resulting multi-level features are recalibrated on channels for irrelevant information suppression and enhancing the tampered regions, guiding the MFAN to adapt to diverse manipulation traces. In the decoder module, the attentive feature maps are convoluted and unsampled to effectively generate the prediction mask. Experimental results indicate that the proposed method outperforms some state-of-the-art forensics methods.     

重金属铜胁迫苹果砧木根系的显微拉曼光谱诊断研究

重金属污染会影响农作物的正常生长,如何快速准确的实现对农作物中重金属的检测已成为亟待解决的问题之一。传统植物中重金属检测依赖于化学方法,虽然可以实现重金属含量的精准检测,然而其操作过程繁琐,并且无法实现批量样本的检测,更无法实现重金属胁迫下植物组织的原位微观检测。拉曼光谱具备无损探测固体、液体和气体状态的分子振动信息、光谱分辨率高和对水分不敏感等优势,因此利用拉曼光谱技术检测农作物中重金属含量具有可行性。苹果砧木是苹果树幼苗嫁接的基础,能够保障后期的苹果树体健康以及苹果果品品质与产量,而苹果砧木根系受到重金属污染,阻碍其健康生长并影响苹果树幼苗的抗逆性,因此探明重金属与苹果砧木根系互作机理十分必要。该研究以5组不同浓度CuSO₄·5H₂O溶液胁迫下的苹果砧木为研究对象,首先采集不同铜离子(Cu²⁺)胁迫梯度下苹果砧木根系的拉曼散射光谱,利用自适应迭代重加权惩罚最小二乘法(Air-PLS)和S-G平滑方法对所获得的拉曼光谱数据进行预处理,去除荧光影响以及进行基线校正;其次建立偏最小二乘判别分析(PLS-DA)模型和支持向量...     

磁性侧流层析技术在食品污染物快速检测中的研究进展

磁性侧流层析技术（MLFA）是一种将磁性纳米材料与侧流层析检测平台相结合的快速分析技术。在保留了传统侧流层析技术操作简单、快速实时、低成本优势的基础上,引入功能化磁性纳米材料,实现了复杂基质中目标物的选择性分离和富集,从而提高检测灵敏度和准确性。该文重点关注了近五年来MLFA技术在食品分析领域的研究进展,总结了磁性纳米材料的主要种类及MLFA的主要检测原理,并对食源性病原菌和真菌毒素、兽药等小分子有害物质的检测进行了介绍。最后,总结了MLFA技术的研究现状并对未来的发展方向进行了展望。     

苯并双噁唑类聚合物的合成

详细介绍了以4,6-二氨基间苯二酚盐酸盐(DADHB)为原料,采用多聚磷酸法、三甲基硅烷基化法、中间相聚合法、单体成盐法合成聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑(PBO),还有以4,6-二硝基间苯二酚(DNR)为原料,先选择还原制得4-氨基-6-硝基间苯二酚盐酸盐,进而与对甲氧羰基苯甲酰氯进行缩环合获得苯并噁唑化合物,再催化加氢合成AB型PBO新单体2-(对甲氧羰基苯基)-5-氨基-6-羟基苯并噁唑,最后自缩聚反应制备PBO的新路线.另外,本文还介绍了直链烯烃型、直链脂肪烷烃型、稠环芳烃型、联苯取代基型、杂环型、聚醚型等苯并双噁唑类聚合物的合成方法.