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71.
本文提出从高分辨电子显微像中,利用光学、全息和部分相干等方法,提取传递函数,制作相位和振幅滤波器,实现解卷,提高高分辨电子显微像的分辨率. 相似文献
72.
Z.J. Yang T.H. Johansen H. Bratsberg G. Helgesen A.T. Skjeltorp 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》1989,160(5-6):461-465
Based on a dipole-dipole interaction model, we discuss the levitation force and related vibration problems to understand the effects of flux pinning in type-II superconductors, and the applications of levitation in superconducting systems. 相似文献
73.
Tereza C. R. dos Santos Ricardo Q. Aucélio Reinaldo C. Campos 《Mikrochimica acta》2003,142(1-2):63-66
A simple and direct spectrofluorimetric method has been developed for the determination of aluminum using alizarin red PS
(1,2,4-trihydroxy 9,10-anthraquinone-3-sulfonic acid). The method is based on the strong fluorescence (480/564 nm) of Al3+ and alizarin red. Experimental parameters such as pH, concentration of the ligand, ionic strength of the solution, reaction
time and temperature were optimized in order to maximize the analytical signal. Interferences of several ions (anions and
cations) were studied and evaluated. The linear range of the method extends from 3 to 100 μg L−1. Limit of detection (3sb) was 0.9 μg L−1. The method was tested with a silicate certified reference material. Interferences were eliminated by a liquid extraction
with cupferron.
Author for correspondence. E-mail: aucelior@rdc.puc-rio.br
Received September 10, 2002; accepted January 15, 2003
Published online May 5, 2003 相似文献
74.
Thermodynamic fluctuations in systems that are in nonequilibrium steady states are always spatially long ranged, in contrast to fluctuations in thermodynamic equilibrium. In the present paper we consider a fluid subjected to a stationary temperature gradient. Two different physical mechanisms have been identified by which the temperature gradient causes long-ranged fluctuations. One cause is the presence of couplings between fluctuating fields. Secondly, spatial variation of the strength of random forces, resulting from the local version of the fluctuation-dissipation theorem, has also been shown to generate long-ranged fluctuations. We evaluate the contributions to the long-ranged temperature fluctuations due to both mechanisms. While the inhomogeneously correlated Langevin noise does lead to long-ranged fluctuations, in practice, they turn out to be negligible as compared to nonequilibrium temperature fluctuations resulting from the coupling between temperature and velocity fluctuations. 相似文献
75.
Field emission study of thin water layers was performed to examine their properties and their changes after application of a high electric field. Comparison of field emission characteristics of water layers adsorbed on clean tungsten and gold-covered tungsten suggested that, whereas water molecules adsorbed on tungsten are oriented by oxygen atoms towards the metal surface, water layer on gold-covered tungsten has amorphous character with no preferential orientation. Both heated and non-heated layers are heavily influenced by applied high electric field strengths (F ≈30 MV/cm). Decrease of the work function and of the voltage needed for a constant emission current during successive increase of the electric field was tentatively interpreted in terms of chemical and morfological changes of the water layer due to the field dissociation and solvation. 相似文献
76.
V. Z. Kasimov O. V. Ushakova Yu. P. Khomenko 《Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics》2003,44(5):612-619
An improved procedure for modeling the operation of a light-gas gun is proposed. The motion of working bodies in both the firing chamber and the light-gas chamber is studied within the framework of the mechanics of heterogeneous media. The problem of barrel heating taking into account its melting and removal of thermal ablation products into the medium inside the bore is solved in a coupled formulation. Heat and mass transfer and friction on the barrel surface are calculated using empirical dependences. The deformable piston is considered compressible and elastoviscoplastic. Allowance is made for the presence of a clearance between the lateral surface of the piston and the barrel bore walls and the associated gas flow between the firing and the light-gas chamber. Calculation results are given. 相似文献
77.
K.B. Welter Q. Wu Y. You K. Abel D. McCreary S.M. Bajorek J.N. Reyes Jr 《International Journal of Multiphase Flow》2004,30(12):407-1484
This article describes a comprehensive literature review of liquid entrainment in horizontal pipes with vertical-up branches. Deficiencies in the available data and correlations were identified. The Air–water Test Loop for Advanced Thermal–hydraulic Studies (ATLATS) was constructed and entrainment onset and steady-state data were collected for a wide range of flow conditions. Using new insights gained from experimental testing, the authors developed a model for predicting the onset of entrainment and steady-state entrainment rate. Previously published correlations, along with the new model, are compared against all available data. The new model shows very good agreement with the onset data, but is not very good at predicting branch quality at high liquid flow rates. 相似文献
78.
An experimental method is developed to examine the near tip deformation at the mesoscopic scale level. The differential interference contrast (DIC) method is used by application of the Nomarski prism in polarized microscope for measuring the out of surface deformation. The method is very sensitive to small height changes detected by different interference color. Discussed are results for the crack tip deformation field. 相似文献
79.
Teys S. A. Talochkin A. B. Romanyuk K. N. Olshanetsky B. Z. 《Physics of the Solid State》2004,46(1):80-84
Physics of the Solid State - The growth of germanium nanoislands and nanowires on singular and vicinal Si(111) surfaces is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). It is shown that the... 相似文献
80.