Nafion-甲基紫精修饰电极抗坏血酸氧化酶生物传感器的研究

本文用Nafion-甲基紫精修饰电极为基底,以牛血清白蛋白和戊二醛为交联剂,将抗坏血酸氧化酶固定在电极上,制成修饰电极抗坏血酸氧化酶生物传感器。用这种生物传感器测定人体血清中抗坏血酸,线性范围在7.5×10~(-4)～7.5×10~(-7)mol/L之间,响应时间为5s,检测下限为2.5×10~(-7)mol/L。该传感器具有选择性好、灵敏度高和响应时间短等特点。     

硝基和亚硝酸根配位的讨论

在大多数化学参考书的配位化合物章节中,光谱化学序列是这样的的：I----2032- -[1-4],NO2-代表的配位体是硝基还是亚硝酸根,或者可以是二者,并没有给予说明,这样很容易产生错误的理解。     

化学修饰探针原子吸收光谱法测定无机锡（Ⅳ）

本文描述了用化学修饰探针原子吸收法测定水中无机锡(Ⅳ)的最佳测定条件,并测定了自来水和矿泉水中的无机锡(Ⅳ)。水样经盐酸酸化后直接测定,测定样品的最低检测限为0.4 ng/mL,线性范围是0.4～20 ng/mL。4 ng/mL的锡(Ⅳ)试样,11次测定结果的相对标准偏差为5.7%。     

基于化学的“化学测量学与技术”新工科专业建设建议

The background of the establishment of "chemistry metrology and technology" as an emerging engineering education major based on chemistry is analyzed. Based on the national development strategy, aiming at the urgent demand of interdisciplinary talents for the rapid development of chemistry metrology and technology, the necessity of setting up the major of "chemistry metrology and technology" based on chemistry is demonstrated. Based on the investigation of professional talents in instrument development enterprises and application fields, some suggestions on the program of "chemistry metrology and technology" major including orientation, objectives, graduation requirements and professional training are provided. Some requirements of the curriculum, teaching staff and teaching conditions are put forward.     

Exploring the reaction dynamics of O(3P)+ (X2 )→OH+(X3Σ−)+ H(2S) reaction with time‐dependent wave packet method

The O(³P)+ reaction has been investigated by employing time‐dependent quantum wave packet with split operator method on potential energy surface of the doublet ground‐state H₂O⁺(1²A″). The reaction probabilities and integral cross sections are calculated using centrifugal sudden approximation, which basically agree with the quasi‐classical results of Paniagua et al. [Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 2014, 16, 23594]. Moreover, the effect of vibrational and rotational excitation of reactant is investigated. The results show that the vibrational and rotational excitation effects on the integral cross section are not obvious. The little differences between Coriolis coupling results and centrifugal sudden approximation ones show that the cheaper centrifugal sudden calculations here reported are effective for this reaction.     

构象转换型传感器对汞、铅、锶离子的同时检测

将核酸构象转换与纳米孔膜技术联用设计了一种新型高灵敏电化学传感器, 实现了对Hg ²⁺, Pb ²⁺和Sr ²⁺的分步同时检测. 使用2种分别能与Hg ²⁺及Pb ²⁺, Sr ²⁺结合的核酸适体, 将其固定在氧化铝纳米孔膜孔道内以阻碍铁氰化钾离子传导. 利用核酸适体包裹目标物时的蜷缩状态与目标物被洗脱剂洗脱后核酸适体的伸展状态之间的构象转换, 控制纳米孔通道的“开”和“关”, 使铁氰化钾溶液的氧化还原电流发生改变. 通过监测铁氰化钾溶液的电信号变化值, 可实现同时检测此3种金属离子的目的. 实验结果表明, 该传感器对3种金属离子具有很高的灵敏度和选择性, 检测的线性范围均为0.051.50 nmol/L, 对Hg ²⁺, Pb ²⁺和Sr ²⁺的检出限分别为0.013, 0.017和0.022 nmol/L(S/N=3).     

基于成果导向理念，构建“化学专业建设质量保障、反馈及持续改进机制”

基于成果导向教育理念,构建了"化学专业建设质量保障、反馈和持续改进机制"。从化学专业及其课程质量标准保障和持续改进、教学质量保障和持续改进、教学质量提升三个方面对"化学专业建设的质量保障、反馈和持续改进机制"进行了阐述。该机制从国家发展对化学人才需求的战略上保障了专业建设和教学质量的持续改进。     

Carbon nanotube-enhanced electrochemical DNA biosensor for DNA hybridization detection

A novel and sensitive electrochemical DNA biosensor based on multi-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with a carboxylic acid group (MWNTs-COOH) for covalent DNA immobilization and enhanced hybridization detection is described. The MWNTs-COOH-modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) was fabricated and oligonucleotides with the 5'-amino group were covalently bonded to the carboxyl group of carbon nanotubes. The hybridization reaction on the electrode was monitored by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) analysis using an electroactive intercalator daunomycin as an indicator. Compared with previous DNA sensors with oligonucleotides directly incorporated on carbon electrodes, this carbon nanotube-based assay with its large surface area and good charge-transport characteristics dramatically increased DNA attachment quantity and complementary DNA detection sensitivity. This is the first application of carbon nanotubes to the fabrication of an electrochemical DNA biosensor with a favorable performance for the rapid detection of specific hybridization.     

Bovine serum albumin recognition via thermosensitive molecular imprinted macroporous hydrogels prepared at two different temperatures

A novel temperature-sensitive molecular imprinted hydrogel composed of 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-propanosulfonic acid (AMPS), N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAm) and acrylamide (AAm) has been prepared by free-radical cross-linking copolymerization in aqueous solution under two different temperatures (25 °C and −20 °C). Bovine serum albumin (BSA, pI 4.9, MW 66.0 kDa) is used as the template protein. The influence of the external temperature stimuli on the affinity of the hydrogels was investigated, and the optimal binding conditions were tested. The adsorption capacity (Q_max) and association constant (K) for the specific interaction between the hydrogel and the template protein were determined by Langmuir isotherm plots. Several types of reference protein, which are different in molecular weights and isoelectric points were chosen to investigate the selectivity of the hydrogels. It was shown that the shape memory and the charge effect were the major factors for the recognition. This imprinted hydrogel was used to specifically adsorb the BSA from the protein mixture and real sample, which demonstrated its potential selectivity.     

Detection of thrombin using electrogenerated chemiluminescence based on Ru(bpy)3(2+)-doped silica nanoparticle aptasensor via target protein-induced strand displacement

A sensitive and selective aptasensor using tri(2,2′-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)-doped silica nanoparticles (Ru(bpy)₃²⁺-doped SNPs) as DNA tags for detection of thrombin is developed based on the target protein-induced strand displacement of the DNA probe. For the proposed aptasensor, the aptamer was assembled on the surface of the Au electrode through Au-S binding. The hybridization event between the DNA probe labeled by the Ru(bpy)₃²⁺-doped SNPs and the aptamer was evaluated by electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL) measurements. Then, the DNA probe was displaced by thrombin and the binding event between the thrombin and the aptamer was monitored by ECL measurements again. The difference of ECL intensity (ΔI_ECL) of the two events could be used to quantify the thrombin. Other proteins, such as bovine serum albumin and bovine hemoglobin, had almost negligible ΔI_ECL. Under the optimal conditions, the ΔI_ECL was linearly related to the concentration of the thrombin in the range of 10 fM to 10 pM and the detection limit was down to 1.0 fM since SNPs containing a large number of Ru(bpy)₃²⁺ molecules were labeled on the DNA probe.