毛细管电泳-柱端安培检测中分离毛细管与检测电极对接方式比较的研究

针对目前毛细管电泳中普遍采用的水平式和直立式两种柱端安培检测形式,在各种可能的对接角度下,以邻苯二酚、间苯二酚和对苯二酚3种二酚作为分离分析测试对象,对分离毛细管与检测电极的对接方式进行了优化比较,并对每一种对接方式的分析特性进行了测试。结果表明：在以3种典型的方式对接时,分离毛细管与检测电极为倒直立式对接时,获得的检测灵敏度最高,响应电流最大,水平式次之,直立式最小。     

基于磁纳米颗粒的二段对称分裂式G-四分体DNA酶生物传感器用于Hg2+的快速检测

提出了一种可用于Hg²⁺快速检测的基于磁纳米颗粒与二段对称分裂式G-四分体DNA酶的生物传感器. 分别用紫外-可见光谱法, 圆二色光谱法和荧光显微镜成像技术对实验设计的DNA酶传感器进行了表征. 传感器中磁纳米颗粒的应用不仅可以直接从水样中通过磁分离方法分离和富集被测物Hg²⁺, 并且还能将游离的未与Hg²⁺结合的DNA酶和hemin等除去, 有效地提高检测灵敏度和降低背景信号; 此外, 二段对称分裂式G-四分体DNA酶的运用还可增强传感器的灵活性和选择性. 传感器对Hg²⁺检测的线性范围为0.8～20 nmol/L, 检出限为0.3 nmol/L. 当水体中的共存离子大量存在时, 传感器对Hg²⁺的检测仍具有高度特异性. 对实际水样的检测回收率在95.3%～104.4%之间. 实验设计的DNA酶传感器操作简便, 费用低廉, 具有良好的再生能力. 可用于天然水体和饮用水样品中痕量Hg²⁺的检测.     

Determination of Active Ingredients of Apocynum Venetum by Capillary Electrophoresis with Electrochemical Detection

 A simple, reliable and reproducible method, based on capillary electrophoresis (CE) with electrochemical detection (ED), for the determination of three active ingredients of both Apocynum Venetum compound tablets and medicinal herbs was described. The active ingredients mainly consist of rutin, d-catechin and quercetin. Operated in a wall-jet configuration, a 300 μm diameter carbon-disk electrode was used as the working electrode, which exhibits good responses at + 950 mV (vs. SCE) for the three analytes. Under the optimum conditions, the analytes were base-line separated within 19 min, and excellent linearity was obtained in the concentration range from 1.0 × 10⁻⁴ g/ml to 1.0 × 10⁻⁶ g/ml. The detection limit (S/N = 3) was 3.0 × 10⁻⁷ g/ml, 5.0 × 10⁻⁷ g/ml, and 4.0 × 10⁻⁷ g/ml for d-catechin, rutin and quercetin, respectively. This work provides a useful method for the analysis of traditional Chinese medicines. Received July 12, 2000. Revision January 3, 2001.     

电致化学发光法测定药剂中盐酸表阿霉素的含量

在一定的条件下,盐酸阿霉素（ＰＭＢ）有电致化学发光现象,其发光强度受脉冲幅度、底液性质和金属离子的影响,并且在相同的脉冲幅度和一定的浓度范围内,ＰＭＢ的发光强度与浓度在 １．３６ × １０－７～ ８．８ × １０－６ ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内呈现良好的线性关系,可以用于测定药剂中ＰＭＢ的含量。方法的检测限为３．０×１０－８ｍｏｌ／Ｌ（Ｓ／Ｎ＝３）,ＲＳＤ为３．６％（ｎ＝７）。     

化学教育专业计算机辅修课程的改革和实践

本文分析了化学教育专业开设计算机辅修课程的意义,在具体应用的基础上,提出了课程设计原则、课程的具体内容及教学计划等初步方案,以提高化学教育专业学生利用计算机服务于本专业的实际能力。     

5—Br—PNPFF与镍（Ⅱ）的显色反应及其分析应用

研究了新试剂1-(5’-溴-2’-吡啶基)-5-(4’-硝基苯基)-3-(2’-呋喃基)甲■(5-Br-PNPFF)与镍(Ⅲ)的显色反应条件。在吐温-80存在下,pH5.0的邻苯二甲酸氢钾-氢氧化钠缓冲介质中,镍(Ⅲ)与5-Br-PNPFF形成1:2的深绿色配合物,其最大吸收峰在7 10nm处,ε_(710)=4.89×10~4 L/mol.cm~(-1)。选择性好,镍含量在0～300μg/L范围内符合比尔定律。用所拟方法测定钢铁中的微量镍,结果满意。     

Determination of the compositions of polysaccharides from Chinese herbs by capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection

In this paper, capillary zone electrophoresis with amperometric detection (CZE-AD) was applied to determine the compositions of hetero-polysaccharides from Chinese herbs, Angelica sinensis and flax by analyzing their hydrolyzed monosaccharides: fucose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose. Under the selected optimum conditions, the six monosaccharides could be perfectly separated within 25 min and showed significant current responses at copper electrodes. The linear ranges of the six monosaccharides were all from 5.0 x 10(-6) to 2.0 x 10(-4) mol L(-1) and their detection limits were lower or near 1.0 x 10(-6) mol L(-1) (S/N = 3). Experiments showed that the Angelica sinensis polysaccharide was composed of fucose, galactose, glucose, arabinose, rhamnose and xylose (mole ratio 1.0:13.6:15.0:8.7:21.3:3.7), and the flax polysaccharide was composed of galactose, glucose and arabinose (mole ratio 1.0:4.98:1.1). The purity of these polysaccharides leached by the introduced leaching method was 98.3 and 97.6%, respectively. Analyzing polysaccharides by this method has some merits of speed, simple instrumentation and operation, high sensitivity and high reproducibility.     

在石墨电极上脱氧核糖核酸与米托蒽醌嵌入作用的电化学研究

本文研究了单链ＤＮＡ分子在石墨电上的固定方法，采用核酸分子杂交技术，使具有电化学活性的米托蒽酯嵌入ＤＮＡ分子双螺旋结构的碱基对中，在电极上形成ｄｓＤＮＡ－ＭＳ层，通过伏安法研究ＤＮＡ分子和ＭＸ相互作用的电化学行为。     

痕量铅在Nafion修饰电极上的离子交换及其测定的研究

本文利用Nafion膜与试液中的痕量铅进行离子交換的特性,建立了Nafion修饰电极的富集及测定铅的方法,并探讨了Nafion修饰电极作用机理。本方法测定Pb~(2+)的线性范围为13～133ng/mL,变异系数为3.5％,检测下限为6ng/mL。     

磷钼杂多酸修饰电极催化还原测定IO_3~-与BrO_3~-的液相色谱电化学研究

本文介绍了1:12磷钼杂多酸(PMo_(12))修饰电极的制备及其对IO_3~-、BrO_3~-的催化还原作用。本文还研究了在涂敷十六烷基三甲基溴化铵的C_(18)键合固定相上IO_3~-与BrO_3~-的分离方法,并采用修饰电极色谱电化学的方法对IO_3~-与BrO_3~-进行定量测定。IO_3~-、BrO_3~-的量分别在8.0×10(-10)～1.0×10~(-7)mol和1.6×10~(-9)～3.0×10~(-7)mol范围内与峰高呈良好的线性关系,检测限分别为4.0×10~(-10)mol与1.0×10~(-9)mol。用本方法测定IO_3~-和BrO_3~-重现性好、线性范围大,是测定IO_3~-与BrO_3~-的一种实用方法。