Diazabicyclic Electroactive Ionenes for Efficient and Stable Organic Solar Cells

Electroactive ionenes combining caged-shaped diazabicyclic cations and aromatic diimides were developed as interlayers in organic solar cells (OSCs). These ionenes reduce the work-function of air-stable metal electrodes (e.g., Ag, Cu and Au) by generating strong interfacial dipoles, and their optoelectronic and morphological characters can be modulated by aromatic diimides, leading to high conductivity and good compatibility with active layers. The optimal ionene exhibits superior charge-transport, desirable crystallinity, and weak visible-absorption, boosting the efficiency of benchmark PM6 : Y6-based OSCs up to 17.44 %. The corresponding normal devices show excellent stability at maximum power point test under one sun illumination for 1000 h. Replacing Y6 with L8-BO promotes the efficiency to 18.43 %, one of the highest in binary OSCs. Notably, high efficiencies >16 % are maintained as the interlayer thickness increasing to 105 nm, the best result with interlayer-thickness over 100 nm.     

Catalytic Properties of TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript>/Fe<Subscript>3</Subscript>O<Subscript>4</Subscript> Nanoparticles in Plasma Chemical Treatment

We proposed here a new process coupling dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma with magnetic photocatalytic material nanoparticles for improving yield in DBD degradation of methyl orange (MO). TiO₂ doped Fe₃O₄ (TiO₂/Fe₃O₄) was prepared by the sol-gel method and used as a new type of magnetic photocatalyst in DBD system. It was found that the introduction of TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ in DBD system could effectively make use of the energy generated in DBD process and improve hydroxyl radical contributed by the main surface Fenton reaction, photocatalytic reaction and catalytic decomposition of dissolved ozone. Most part of MO (88%) was degraded during 30 min at peak voltage of 13 kV and TiO₂/Fe₃O₄ load of 100 mg/L, with a rate constant of 0.0731 min^?1 and a degradation yield of 7.23 g/(kW h). The coupled system showed higher degradation efficiency for MO removal.     

Recovery and separation of erythromycin from industrial wastewater by imprinted magnetic nanoparticles that exploit β‐cyclodextrin as the functional monomer

A type of surface imprinting over magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles utilizing erythromycin‐A as a template for use in the separation and recovery of erythromycin was developed and investigated. As the intermolecular forces play a key role in the performance of imprinted materials, differential scanning calorimetry, and ¹H NMR spectroscopy was employed to evaluate the interactions between erythromycin and the functional monomer β‐cyclodextrin. To synthesize the surface imprinted polymers, magnetic Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, the core materials, were modified with a free radical initiator to initialize polymerization in a “grafting from” manner. Then using acryloyl‐modified β‐cyclodextrin as the functional monomer and ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate as the cross‐linker, thin erythromycin‐imprinted films were fabricated by the radical‐induced graft copolymerization of monomers on the surface of the Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles. Selectivity experiments showed that the erythromycin‐A‐imprinted materials had recognition ability toward erythromycin derivatives. Finally, these magnetic molecularly imprinted particles were successfully used for the separation and enrichment of erythromycin from the mother liquor. The recovery, detected by high‐performance liquid chromatography and differential pulse voltammetry, approached 97%. The combination of the specific selectivity of the imprinted material and the magnetic separation provided a powerful tool that is simple, flexible, and selective for the separation and recovery of erythromycin.     

施光性高分子——聚(对-乙烯基-α-甲基苯甲醇)的合成

七十年代以前,旋光性高分子的研究主要着眼于聚合反应本身,即企图借助旋光性单体获得立体规整聚合物,或使用手性引发剂,Ziegler-Natta型催化剂等由潜手性单体聚合以得到旋光性高分子^[1]。近十多年来,对于旋光性高分子的兴趣逐渐转到其可能的应用方面,如用做色谱法直接拆分的手性固定相及用于不对称合成的高分子化手性试剂或催化剂等。     

2D NMR研究呋喃糖Grignard加成产物的绝对构型

通过对相应呋喃糖进行Grignard亲和加成合成了苯基及苄基取代呋喃糖.所得主要产物的结构和绝对构型通过二维核磁共振进行了研究.其结果通过计算机分子模拟优化,并进行了比较和确认.     

内爆炸载荷下圆管变形、损伤和破坏规律的研究

以物理统计和唯象研究相结合的方法,建立了微孔洞型的损伤函数模型和损伤演化方程,以变形热力学,Ｄｒｕｃｋｅｒ公设和内变量理论为基础建立了含损伤热塑性材料的增量型本构关系,用所建立的本构关系及损伤演化方程对内部爆轰作用下的圆管破坏过程完成了系列数值模拟,数值结果与实验结果相比较,在圆管变形过程,破坏时间,破坏速度,破坏应变,破坏应变率等信息方面都是基本一致的。     

双轴晶体光学参量放大的研究

介绍了新近提出的光学啁啾脉冲参量放大技术,并以高增益、宽谱带的双轴非线性晶体LBO为例,研究了抽运光和信号光的相位匹配的关系、增益、增益带宽、匹配角的选择,以及增益随晶体长度变化的趋势和双曲正割和高斯脉冲输入非线性晶体前后变化的情况。     

Interaction of Love waves with coupled cavity modes in a 2D holey phononic crystal

The interaction of Love waves with square array of pillars deposited on a cavity defined in a 2D holey phononic crystal is numerically investigated using Finite Element Method. First, the existence of SH surface modes is demonstrated separately for phononic crystals that consist of square arrayed holes, or rectangular arrayed Ni pillars, respectively in, or on, a SiO₂ film deposited on a ST-cut quartz substrate. The coupling between SH modes and torsional mode in pillars induces a transmission dip that occurs at a frequency located in the range of the band-gap of the holey phononic crystal. Second, a cavity is constructed by removing lines of holes in the holey phononic crystal and results in a transmission peak that matches the dip. The optimal geometrical parameters enable us to create a coupling of the cavity mode and the localized pillar mode by introducing lines of pillars into the cavity, which significantly improved the efficiency of the cavity without increasing the crystal size. The obtained results will pave the way to implement advanced designs of high-performance electroacoustic sensors based on coupling modes in phononic crystals.     

Tumor‐Targeting W18O49 Nanoparticles for Dual‐Modality Imaging and Guided Heat‐Shock‐Response‐Inhibited Photothermal Therapy in Gastric Cancer

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is an emerging noninvasive and precise localized therapeutic modality; however, it is deeply limited by its poor tumor accumulation, inadequate photothermal conversion efficiency, and the thermoresistance of cancer cells. Aimed at these shortcomings, tumor‐targeting nanoparticles (iRGD‐W₁₈O₄₉‐17AAG) comprising carboxyl‐group‐functionalized W₁₈O₄₉ nanoparticles, integrin‐targeting peptide iRGD, and HSP90‐inhibitor 17AAG are developed. The W₁₈O₄₉ nanoparticles act as excellent PTT carriers and computed tomography (CT) imaging contrast agents. The ring type polypeptide iRGD promotes the accumulation of nanoparticles in the tumour and further penetration into cancer cells. The introduction of 17AAG can inhibit the heat‐shock response and overcome the thermoresistance, thus increasing the curative effect of PTT and reducing the chance of tumor recurrence. The W₁₈O₄₉ nanoparticles can also be used to monitor and guide the phototherapeutic through CT and near‐infrared fluorescence imaging after modification with Cy5.5. In addition, superior biosafety is also indicated in both preliminary in vitro and in vivo assessments. The potential of iRGD‐W₁₈O₄₉‐17AAG in tumor targeting, dual modality imaging‐guided and remarkable enhanced PTT of gastric cancer with ignorable side effect both in vitro and in vivo, which may be further applied in clinic, is highlighted.