基于波传播系数构建填实爆炸下花岗岩中运动及变形场

为利用球面波实验测得的有限个粒子速度信息来分析地下爆炸下介质的运动及变形特性,基于黏弹性球面波理论和局部黏弹性等效假设,提出了一种构建地下爆炸运动及变形场的新方法。首先,利用0.125 g TNT填实爆炸下花岗岩中相邻测点的粒子速度频谱给出相应的频谱比;其次,结合黏弹性球面波理论给出的理论频谱比求解出相邻测点之间区域内等效的球面波传播系数;再次,利用局部黏弹性等效假设给出相邻测点之间任意一点的粒子速度频谱,再通过傅里叶逆变换给出粒子速度的时域波形;最后,利用运动场和变形场的物理关系,完成整个分析区域内运动场和变形场的构建。结果表明:由相邻测点反演得到的波传播系数,可高精度地构建相应测点之间区域内介质的运动及变形场;在半径15~50 mm区域内,径向压缩应变峰值约从1.7×10^-2降为2.1×10^-3,切向拉伸应变峰值约从4.7×10^-3降为0.4×10^-3,径向压缩应变率峰值约从5.1×10^4 s^-1降为2.5×10^3 s^-1,切向拉伸应变率峰值约从5.0×10^3 s^-1降为1.4×10^2 s^-1,涵盖了高应变(率)到中低应变(率)加、卸载的全过程。     

Determination of Dimethyl Phthalate in Environment Water Samples by a Highly Sensitive Indirect Competitive ELISA

Recent controversy over the discovery of clouding agents containing the banned chemical di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate in beverages in 2011 in Taiwan has caused public concerns. For the detection of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) in environment water samples, an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) was developed in this paper. Dimethyl 4-aminophthalate (4-DMAP) was covalently attached to bovine serum albumin as immunogen by a diazotization method. The conjugation of DMAP and ovalbumin as coating antigen was obtained in the same way. Polyclonal antibody was obtained from New Zealand white rabbits. Under the optimized conditions, DMP was detected in the concentration range of 0.02–419 ng/mL with a detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL. The proposed method has been applied to the analysis of river water, lake water, and rain water samples. Satisfactory recoveries were obtained ranging from 90.6% to 105.5%. The cross-reactivities of the anti-DMP antibody to seven structurally related phthalate esters were below 10%. The data demonstrated that the ic-ELISA method described in our study is a simple, sensitive, and specific method and showed that this assay is a reliable tool to detect DMP in water samples.     

芯片毛细管电泳-安培检测系统

由于安培检测具有的高灵敏度、低成本、低能耗、易集成化便携化、与微加工技术匹配等特点,芯片毛细管电泳-安培检测系统（μCE-AD）的研究近年来得到人们广泛的关注。本文结合本课题组的研究工作,对近年来μCE-AD的研究进展进行评述;重点讨论了近年来在芯片的设计、集成化电极的制备、消除分离电压的干扰等方面的进展;同时介绍了利用分离电场拓展检测范围、阵列电极和阵列通道、化学修饰电极的应用、新型进样技术和试样预处理等方面的新成就;最后展望了未来μCE-AD的发展趋势。     

A novel ball-in-ball hollow oxygen-incorporating cobalt sulfide spheres as high-efficient electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution reaction

Transition-metal chalcogenides with hollow nanostructure,especially cobalt sulfides,are considered as the most pro mising non-precious metal catalysts for oxygen evolution reactio n.However,it is difficult to synthesize oxygen-containing cobalt sulphides with hollow structure due to the different physical/chemical properties between metal sulfides and metal cobalts.Herein,we report a novel oxygencontaining amorphous cobalt sulfide ball-in-ball hollow sphere s(Co-S-O BBHS) synthesized by an anion exchange method.Taking advantage of the ball-in-ball hollow structure,the amorphous Co-S-O BBHS shows supe rior oxygen evolution reaction(OER) electrocatalytic performance with a low overpotentiat of285 mV at 10 mA/cm~2,small Tafel slope of 49.67 mV/dec,high Faraday efficiency of 96%,and satisfied durability.Experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate that the introduction of oxygen and sulfur modulates the electronic structure of Co-S-O BBHS,thus enhancing the adsorption of *0(adsorbed 0 species on catalyst surface) intermediate,which greatly boosts the catalytic activity towards OER.This work provides a new strategy for controllable synthe sis of complex hollow structures of transition-metal chalcogenides for OER.     

基于星敏感器的星载惯性基准误差的实时估计与补偿

本文对利用星敏感器修正星载惯性基准误差的方案进行了分析并给出了仿真结果。星敏感器能够提供姿态误差观测值,以卡尔曼滤波为基础,利用这些观测值可以在线估计并补偿陀螺仪的漂移误差,从而达到保证惯性基准精度的目的。     

氮杂冠醚接枝壳聚糖的合成及其对金属离子的吸附性能

本文利用壳聚糖Ｃ２位上活泼的氨基先与苯醛反应制备成保护氨基的Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱壳聚糖,再将含环氧基的氮杂冠醚接枝到壳聚糖的Ｃ６位上,制得含Ｓｃｈｉｆｆ碱的氮杂冠醚壳聚糖,随后使其在一定条件下脱去苯甲醛,合成了一种含氮杂冠醚功能基的新型壳聚糖衍生物,研究了其重金属离子Ｐｂ＾２＋,Ｃｕ＾２＋、Ｃｒ＾３＋、Ｃｄ＾２＋的静态吸附性能。结果表明,该吸附剂对重金属离子具有较强的吸附能力,在Ｐｈ＾２＋、Ｃｕ＾２＋、     

Hexakis­(imidazole‐N3)­nickel(II) bis(4‐methoxy­benzoate)

In the title complex of [Ni(C₃H₄N₂)₆](C₈H₇O₃)₂, the Ni atom is in an octahedral environment formed by the tertiary N atom of the imidazole moieties. The methoxy­benzoate moieties act as a bridge connecting two hexakis­(imidazole)nickel(II) mol­ecules through N—H?O hydrogen bonds.     

以溶液法PEDOT∶PSS作为空穴传输层的免光刻背接触硅太阳电池

对PEDOT∶PSS(聚(3,4亚乙二氧基噻吩)-聚(苯乙烯磺酸))薄膜与Mg、Al和Ag三种金属接触后的I-V特性曲线进行了测试分析,发现Mg和Al与PEDOT∶PSS薄膜接触后呈现高电阻特性,可以起到绝缘隔离层的作用。在此基础上,以PEDOT∶PSS作为空穴传输层,以LiF作为电子传输层,以PEDOT∶PSS与Mg/Al的接触作为隔离层,不采用光刻工艺,设计制备了只需一次掩膜工艺的背接触太阳电池。通过在PEDOT∶PSS上采用热丝氧化升华技术制备MoO_x层,通过优化LiF薄膜的厚度,在抛光硅片上初步实现了开路电压最高为592 mV和效率最高为10.13%的背接触太阳电池。采用金属辅助腐蚀制备硅纳米线陷光结构改善前表面陷光效果,得到了开路电压为587 mV,短路电流密度为35.57 mA/cm²,填充因子为69.97%,效率为14.61%的背接触太阳电池。     

毛细管电动色谱分离手性氨基酸及其在生物样品分析中的应用

建立了MEKC法分离丙氨酸(Ala)、谷氨酸(Glu)和天门冬氨酸(Asp)三对手性氨基酸,并对大鼠正常组和白内障组晶体和血清中DAla、LAla、DGlu、LGlu、DAsp和LAsp进行定量分析。利用FITC柱前衍生,以β环糊精(βCD)作为手性添加剂,激光诱导荧光检测(LIF),优化电泳条件为气压进样5s,分离温度25℃,分离电压为20kV,运行缓冲溶液为40mmol/L硼砂缓冲溶液(pH9.3),其中包含50mmol/LSDS和13mmol/LβCD。考察了硼砂缓冲溶液浓度、pH值、分离电压、β环糊精浓度对分离的影响。在优化电泳条件下,上述3种氨基酸对映体均得到基线分离,并可对大鼠的晶体和血清进行定量分析。本方法操作简单,检测灵敏度高,可用于药品质量监测以及生物样品的分析。     

Discrete particle modeling of granular temperature distribution in a bubbling fluidized bed

The discrete hard sphere particle model (DPM) is applied in this work to study numerically the distributions of particle and bubble granular temperatures in a bubbling fluidized bed. The dimensions of the bed and other parameters are set to correspond to those of Müller et al. (2008). Various drag models and operational parameters are investigated to find their influence on particle and bubble granular temperatures. Various inlet superficial gas velocities are used in this work to obtain their effect on flow characteristics. It is found that the superficial gas velocity has the most important effect on granular temperatures including bubble granular temperature, particle translational granular temperature and particle rotational granular temperature. The drag force model affects more seriously the large scale variables such as the bubble granular temperature. Restitution coefficient influences all granular temperatures to some degree. Simulation results are compared with experimental results by Müller et al. (2008) showing reasonable agreement.