Identification and Accurate Size Characterization of Nanoparticles in Complex Media

We have developed a new method for the identification and accurate size characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) in complex media based on capillary electrokinetic (CE) separation coupled to inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP‐MS). Through mass scanning and Gaussian fitting of electropherogram peaks, we can obtain multidimensional information on chemical compositions, size distributions, and ionic species of multiple NPs in a single run. The results are more accurate than those obtained by using conventional methods. This method provides a powerful tool for investigating polydisperse NP systems and rapid screening of NP‐containing products.     

Determination of nicotine and its metabolites accumulated in fish tissue using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry

The determination of nicotine and its major metabolites (cotinine and anabasine) in fish tissue was performed using liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Marine and freshwater fish were purchased from local grocery stores and were prepared based on a quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe sample preparation protocol. To determine the highly polar compounds, hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography was also used. There were modest suppressions on measured nicotine signals (10%) due to the matrix effects from marine fish but no obvious effects on freshwater fish signals. Method validation was incorporated with internal standards and carried out with matrix‐matched calibration. The detection limits for nicotine, cotinine, and anabasine were 9.4, 3.0, and 1.5 ng/g in fish, respectively. Precision was quite acceptable returning less than 8% RSD at low, medium, and high concentrations. Acceptable and reproducible extraction recoveries (70–120%) of all three compounds were achieved, except for anabasine at low concentration (61%). The method was then applied to define nicotine bioaccumulation in a fathead minnow model, which resulted in rapid uptake with steady state internal tissue levels, reached within 12 h. This developed method offers a fast, easy, and sensitive way to evaluate nicotine and its metabolite residues in fish tissues.     

调制式DSC在高聚物研究中的应用

综述了一种新的热分析技术－－调制式差示扫描量热示（Modulated Differentail Scanning Calorimetry）。对其工作原理，优点及在高聚物研究中的应用作了简介。     

Anion‐controlled Syntheses and Crystal Structures of a Pair of Novel Azide‐bridged Copper(II) Complexes Constructed from 4‐Chloro‐2‐[(2‐dimethylaminoethylimino)methyl]phenol

A pair of novel azide‐bridged polynuclear copper(II) complexes, [CuL(μ_1,1‐N₃)]_n ( 1 ) and [Cu₄L₂(CH₃COO)₂(μ_1,1‐N₃)₄] ( 2 ) (L = 4‐chloro‐2‐[(2‐dimethylaminoethylimino)methyl]phenolate), have been obtained from the same Schiff base ligand and an identical synthetic procedure using anions of the metal salts as the only independent variable. Complex 1 was synthesized using copper(II) nitrate, while complex 2 was synthesized using the copper(II) acetate as the salt. Both of the complexes show novel supramolecular structures in their crystals as elucidated by X‐ray analyses. The polynuclear complex 1 contains [CuL(μ_1,1‐N₃)]_n units as the building blocks, crystallizes in the Pbca space group. The tetra‐nuclear complex 2 contains [Cu₄L₂(CH₃COO)₂(μ_1,1‐N₃)₄] units as the building blocks, crystallizes in the space group.     

作物和杂草叶片的可见-近红外反射光谱特性

为了进行快速实时的杂草识别,研究了作物和杂草叶片的可见-近红外反射光谱特性.选择了两种常见的 田间作物大豆(Glycine max)和玉米(Zea mays),以及铁苋菜(Acalypha australis L.)和田字草(Marsilea quadrifolia L.)两种杂草作为研究对象.每种各30个样本.共120个样本.采用ASD Fieldspec便携式光谱仪进行光谱采集.在对400～1000 nm的光谱数据进行平滑和-阶求导预处理、.通过主成份分析.去除了一个奇异样本.最后用79个样本组成的建模集进行偏最小二乘法建模.对剩余的40个样本进行预测.预测模型结果的相关性达到0.986,识别率达到100%.说明研究中选用的作物和杂草叶片的可见-近红外反射光谱特性之19有较大的区别,町以用于 进行杂草和作物的区分.     

镍 钴 钯 铁2—（二苯基膦基）吡啶配合物的合成及其催化羰基化反应

众所周知,铑催化剂是醇类羰基化的有效催化剂,但是铑价格昂贵且对设备有腐蚀性,因此,寻找出对醇类羰基化催化活性好的非贵金属催化剂,对醇类羰化的工业化有十分重要的意义。 本文在温和条件下,合成了四种含有相同配体(Ph_2PPy)不同金属的有机配合物(金属基分别为Ni、Co、Pd、Fe),并探索了它们对乙醇羰基化反应的催化活性。     

Study on the chemisorption kinetics of Methylene Blue using SERS technique

SERS technique was used to study the chemisorption kinetics of Methylene Blue (MB) on the HNO3-etched silver surface. The adsorption kinetic parameters were deduced from different vibrational modes at a low concentration of 3.5×10-6 mol/L, and it showed that MB adsorbed uniformly (monolayerly) on silver surface. However, the adsorptive behavior turned anomalous at relatively higher concentrations and a possible explanation was suggested. In addition, the influence of Cl- ions on the adsorption states of MB was investigated, and it was shown that MB molecules, adsorbed on the silver surface, tended to transform from the "lying-down" state to the "end- on"4 state after Cl- ions were added.     

多元小波变换及L^2（R^p）框架

提出了一般形式不可分离变量的多元小波变换,通常的小汉变换只是本的特例,进而相应地构造了多元小波框架以及多元函数小波框架展开式。     

Functional organic nanoparticles for photodynamic therapy

In recent years, cancer has been one of the leading causes of death in the world. Much effort has been devoted to developing cancer treatments. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a noninvasive therapeutic modality by combining the light of a specific wavelength, a photosensitizer (PS) and oxygen, which has been widely applied for the treatment of cancers. However, the application of PDT in clinic is greatly limited due to lack of tumor selectivity and often causing skin photosensitivity. The use of organic nanoparticles (NPs) as an advanced technology in the field of PDT shows a great promise to overcome these shortcomings. Therefore, in this review, we summarize several functional organic NPs as PS carriers that have been developed to enhance the efficacy of PDT against cancers.     

硫酸铵存在下碘化物-乙基紫-异丙醇体系萃取分离镉

研究了在硫酸铵存在下,碘化物-乙基紫-异丙醇体系萃取镉的行为以及异丙醇水溶液的分相条件。实验表明,异丙醇作为萃取溶剂,能萃取中性离子缔合物。溶液pH1-6时,该体系能使Cd^2 从常见过渡元素Fe^3 、Co^2 、Ni^2 、Mn^2 、ZN^2 的混合液中分离出来。