一种双光梳多外差大尺寸高精度绝对测距新方法的理论分析

本文提出了一种双光梳多外差大尺寸高精度绝对测距的新方法, 结合基于双光梳互相关的多外差距离测量和基于重复频率的梳间拍频距离测量, 在不需要依靠脉冲飞行时间先验判断以及扫描重复频率或扫描参考光路的前提下实现km量程高精度绝对测距. 文章在光梳基本原理和测距方案的基础上, 建立了基于双光梳的大尺寸距离测量链理论模型, 讨论了多外差最低谱线和光梳重复频率稳定度对测量结果的影响, 并进行了大量仿真计算; 仿真结果表明, 在理想相位解调精度的前提下, 该方法的测距误差优于± 50 pm, 且多外差最低谱线的频率偏差对测距造成的影响远低于多外差测量的测距分辨力, 验证了该方法能够用于开展大尺寸高精度绝对测距研究. 关键词： 激光测距 飞秒光梳 重复频率 多外差干涉     

飞秒强激光场中水分子的电离激发

本文运用含时密度泛函理论和分子动力学非绝热耦合的方法, 研究了水分子在不同极化方向的激光场中的电离和动力学行为. 计算结果表明, 对应相同的极化方向, 随着激光强度的增加, 水分子的电离增强; 对于相同强度的激光, 当激光极化方向沿水分子对称轴方向时, 水分子的电离最强, 当激光极化方向垂直水分子对称轴方向时, 水分子电离受到最大程度的抑制. 对水分子偶极矩的研究表明, 当分子处于线性响应区域时, x方向的激光只能激发起x方向的偶极振动而y方向的激光只能激发起y方向的偶极振动. 对水分子的键长和键角的研究表明, 在激光场中水分子的键长变长, 键角变大, 但变化幅度随着激光极化角的增大而减小. 此外, 研究还发现, 虽然在不同极化方向的激光脉冲的驱动下, 水分子OH键的振动频率与激光频率相当, 在脉冲关闭后, 振动频率减小, 但激光场的极化方向对水分子振动模式具有选择性. 关键词： 含时密度泛函理论 分子动力学 水分子 电离     

Off-shell effects in quasielastic electron nucleus scattering

Using the Ward-Takahashi identity, on-shell condition, bound Dirac equation and off-shell expansion, a reduced version of half off-shell virtual photon nucleon vertex has been suggested. The vertex are decomposed into several different order terms: the on-shell terms, first and second off-shell terms. The off-shell behaviour of the form factors is discussed in the one meson loop model. Using the reduced vertex and parametrized off-shell form factors the quasielastic response functions are calculated for several nuclei at ¦q¦–k_f and for⁵⁶Fe at large ¦q¦ up to 1.14 GeV/c and at ?q²=0.9 (GeV/c)². The Coulomb sums are evaluated and a comparison of the theoretical prediction with data is given. The off-shell electron nucleon cross section is calculated and compared with the “cc1” off-shell extrapolation.     

Canonical Basis for Quantum {\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)}

We introduce a modified quantum enveloping algebra as well as a (modified) covering quantum algebra for the ortho-symplectic Lie superalgebra ${\mathfrak{osp}(1|2)}$ . Then we formulate and compute the corresponding canonical bases, and relate them to the counterpart for ${\mathfrak{sl}(2)}$ . This provides a first example of canonical basis for quantum superalgebras.     

Immunoassays Based on Surface-Enhanced Fluorescence using Gap-Plasmon-Tunable Ag Bilayer Nanoparticle Films

A novel gap-plasmon-tunable Ag bilayer nanoparticle film for immunoassays is demonstrated. Different from a traditional Ag monolayer nanoparticle film, a desired number of polyelectrolyte (PEL) layers are deposited on the nanoparticles before the self-assembly of a second Ag nanoparticle layer. Interestingly, by controlling the number of the PEL interlayers, the gap plasmon between the two Ag nanoparticle layers can be tuned across the visible spectral range. The ability of the presented Ag bilayer nanoparticle films in fluorescence enhancement has been examined experimentally. A maximal enhancement of around 15.4 fold was achieved when 7 layers of polyelectrolyte were used. When this optimal Ag bilayer nanoparticle film was applied to fluorescence immunoassay, a performance with approximately 3.3-fold enhancement was obtained compared with that performed on a traditional glass substrate. The experimental results suggest that the presented gap-plasmon tunable Ag bilayer nanoparticle films have great potential in fluorescence-based immunoassays. The method of the bilayer-film construction presented here also provides new insights into the rational design of the plasmonic substrates.     

C74分子光谱特性及电子结构的密度泛函研究

利用第一性原理的密度泛函理论和非平衡格林函数的方法研究了C74分子的分子轨道密度、振动光谱和态密度。结果显示C74分子的能隙0.6eV。比较C74分子的电子云分布发现,在HOMO和LUMO状态下的电子只分布在C74分子的半球表面侧,电子在成键过程中都表现出了较好的离域特性。C74分子的红外光谱和拉曼光谱显示,碳碳键的振动在有些频率处只有红外活性,有些频率处只有拉曼活性,还有一些频率处既有红外又有拉曼活性。另外,考虑电子自旋作用时C74分子态密度的极大值数量有所增加,并使简并的能级发生分裂。     

高压下AuCu3热动力学性质的第一性原理研究

利用平面波赝势密度泛函理论研究了AuCu3的结构性质,得到了晶格常数a、体弹模量 、体弹模量对压强的一阶导数 ,计算结果与实验值相吻合。通过准谐德拜模型成功地获得了高温高压下AuCu3的状态方程、热膨胀系数、热容及德拜温度。     

Synthesis and luminescent properties of BaGd2O4:Dy3+, an novel scintillating phosphor

The BaGd_2?x O₄:xDy³⁺ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.08) phosphors were synthesized at 1,300 °C in air by the solid-state reaction route. The as-synthesized phosphors were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction, photoluminescence excitation spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, X-ray excited luminescence (XEL) spectra, and thermoluminescence (TL) spectra. It is found that the quenching concentration of Dy³⁺ ions in BaGd₂O₄ host is dependent on the selected excitation wavelength. The optimal PL intensity for the investigated BaGd_2?x O₄:xDy³⁺ phosphors is found to be x = 0.01, 0.02, and 0.04, upon excitation by 234, 277, and 350 nm ultraviolet light, respectively. The energy transfer among Dy³⁺ ions upon excitation by 350 nm is confirmed to be an electric dipole–dipole interaction mechanism based on the fitting of Huang’s rule. In addition, the intensive XEL from BaGd₂O₄:Dy³⁺ phosphor is observed by the naked eyes at room temperature, and TL properties of the investigated phosphors are analyzed and discussed. All the results imply that the investigated phosphors could be a promising scintillating phosphor.