f I-sets and decomposition of R I C-continuity

First, we introduce the notion of f _I-sets and investigate their properties in ideal topological spaces. Then, we also introduce the notions of R _I C-continuous, f _I-continuous and contra*-continuous functions and we show that a function f: (X,τ,I) to (Y,φ) is R _I C -continuous if and only if it is f _I-continuous and contra*-continuous. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Evaluation of in vivo analgesic activity of Scrophularia kotscyhana and isolation of bioactive compounds through activity-guided fractionation

The present study was undertaken to evaluate the in vivo analgesic activities of the extracts prepared from the aerial parts and roots of Scrophularia kotscyhana and to isolate the bioactive metabolites from the most active extract. Analgesic activities of all extracts and subextracts at the doses of 5, 10 and 30 mg/kg (i.p.) were examined using hot plate test in mice. Among the tested extracts, MeOH extract prepared from the aerial parts and the n-butanol subextract prepared thereof displayed the best analgesic activity at all doses. Phytochemical studies on n-butanol subextract led to the isolation of two new iridoid glycosides as an inseparable mixture, 8-O-acetyl-4′-O-(E)-(p-coumaroyl)-harpagide (1) and 8-O-acetyl-4′-O-(Z)-(p-coumaroyl)-harpagide (2) along with five known secondary metabolites, β-sitosterol 3-O-β-glucopyranoside (3), apigenin 7-O-β-glucopyranoside (4), apigenin 7-O-rutinoside (5), luteolin 7-O-β-glucopyranoside (6) and luteolin 7-O-rutinoside (7). The iridoid mixture (1 and 2), 3 and 4 elicited significant inhibition of pain at 5 mg/kg dose.     

On the performance of West’s bubble test: A simulation approach

In this research we examine the ability of West’s bubble test [1] in detecting speculative bubbles using Brock’s (1982) [2] intertemporal general equilibrium model of asset pricing as the basis for a simulation study. In this setting, (1) the economy, by construction is efficient and produces the maximally possible amount of welfare for society, and (2) asset prices reflect the utility-maximizing behavior of consumers and the profit-maximizing behavior of firms. We find that the West’s bubble test flag as “bubbles” in the simulated data yet the data is produced from an economy in which markets are efficient in welfare production.     

On semi-I-regular sets, AB I -sets and decompositions of continuity, R I C-continuity, A I -continuity

Summary We introduce the notion of a semi-I-regular set and investigate some of its properties. We show that it is weaker than the notion of a regular-I-closed set. Additionally, we also introduce the notion of an AB_I -set by using the semi-I-regular set and study some of its properties. We conclude that a subset A of an ideal topological space (X,τ,I) is open if and only if it is an AB_I -set and a pre-I-open set.     

Anodic stripping voltammetric determination of vardenafil hydrochloride at pencil graphite electrode

In this paper, we present a very popular and low-cost sensor material as disposable pencil graphite electrode (PGE) system for the trace-level determination of vardenafil hydrochloride (VRL). Electrochemical behavior and determination of VRL was carried out by cyclic and square-wave adsorptive anodic stripping (SW-AdAS) voltammetry. The proposed method was highly sensitive and had a linear calibration range from 3 × 10^?10 to 1 × 10^?7 M with a correlation coefficient of 0.997. The limit of detection and limit of quantitation values were calculated as 1 × 10^?10 and 3 × 10^?10 M, respectively. Developed method with disposable PGE shows high sensitivity, selectivity and stability in a wide concentration range for VRL determination without the necessity of any modification. Additionally, this system was successfully applied in Levitra^® tablets and spiked human serum in trace level of VRL. Some kinetic parameters of VRL’s were represented for the first time. The results showed that the proposed method is highly sensitive, easy and low cost for trace-level determination of VRL.     

Ionic liquid incorporated SPEEK/Chitosan solid polymer electrolytes: ionic conductivity and dielectric study

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this study, polymeric membranes composed of ionic liquid (IL), 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate supported sulfonated poly(ether ether...     

Multiplication operators on Cesàro second order function spaces

Positivity - In this article, we investigate bounded, invertible and compact multiplication operators on the second order Cesàro function spaces.