毛细管电泳法快速测定复方地芬诺酯片中的地芬诺酯和阿托品

建立了毛细管电泳高频电导法同时测定地芬诺酯和阿托品的方法。探讨了缓冲溶液、有机溶剂添加剂、分离电压和进样条件以及毛细管内径和长度等因素对分离检测的影响。在电泳介质为10.0mmol/L乳酸-15.0?H5OH、分离电压20.0kV的优化条件下,6min内即可实现地芬诺酯和阿托品的同时分离检测,线性范围分别为5.00~500和2.00~320mg/L;检出限分别为3.0和1.0mg/L。     

TiO(2) porous electrodes with hierarchical branched inner channels for charge transport in viscous electrolytes.

Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) photoelectrodes with micro/nano hierarchical branched inner channels have been prepared by an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique and assembled to form dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Excellent penetration of ionic-liquid electrolytes and enhanced light harvesting in the longer wavelength region are realized within the composite-structure electrode, thus a better fill factor (ff) of 75.3 % and higher conversion efficiency (eta) of 7.1 % are obtained for viscous ionic-liquid electrolytes compared to pure nanostructured films. Hierarchical branched channels in the photoanodes can efficiently improve the transport properties of redox-active species in viscous electrolytes, which is demonstrated by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The incident monochromatic photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) shows that enhanced light scattering in the composite film is of benefit for light harvesting and thus for solar energy conversion efficiency.     

Ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for specific detection of DNA based on molecular beacon mediated circular strand displacement polymerization and hyperbranched rolling circle amplification

Using a cascade signal amplification strategy, an ultrasensitive electrochemical biosensor for specific detection of DNA based on molecular beacon (MB) mediated circular strand displacement polymerization (CSDP) and hyperbranched rolling circle amplification (HRCA) was proposed. The hybridization of MB probe to target DNA resulted in a conformational change of the MB and triggered the CSDP in the presence of bio-primer and Klenow fragment (KF exo⁻), leading to multiple biotin-tagged DNA duplex. Furthermore, the HRCA was implemented to product amounts of double-stranded DNA (ds-DNA) fragments using phi29 DNA polymerase via biotin-streptavidin interaction. After the product of HRCA binded numerous biotinylated detection probes, an ultrasensitive electrochemical readout by further employing the streptavidin-alkaline phosphatase. The proposed biosensor exhibited excellent detection sensitivity and specificity with a log-linear response to target DNA from 0.01 fM to 10 pM as low as 8.9 aM. The proposed method allowed DNA detection with simplicity, rapidness, low cost and high specificity, which might have the potential for application in clinical molecular diagnostics and environmental monitoring.     

pH和钙离子协同控制的纳米流体门控器件

生命体内的钙离子通道在各种生物功能调节过程及生命活动中起着至关重要的作用. 模仿生物体中钙离子通道的各种功能性, 构建人工智能通道, 并研究通道中的钙离子输运性能成为一项非常重要的研究课题. 通过重粒子轰击技术及径迹刻蚀方法在高分子聚合物薄膜上设计并制备了一种非对称的锥形多孔纳米通道. 并且通过在锥形纳米通道内壁修饰功能分子O-磷酸基L-络氨酸(OPLT)使纳米通道具有pH与钙离子协同响应的功能. 此体系模仿了生物体中钙离子响应的离子通道的离子输运行为, 及类似二极管的离子整流特性, 并表现出了稳定的离子门控特性及可逆性. 当pH为5时, 通道内壁修饰的OPLT中的氨基使通道内壁显正电性, 通道表现为选择阴离子, 而排斥阳离子的离子选择输运性能, 加入钙离子后离子电流并无明显变化, 此时纳米通道不具有钙离子响应性质; 当pH为9时, OPLT中的磷酸根基团使通道内壁呈现负电性, 通道表现出选择阳离子, 而排斥阴离子的离子选择输运性能, 此时向纳米系统中加入钙离子, 钙离子与磷酸根离子络合, 离子电流改变. 即OPLT修饰的纳米通道具有pH与钙离子协同响应的性能.     

Au纳米颗粒作用下的仿生纳米通道

在自然界的生物体系中,各种各样的离子通道对物质交换、能量输运等生理过程起着重要作用.用人工制备的仿生纳米器件模仿生物孔道的离子输运性质是一项非常具有挑战性的课题.通过在对称柱形聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯（PET）聚合物孔道中引入非对称结构,获得了一种具有高整流比的人工纳米孔道体系.通过带正电荷的2-十一烷基-1-二硫脲乙基咪唑啉季铵盐（SUDEI）在柱形纳米孔道的单面吸附,使体系具有了非对称的电荷分布和几何结构,从而具有非线性的离子输运性质,表现出较好的门控性能.Au纳米颗粒可以与SUDEI以Au-S键稳定结合,有效地减小柱孔一端的孔径,进一步提高体系的门控比,且该纳米通道体系非对称响应离子输运有很好的稳定性.     

GaSb纳米线的CVD可控制备及其光学表征

采用CVD法合成GaSb纳米线,并分析生长时间对其长度的影响,随后对其进行光学表征.实验过程中,分别采用喷金法和滴金法对硅片进行预处理,再置于相同条件下制备GaSb纳米线;之后对其进行表征分析,根据扫描电子显微镜（SEM）表征结果证实,两种方法制备的纳米线都满足VLS生长机制.且发现GaSb纳米线的生长长度,可以通过改变其生长时间来进行控制.通过该纳米线的透射电子显微镜图（TEM）、X射线衍射图（XRD）等结构表征,表明该纳米线为结晶品质优良的立方闪锌矿结构;同时,从GaSb纳米线的拉曼光谱（Raman）及光致发光谱（PL）可以反映该纳米线具有优良的光学性质.由此证明,采用CVD法制得的纳米线光学性质优异,且可以实现可控制备.     

Selective enrichment and quantification of okadaic acid in shellfish using an immunomagnetic‐bead‐based liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry assay

Okadaic acid is a marine biotoxin that primarily occurs in shellfish and can cause diarrheic shellfish poisoning in humans. When analyzing biological samples using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry, the presence of complex matrices is a major issue. Thus, it is crucial to selectively and simply extract the target analyte from samples and minimize matrix effects simultaneously. To meet this need, an immunomagnetic‐bead‐based liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry method was developed to detect okadaic acid in shellfish. Magnetic beads bound to monoclonal antibody against okadaic acid were used as affinity probes to specifically enrich okadaic acid in samples, which effectively eliminated matrix effects. A magnetic separator was used to aggregate and separate magnetic particles from sample matrices, and methanol was used to elute okadaic acid from the magnetic beads. Standard solution prepared with methanol was employed directly for quantitative analysis. Several experimental conditions were optimized to improve performance. The method is of interest as a rapid (10 min) sample clean‐up and selective enrichment tool, and it showed good linearity and sensitivity, with reported limits of detection and quantitation of 3 and 10 μg/kg, respectively. Fifty‐three shellfish samples from an aquatic products market were tested using this method, and four samples positive for okadaic acid were found.     

烷基胺为媒介的铜纳米棒的合成及其生长机制研究

以氯化铜为前躯体,葡糖糖为还原剂,烷基胺(十六胺和十八胺的混合物)为络合剂和表面包覆剂,经过络合反应和溶剂热两步反应首先得到形貌均一、直径约为100 nm的铜纳米颗粒, 随后自发生长为五重孪晶铜纳米棒(仍含有部分颗粒)。实验过程中分别对溶剂热反应1 h、3 h和5 h后的还原产物的形貌特征加以表征,可以推断被还原的铜原子首先均匀成核形成初级铜纳米颗粒,经过奥斯特瓦尔德老化过程生长为五重孪晶的次级铜纳米颗粒,由于孪晶结构具有很高的生长活性,在烷基胺的表面包覆作用下生长为各项异性的铜纳米棒。该方法提供了一种有效的铜纳米棒的制备方法并且降低了一维铜纳米材料的合成成本。     

阿锐克乳油中氯氰菊酯的高效液相色谱分析

采用Ｈｙｐｅｒｓｉｌ硅胶柱在合适的条件下使阿锐克乳油中的氯氰菊酯的４个异构体较好分离,通过对外标法和内标法的比较,建立了氯氰菊酯快速、准确的高效液相色谱定量分析方法,该法的回收率为９９．９％～１０１．４％;标准偏差为０．００１;相对标准偏差为１．７６％。