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61.
Kei Kato Masaru Koido Masashi Kobayashi Takanori Akagi Takanori Ichiki 《Electrophoresis》2013,34(8):1212-1218
The zeta potential of nanoliposomes with a diameter below 100 nm has been studied by the combined use of on‐chip microcapillary electrophoresis (μCE) and sensitive fluorescence imaging. Tracking the electrophoretic migration of individual nanoliposomes has enabled the accurate evaluation of the zeta potential distribution of nanoliposomes and the first observation of its abnormal broadening due to a statistical fluctuation phenomenon specific to the “nanoscale world.” The materials used for liposome preparation were phosphocholine as the neutral lipid, phosphatidylserine as the anionic lipid, and cholesterol. The size of the liposomes encapsulating calcein, a fluorescent dye used for imaging convenience, was tailored by extrusion through polycarbonate membrane filters of different pore sizes ranging from 50 to 1000 nm. The on‐chip μCE system comprised a μCE chip, a laser source, an inverted microscope, and an electron‐multiplying charge‐coupled device camera. The electrophoresis experiment using this system revealed that the relative standard deviation of the zeta potential distribution of nanoliposomes is inversely proportional to their diameter and apparently increases below 100 nm. This abnormal broadening of zeta potential distribution of nanoliposomes is explained by prominent discreteness effect of the number of anionic lipid molecules in nanoliposomes. 相似文献
62.
In the development of nanoparticle-based vaccine adjuvants, the interaction between nanoparticles (NPs) and the cells is a key factor. To control them, we focused on the relationship between the hydrophobicity of the side chains and the cell membrane. In this study, amphiphilic poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA), using various types of hydrophobic side chains, was synthesized and used to prepare NPs for evaluating the membrane disruptive activity. When leucine ethyl ester (Leu), methionine ethyl ester (Met), or tryptophan ethyl ester (Trp) was grafted, each polymer formed monodispersed NPs at physiological conditions. Significantly, NPs composed of Leu and Trp showed a membrane disruptive activity at the endosomal environment (pH 5–6.5), while NPs composed of Met did not show. This might be due to the weak hydrophobicity of Met compared to that of Leu and Trp, which demonstrated that the interaction between NPs and cells could be controlled by designing the polymer compositions. 相似文献
63.
Yue Wang Koki Ogasahara Daisuke Tomihama Radomir Mysliborski Masatoshi Ishida Yongseok Hong Yusuke Notsuka Yoshihisa Yamaoka Tomotaka Murayama Atsuya Muranaka Masanobu Uchiyama Shigeki Mori Yuhsuke Yasutake Susumu Fukatsu Dongho Kim Hiroyuki Furuta 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2020,59(37):16161-16166
The synthesis of organometallic complexes of modified 26π‐conjugated hexaphyrins with absorption and emission capabilities in the third near‐infrared region (NIR‐III) is described. Symmetry alteration of the frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) of bis‐PdII and bis‐PtII complexes of hexaphyrin via N‐confusion modification led to substantial metal dπ–pπ interactions. This MO mixing, in turn, resulted in a significantly narrower HOMO–LUMO energy gap. A remarkable long‐wavelength shift of the lowest S0→S1 absorption beyond 1700 nm was achieved with the bis‐PtII complex, t ‐Pt2‐3 . The emergence of photoacoustic (PA) signals maximized at 1700 nm makes t ‐Pt2‐3 potentially useful as a NIR‐III PA contrast agent. The rigid bis‐PdII complexes, t ‐Pd2‐3 and c ‐Pd2‐3 , are rare examples of NIR emitters beyond 1500 nm. The current study provides new insight into the design of stable, expanded porphyrinic dyes possessing NIR‐III‐emissive and photoacoustic‐response capabilities. 相似文献
64.
65.
An overview of both experimental and theoretical studies of cell electrophoresis mobility (EPM) over the past fifty years
and the relevance of cell EPM measurement are presented and discussed from the viewpoint of exploring the potential use of
cell EPM as an index of the biological condition of cells. Physical measurements of the optical and/or electrical properties
of cells have been attracting considerable attention as noninvasive cell-evaluation methods that are essential for the future
of cell-based application technologies such as cell-based drug screening and cell therapy. Cell EPM, which can be measured
in a noninvasive manner by cell electrophoresis, reflects the electrical and mechanical properties of the cell surface. Although
the importance of cell EPM has been underestimated for a long time, mostly owing to the technical difficulties associated
with its measurement, recent improvements in measurement technology using microcapillary chips have been changing the situation:
cell EPM measurement has become more reliable and faster. Recent studies using the automated microcapillary cell electrophoresis
system have revealed the close correlation between cell EPM and important biological phenomena including cell cycle, apoptosis,
enzymatic treatment, and immune reaction. In particular, the converged EPM distribution observed for synchronized cells has
altered the conventional belief that cell EPMs vary considerably. Finding a new significance of cell EPM is likely to lead
to noninvasive cell evaluation methods essential for the next-generation of cell engineering. 相似文献
66.
Omura K Choshi T Watanabe S Satoh Y Nobuhiro J Hibino S 《Chemical & pharmaceutical bulletin》2008,56(2):237-238
The first enantioselective synthesis of a beta-carboline alkaloid, dichotomine C, possessing antiallergic effects, was achieved by constructing a beta-carboline framework based on the microwave-assisted thermal electrocyclic reaction of a 1-azahexatriene system, followed by the Sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation. 相似文献
67.
Yue Wang Koki Ogasahara Daisuke Tomihama Dr. Radomir Mysliborski Dr. Masatoshi Ishida Yongseok Hong Yusuke Notsuka Prof. Dr. Yoshihisa Yamaoka Tomotaka Murayama Dr. Atsuya Muranaka Prof. Dr. Masanobu Uchiyama Dr. Shigeki Mori Dr. Yuhsuke Yasutake Prof. Dr. Susumu Fukatsu Prof. Dr. Dongho Kim Prof. Dr. Hiroyuki Furuta 《Angewandte Chemie (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,132(37):16295-16300
The synthesis of organometallic complexes of modified 26π-conjugated hexaphyrins with absorption and emission capabilities in the third near-infrared region (NIR-III) is described. Symmetry alteration of the frontier molecular orbitals (MOs) of bis-PdII and bis-PtII complexes of hexaphyrin via N-confusion modification led to substantial metal dπ–pπ interactions. This MO mixing, in turn, resulted in a significantly narrower HOMO–LUMO energy gap. A remarkable long-wavelength shift of the lowest S0→S1 absorption beyond 1700 nm was achieved with the bis-PtII complex, t -Pt2-3 . The emergence of photoacoustic (PA) signals maximized at 1700 nm makes t -Pt2-3 potentially useful as a NIR-III PA contrast agent. The rigid bis-PdII complexes, t -Pd2-3 and c -Pd2-3 , are rare examples of NIR emitters beyond 1500 nm. The current study provides new insight into the design of stable, expanded porphyrinic dyes possessing NIR-III-emissive and photoacoustic-response capabilities. 相似文献
68.
Yuhsuke IshiharaShuhei Azuma Tominari Choshi Kakujirou KohnoKanako Ono Hiroyuki TsutsumiTakashi Ishizu Satoshi Hibino 《Tetrahedron》2011,67(6):1320-1333
Total syntheses of the des-N-methyl (nor) type of benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids 1a-f and 19 and benzo[c]phenanthridine alkaloids, chelerythrine (2d), and broussonpapyrine (2f) were achieved. The key step was the construction of tetracyclic 10,11-dihydrobenzo[c]phenanthridines using a microwave-assisted electrocyclic reaction of the 2-cycloalkenylbenzaldoxime methyl ether 4 as an aza 6π-electron system, which was derived in two steps from a Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of 2-bromobenzaldehyde 6 with 2-(3,4-dihydro-6,7-methylenedioxynaphthyl)boronic acid pinacol ester 7. In addition, the exact structure of broussonpapyrine (2f) (2,3,9,10-tetraoxygenated type) was determined to be chelerythrine (2d). 相似文献
69.
Akagi F Ishida Y Matsuo T Kawaguchi H 《Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003)》2011,40(10):2375-2382
The synthesis and reactivity of niobium complexes incorporating a tripodal triphenol (tris(3,5-tert-butyl-2-hydroxylphenyl)methane = H(3)[O(3)]) have been investigated. Addition of one equivalent of NbCl(5) in CH(3)CN to H(3)[O(3)] in toluene led to partial HCl elimination, giving [H(O(3))]NbCl(3)(CH(3)CN) (1) with a bidendtate bis(aryloxide) ligand and a pendant phenol arm. Treatment of 1 with THF afforded [H(O(3))]NbCl(3)(THF) (2). Deprotonation of 1 with NEt(3) in toluene promoted coordination of the pendant phenol group to generate (Et(3)NH)[(syn-O(3))NbCl(3)] (3-syn). Prolonged heating of 3-syn resulted in clean conversion to the anti isomer (3-anti). Attempted deprotonation of 2 with PhCH(2)MgCl provided [H(O(3))]Nb(CH(2)Ph)(3) (4), in which alkylation took place at the metal center but the pendant phenol arm remained intact. When 3-syn was treated with PhCH(2)MgCl, [O(3)C]Nb(CH(2)Ph) (5) was produced via C-H activation of the methine C-H bond. The analogous reaction with 3-anti provided a benzylidene complex [anti-O(3)]Nb(CHPh)(THF) (6). During the course of the reaction, the anti ligand conformation is retained. Upon heating, 4 underwent methine C-H and phenol O-H activation, yielding the metalatrane 5. Complexes 1, 3-syn, 3-anti, 4, and 5 were characterized by X-ray diffraction. 相似文献
70.
We reveal the significance of kinetic-driven multiple-spin interactions hidden in geometrically frustrated Kondo lattice models. Carefully examining the perturbation in terms of the spin-charge coupling up to the fourth order, we find that a positive biquadratic interaction is critically enhanced and plays a crucial role on stabilizing a spin scalar chiral order near 1/4 filling in a triangular lattice case. This is a generalized Kohn anomaly, appearing only when the second-order perturbation is inefficient because of the degeneracy under frustration. The mechanism is potentially common to frustrated spin-charge coupled systems, leading to emergence of unusual magnetic orders. 相似文献